Navalny Missing – Russia Presidential Polls: Navalny camp sets strategy to disrupt Putin’s Power

https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/russias-navalny-removed-prison-colony-whereabouts-unclear-supporters-2023-12-11/

Son of WEF Founder is dying, wants Arrest of Schwab, Gates et al ✌@abovetopsecretxxl

WATCH: Pascal Najadi, the son of WEF co-founder Hussain Najadi, is calling for the arrests of Bill Gates, WHO leadership, the WEF, Klaus Schwab, Big Tech and Pfizer.

He says he and his mother are now dying from the vaccine, which he calls “poison”.

Follow the ONLY MEDIA with the LICENSE TO SPY ✌️@abovetopsecretxxl

Assassination of Robert F. Kennedy prevented✌@abovetopsecretxxl

Top Secret FBI Files about Adolf Hitler, Bormann and Argentina✌️@abovetopsecretxxl

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Robert F Kennedy Junior about CIA, ISIS, French Riots ✌️@abovetopsecretxxl

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Documents show Swedish Man predicted JFK assassination ✌@abovetopsecretxxl

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“Heinrich Müller – Head of the Gestapo Documentary” ✌@abovetopsecretxxl

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New JFK Record exposes Lyndon Johnson ✌@abovetopsecretxxl

Nazi Concentration Camps – Original Footage from the US Department of Defense

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The Assassination Compilation – JFK, Robert Reagan, MLK, Gerald Ford – CIA Film

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Must Watch Video: Robert F Kennedy jun and the CIA

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The unpunished STASI Murders of Uwe Barschel, Heinz Gerlach, Lutz Eigendorf, Jörg Berger. Bärbel Bohley, Jürgen Fuchs, Detlev Rohwedder, Rudolf Bahro, Heinz Herbert Karry and Alfred Herrhausen

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Alfred Herrhausen – A Leader Ahead of his Time

Uwe Barschel (poisoned and drowned)

Heinz Gerlach (poisoned)

Lutz Eigendorf (“blinded” and murdered by faked accident)

Jörg Berger (Center irradiated and poisoned)

Bärbel Bohley (irradiated and poisoned)

Jürgen Fuchs , links (irradiated and poisoned)

Detlev Rohwedder (shot)

Rudolf Bahro (irradiated and poisoned)

Heinz Herbert Karry (shot)

Jürgen Fuchs.(irradiated and poisoned)

Alfred Herrhausen (murdered with an explosive bomb)

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TOXDAT:Poison, torture, hit squads: This is how brutally the Stasi eliminated political opponents

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In her book, former GDR civil rights activist Freya Klier recalls the political murders committed by the State Security, which terrorized an entire nation as the “shield and sword” of the SED. The fates described get under the skin – and have lost none of their social significance even 32 years after the fall of the Wall.

The civil rights activist Freya Klier, born in 1950 in Dresden, arrested several times in the GDR and finally expatriated, has written a new book. It deals with the political murders and attempted murders by the State Security Service, or Stasi for short. In stirring descriptions, the author exposes the inhuman nature of the GDR secret service, which spied on, harassed and terrorized millions of East Germans on behalf of the state party SED – and committed dozens of homicides.

Read more: TOXDAT:Poison, torture, hit squads: This is how brutally the Stasi eliminated political opponents

Klier’s work could not have appeared at a better time – shortly before the Bundestag elections on September 26, 2021.

Freya Klier: Book about Stasi murders and brutal GDR regime
The reason: The Left Party, which has now been in the Bundestag for 16 years, is preparing to assume government responsibility for all of Germany – more offensively, more confidently than ever before. And large sections of the SPD and the Greens are welcoming the repeatedly renamed successor party to the SED with open arms.

However, the Left is not merely a party that wants to radically change our economic and social order. It is also a party that still has an unresolved relationship with its dark past, i.e., its predecessor party. Several members, right up to the leadership level, stubbornly refuse to call the GDR an unjust state and instead glorify the old system.

Author Klier was lucky to survive assassination attempt in 1987
There is no question that the SED regime committed massive and systematic injustice. Even if the GDR officially guaranteed its citizens freedom of speech, freedom of assembly or freedom of the press – if it went against its own interests, the state trampled such rights underfoot. With the Ministry of State Security, the SED had created a monster that secured its rule – among other things by forcibly removing disfavored citizens from the way.

In her book “Unter mysteriösen Umständen. Die politischen Morde der Staatssicherheit” (Herder Verlag), Freya Klier allows many eyewitnesses and victims to have their say, shedding light on a chapter of GDR history that has so far been very sparsely illuminated. Klier herself survived an assassination attempt in 1987 only by luck. The Stasi had tampered with her and her husband’s car, setting the stage for a serious accident. Klier’s brother was driven to suicide by the Stasi henchmen.

The author’s intention with her book is not to legally “prove” murders and assassinations. Rather, she wants to “set a monument” to the victims. She speaks of about 70 dissidents, pastors and writers who died an unnatural death in the GDR. “Others are seriously ill or are wasting away in some way” – obvious late effects of years of Stasi terror.

Klier takes up prominent fates, such as that of Michael Gartenschläger. He was shot by a special Stasi commando in 1976 when he tried to dismantle a self-firing device at the border. Quote: “The commando awaits him, sees his silhouette. As Michael ducks toward the border fence, he walks directly into the muzzle flash. Four men empty their magazines – just as they vowed to do. Riddled with gunfire, the 32-year-old dies on the death strip.”

Operation “Scorpion”: Enemy of the State Should Be Liquidated
The case of Wolfgang Welsch is also shocking. Sentenced to ten years in prison after a failed escape attempt in 1964, he was mistreated and psychologically tortured in GDR jail; the prison warden even staged a mock execution to wear the inmate down. In 1971, the German government bought Welsch’s freedom. But he found no peace in the West either. The Stasi opened the Central Operative Procedure (ZOV) “Scorpion” – Welsch was to be decomposed and finally liquidated.

Freya Klier notes in her book, “With a lot of luck, the persecuted survived three assassination attempts between 1979 and 1981, the last of which is probably the most famous – thallium poisoning by means of meatballs at an Israeli campsite.” Before that, the Stasi killers had tried explosives, then a sniper.

Driven to suicide: Klier’s brother took his own life
Klier’s book also addresses the high suicide rate in the GDR. About 5,000 people killed themselves each year, including many women, men and young people “who could no longer stand the harassment of the state authorities.” One of them was Klier’s brother. At the age of 30, he took his own life, pulverized by forced stays in prison and closed psychiatric wards. “He discovered an empty house near our apartment where the gas line was still working. There he puts his head in a gas oven.”

An obvious Stasi murder moves not only Freya Klier to this day, but also the victim’s family, friends, acquaintances: The strangulation of political prisoner Matthias Domaschk in 1981. He died in a dark prison cell in Gera, Thuringia.

Matthias Domaschk: Expert believes in “strangulation from behind
The Stasi informed Domaschk’s parents that their son had “hanged himself from a heating pipe shortly before he was to be released.” Klier in her book: “That Stasi people killed him and then hanged him to deceive him, nobody doubts that.”

This thesis is supported by an analysis of the renowned forensic pathologist Michael Tsokos from Berlin. After studying the Stasi documents available to him, the expert expressed “some doubts” about the official cause of death “hanging”. From his point of view, another possibility comes into consideration – “a strangulation from behind”.

In addition to other moving fates of victims of the GDR secret service, the author dedicates herself in detail to the topic of poison murders, in particular the hauntingly effective “Toxdat poison file.”

The “Killer Project” Eliminating Political Opponents with Poison
Background: In 1987, Stasi deputy chief Gerhard Neiber commissioned two officers to research possible poison murders. The top-secret project was called “Toxdat.” In this way, the Stasi looked for ways to “make life extremely difficult for resistant citizens or even to end it without their officers being identifiable as the perpetrators of the murders,” according to book author Freya Klier.

The more than 900-page Poison File describes exactly how more than 200 toxic substances are to be administered in such a way that they lead to death in a barely detectable manner. Among other things, attacks with radioactive poisons such as uranium or plutonium, radionuclides from strontium-90 to plutonium-238, but also with tiny amounts of spent fuel rods from nuclear power plants are described.

Eigendorf and Berger: They too were hit by the Stasi poison dart
The collection also includes the contact poison used on professional soccer player Lutz Eigendorf in Braunschweig in 1983, which led to a fatal car accident. And probably also the soccer coach Jörg Berger, who came from the GDR, was a victim of a poison attack. In 1986, Berger suffered from mysterious symptoms of paralysis in Aachen. At the time, it was believed to be a viral infection.

Years later, Munich forensic pathologist Wolfgang Eisenmenger analyzed Berger’s medical records against the background of the Toxdat study. His unequivocal finding was that Berger had been poisoned. “If one appreciates the clinical picture, heavy metals from the group of lead compounds and arsenic compounds come into consideration above all.” Berger died of colon cancer in 2010, at 65.

The criminal Stasi just a GDR fossil? Not at all!
To deal with atrocities committed by the Stasi on behalf of the SED 32 years after the fall of the Wall may not seem sensible and urgent to everyone. Some will object: What does that have to do with the present? What does it concern us?

The answer: a great deal.

The topics of SED dictatorship and Stasi crimes did not simply disappear with the end of the GDR. They have a profound effect right up to our own time. Freya Klier had to painfully experience this firsthand.

Merciless GDR lawyer active in SED successor party
After reunification, an elderly woman contacted her family and asked for an apology. It was that merciless GDR prosecutor who had accused Freya Klier’s then 17-year-old brother of a trivial offense, whereupon he was sentenced to four years in prison. Continually harassed by the state power, he later took his own life.

The bottom line: The ex-state prosecutor was later active for the SED’s successor party, the PDS. In doing so, she “unabashedly praised the GDR and its humanity,” according to author Klier, “and then lashed out at the capitalist West with its contempt for humanity.”

“Der Schoß ist fruchtbar noch, aus dem das kroch.”

BERTOLT BRECHT

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TOXDAT:Poison, torture, hit squads: This is how brutally the Stasi eliminated political opponents

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In her book, former GDR civil rights activist Freya Klier recalls the political murders committed by the State Security, which terrorized an entire nation as the “shield and sword” of the SED. The fates described get under the skin – and have lost none of their social significance even 32 years after the fall of the Wall.

The civil rights activist Freya Klier, born in 1950 in Dresden, arrested several times in the GDR and finally expatriated, has written a new book. It deals with the political murders and attempted murders by the State Security Service, or Stasi for short. In stirring descriptions, the author exposes the inhuman nature of the GDR secret service, which spied on, harassed and terrorized millions of East Germans on behalf of the state party SED – and committed dozens of homicides.

Read more: TOXDAT:Poison, torture, hit squads: This is how brutally the Stasi eliminated political opponents

Klier’s work could not have appeared at a better time – shortly before the Bundestag elections on September 26, 2021.

Freya Klier: Book about Stasi murders and brutal GDR regime
The reason: The Left Party, which has now been in the Bundestag for 16 years, is preparing to assume government responsibility for all of Germany – more offensively, more confidently than ever before. And large sections of the SPD and the Greens are welcoming the repeatedly renamed successor party to the SED with open arms.

However, the Left is not merely a party that wants to radically change our economic and social order. It is also a party that still has an unresolved relationship with its dark past, i.e., its predecessor party. Several members, right up to the leadership level, stubbornly refuse to call the GDR an unjust state and instead glorify the old system.

Author Klier was lucky to survive assassination attempt in 1987
There is no question that the SED regime committed massive and systematic injustice. Even if the GDR officially guaranteed its citizens freedom of speech, freedom of assembly or freedom of the press – if it went against its own interests, the state trampled such rights underfoot. With the Ministry of State Security, the SED had created a monster that secured its rule – among other things by forcibly removing disfavored citizens from the way.

In her book “Unter mysteriösen Umständen. Die politischen Morde der Staatssicherheit” (Herder Verlag), Freya Klier allows many eyewitnesses and victims to have their say, shedding light on a chapter of GDR history that has so far been very sparsely illuminated. Klier herself survived an assassination attempt in 1987 only by luck. The Stasi had tampered with her and her husband’s car, setting the stage for a serious accident. Klier’s brother was driven to suicide by the Stasi henchmen.

The author’s intention with her book is not to legally “prove” murders and assassinations. Rather, she wants to “set a monument” to the victims. She speaks of about 70 dissidents, pastors and writers who died an unnatural death in the GDR. “Others are seriously ill or are wasting away in some way” – obvious late effects of years of Stasi terror.

Klier takes up prominent fates, such as that of Michael Gartenschläger. He was shot by a special Stasi commando in 1976 when he tried to dismantle a self-firing device at the border. Quote: “The commando awaits him, sees his silhouette. As Michael ducks toward the border fence, he walks directly into the muzzle flash. Four men empty their magazines – just as they vowed to do. Riddled with gunfire, the 32-year-old dies on the death strip.”

Operation “Scorpion”: Enemy of the State Should Be Liquidated
The case of Wolfgang Welsch is also shocking. Sentenced to ten years in prison after a failed escape attempt in 1964, he was mistreated and psychologically tortured in GDR jail; the prison warden even staged a mock execution to wear the inmate down. In 1971, the German government bought Welsch’s freedom. But he found no peace in the West either. The Stasi opened the Central Operative Procedure (ZOV) “Scorpion” – Welsch was to be decomposed and finally liquidated.

Freya Klier notes in her book, “With a lot of luck, the persecuted survived three assassination attempts between 1979 and 1981, the last of which is probably the most famous – thallium poisoning by means of meatballs at an Israeli campsite.” Before that, the Stasi killers had tried explosives, then a sniper.

Driven to suicide: Klier’s brother took his own life
Klier’s book also addresses the high suicide rate in the GDR. About 5,000 people killed themselves each year, including many women, men and young people “who could no longer stand the harassment of the state authorities.” One of them was Klier’s brother. At the age of 30, he took his own life, pulverized by forced stays in prison and closed psychiatric wards. “He discovered an empty house near our apartment where the gas line was still working. There he puts his head in a gas oven.”

An obvious Stasi murder moves not only Freya Klier to this day, but also the victim’s family, friends, acquaintances: The strangulation of political prisoner Matthias Domaschk in 1981. He died in a dark prison cell in Gera, Thuringia.

Matthias Domaschk: Expert believes in “strangulation from behind
The Stasi informed Domaschk’s parents that their son had “hanged himself from a heating pipe shortly before he was to be released.” Klier in her book: “That Stasi people killed him and then hanged him to deceive him, nobody doubts that.”

This thesis is supported by an analysis of the renowned forensic pathologist Michael Tsokos from Berlin. After studying the Stasi documents available to him, the expert expressed “some doubts” about the official cause of death “hanging”. From his point of view, another possibility comes into consideration – “a strangulation from behind”.

In addition to other moving fates of victims of the GDR secret service, the author dedicates herself in detail to the topic of poison murders, in particular the hauntingly effective “Toxdat poison file.”

The “Killer Project” Eliminating Political Opponents with Poison
Background: In 1987, Stasi deputy chief Gerhard Neiber commissioned two officers to research possible poison murders. The top-secret project was called “Toxdat.” In this way, the Stasi looked for ways to “make life extremely difficult for resistant citizens or even to end it without their officers being identifiable as the perpetrators of the murders,” according to book author Freya Klier.

The more than 900-page Poison File describes exactly how more than 200 toxic substances are to be administered in such a way that they lead to death in a barely detectable manner. Among other things, attacks with radioactive poisons such as uranium or plutonium, radionuclides from strontium-90 to plutonium-238, but also with tiny amounts of spent fuel rods from nuclear power plants are described.

Eigendorf and Berger: They too were hit by the Stasi poison dart
The collection also includes the contact poison used on professional soccer player Lutz Eigendorf in Braunschweig in 1983, which led to a fatal car accident. And probably also the soccer coach Jörg Berger, who came from the GDR, was a victim of a poison attack. In 1986, Berger suffered from mysterious symptoms of paralysis in Aachen. At the time, it was believed to be a viral infection.

Years later, Munich forensic pathologist Wolfgang Eisenmenger analyzed Berger’s medical records against the background of the Toxdat study. His unequivocal finding was that Berger had been poisoned. “If one appreciates the clinical picture, heavy metals from the group of lead compounds and arsenic compounds come into consideration above all.” Berger died of colon cancer in 2010, at 65.

The criminal Stasi just a GDR fossil? Not at all!
To deal with atrocities committed by the Stasi on behalf of the SED 32 years after the fall of the Wall may not seem sensible and urgent to everyone. Some will object: What does that have to do with the present? What does it concern us?

The answer: a great deal.

The topics of SED dictatorship and Stasi crimes did not simply disappear with the end of the GDR. They have a profound effect right up to our own time. Freya Klier had to painfully experience this firsthand.

Merciless GDR lawyer active in SED successor party
After reunification, an elderly woman contacted her family and asked for an apology. It was that merciless GDR prosecutor who had accused Freya Klier’s then 17-year-old brother of a trivial offense, whereupon he was sentenced to four years in prison. Continually harassed by the state power, he later took his own life.

The bottom line: The ex-state prosecutor was later active for the SED’s successor party, the PDS. In doing so, she “unabashedly praised the GDR and its humanity,” according to author Klier, “and then lashed out at the capitalist West with its contempt for humanity.”

“Der Schoß ist fruchtbar noch, aus dem das kroch.”

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History’s DEADLIEST Executioner – Stalin’s Vasily Blohkin

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During the Second World War, many sides committed atrocities and executions that were unlawful and resulted in huge massacres. Some of the perpetrators of these war crimes were brought to trial after the Second World War had come to an end, however many more criminals never faced justice. During the conflict, History’s deadliest executioner dispatched thousands of prisoners of war in one of the most horrific massacres of World War 2. Vasily Blohkin is remembered today as History’s most prolific and deadliest executioner.

Inside of Joseph Stalin’s Soviet Union, Blohkin rose to prominence as the Chief Executioner of the NKVD, and he carried out many of the high profile executions of Stalin’s purges. He was also responsible for the murders of thousands, and for torture but during World War 2 he was placed in charge of administering the Katyn Massacre. He was responsible for the executions of over 22,000 prisoners of war, and its claimed he personally shot around 7,000 of these men in efficient slaughter. He prided himself on how quick he could perform an execution, and during the horrific massacre he executed a Polish officer/prisoner every 3 minutes. The Katyn Massacre was one of the most shocking atrocities of the Second World War, and one of the largest collective murders organised by the Soviet Union. After the war, Blohkin continued to serve under Stalin’s police until the leader of the Soviet Union died. He then was stripped of his ranks, and fell into alcoholism and obscurity. Vasily Blohkin is remembered today for being the deadliest executioner in History.

So join us today as we look at, ‘History’s DEADLIEST Executioner.’

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Two brothers convicted of murdering Daphne Caruana Galizia, sentenced to 40 years in prison

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Two brothers admitted to assassinating Maltese journalist Daphne Caruana Galizia and have been sentenced to 40 years in prison, just days shy of the five-year anniversary of the brutal car-bomb killing.

Alfred and George Degiorgio, aged 57 and 59 respectively, initially entered pleas of “not guilty” when their trial began in Malta on Friday morning — but by the afternoon, the pair reversed course and pled guilty to  their part in the murder, according to the Times of Malta.

Caruana Galizia was a prominent columnist and investigative reporter whose work focused on political corruption and organized crime in the tiny island nation. Her follow-up reporting on the Panama Papers in 2016 made international headlines and included an investigation into alleged links between offshore business deals and Malta’s top politicians.

She was killed by a car bomb outside her home in Bidnija, Malta, on Oct. 16, 2017.

Read more: Two brothers convicted of murdering Daphne Caruana Galizia, sentenced to 40 years in prison

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FOIA Privacy Act Request Appeal DoS State Weisberg Files By Harold Weisberg

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Weisberg, an Office of Strategic Services officer during World War II, U.S. Senate staff member and investigative reporter, devoted 40 years of his life to researching and writing about the Kennedy and King assassinations. His first book, Whitewash: The Report on the Warren Report (1965), was the first critical study of the government’s official version of what happened in Dallas on Nov. 22, 1963. Seven of the eight books Weisberg published after Whitewash were about the Kennedy assassination. Over time, Weisberg became recognized, both nationally and internationally, as the dean of writers critical of the official version

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The Stasi: The Most Terrifying Secret Police in the Eastern Bloc

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The darkest symbol of the German Democratic Republic (GDR) is the Stasi, the omnipotent Ministry for State Security. In 1989, the secret police service of a country with a population of only 16 million people employed 91 thousand full-time employees – not counting the “unofficial” Stasi workers. The later, according to various estimates, numbered from 200 thousand to 2 million. The Stasi was modeled after the Soviet NKVD but quickly surpassed it in the sophistication of its methods. In the new episode of “How It Was,” we will recall the history of the most effective intelligence service in the Eastern Bloc. You will learn how spies from the GDR infiltrated the upper echelons of power in the neighboring Federal Republic of Germany (FRG). How did the East German agent Gunther Guillaume ruin the career of West German Chancellor Willy Brandt? How did the almost permanent Stasi leader Erich Mielke develop a mass surveillance system in GDR? We will also recall what the Stasi had in common with the Palestine Liberation Organization and how the East German agents used gaslighting to neutralize dissidents.

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THE XINJIANG PAPERS – AN INTRODUCTION – ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS

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Chinese Communist Party officials will "lubricate" Xi ...
XI

On Monday, December 13, Victims of Communism Memorial Foundation (VOC) Senior Research Fellow Dr. Adrian Zenz  with the Uyghur Tribunal, an independent people’s tribunal established to investigate “ongoing atrocities and possible Genocide” against the Uyghurs, Kazakhs and other Turkic Muslim Populations — released the full set of leaked documents from the People’s Republic of China, now known as the “Xinjiang Papers.” This collection of hundreds of pages of leaked internal Chinese Communist Party documents confirm that Chinese leader Xi Jinping and other central Chinese Communist Party government figures are complicit in the systematic genocide of the Uyghur people. The documents revealed the massive scale of and depth of persecution were used by the Uyghur tribunal as the final piece of evidence that resulted in a guilty verdict of Xi Jinping and his fellow government officials.

Continue reading “THE XINJIANG PAPERS – AN INTRODUCTION – ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS”

History’s DEADLIEST Executioner – Stalin’s Vasily Blohkin

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During the Second World War, many sides committed atrocities and executions that were unlawful and resulted in huge massacres. Some of the perpetrators of these war crimes were brought to trial after the Second World War had come to an end, however many more criminals never faced justice. During the conflict, History’s deadliest executioner dispatched thousands of prisoners of war in one of the most horrific massacres of World War 2. Vasily Blohkin is remembered today as History’s most prolific and deadliest executioner.

Inside of Joseph Stalin’s Soviet Union, Blohkin rose to prominence as the Chief Executioner of the NKVD, and he carried out many of the high profile executions of Stalin’s purges. He was also responsible for the murders of thousands, and for torture but during World War 2 he was placed in charge of administering the Katyn Massacre. He was responsible for the executions of over 22,000 prisoners of war, and its claimed he personally shot around 7,000 of these men in efficient slaughter. He prided himself on how quick he could perform an execution, and during the horrific massacre he executed a Polish officer/prisoner every 3 minutes. The Katyn Massacre was one of the most shocking atrocities of the Second World War, and one of the largest collective murders organised by the Soviet Union. After the war, Blohkin continued to serve under Stalin’s police until the leader of the Soviet Union died. He then was stripped of his ranks, and fell into alcoholism and obscurity. Vasily Blohkin is remembered today for being the deadliest executioner in History.

So join us today as we look at, ‘History’s DEADLIEST Executioner.’

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Vera Sharav – Holocaust Survivor “The Unvaccinated Are Now Untermenschen” – VIDEO

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Rumble — Interview with Vera Sharav Holocaust survivor and founder of ALLIANCE FOR HUMAN RESEARCH PROTECTION
https://ahrp.org/

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FUNERAL DIRECTOR as Whistleblower: “Mass Murder By Government” – VIDEO

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YOU CAN TRANSLATE EVERYTHING WITH THE GOOGLE TOOL TOP RIGHT,PUEDES TRADUCIR TODO CON LA HERRAMIENTA DE GOOGLE ARRIBA A LA DERECHA,VOUS POUVEZ TOUT TRADUIRE AVEC L’OUTIL GOOGLE EN HAUT À DROITE,SIE KÖNNEN ALLES MIT DEM GOOGLE-TOOL OBEN RECHTS ÜBERSETZEN, ВЫ МОЖЕТЕ ПЕРЕВЕСТИ ВСЕ С ПОМОЩЬЮ ИНСТРУМЕНТА GOOGLE СПРАВА ВВЕРХУ,你可以用谷歌右上方的工具来翻译所有内容,PUOI TRADURRE TUTTO CON LO STRUMENTO DI GOOGLE IN ALTO A DESTRA,DU KAN ÖVERSÄTTA ALLT MED GOOGLE-VERKTYGET UPPE TILL HÖGER,VOCÊ PODE TRADUZIR TUDO COM A FERRAMENTA GOOGLE TOP RIGHT,右上のグーグルツールで全て翻訳できます。

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Rumble — Funeral director John O’Looney witnessed mass murder by British government. Thousands of people were killed in care homes, and then labeled as covid deaths. That was the start of the ‘pandemic’ in the U.K.

His testimony is by far the most revealing and most shocking of all. Absolute must see for al of humanity.

See much more here:

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TILT – WORLD EXCLUSIVE – WORLD’S FIRST VACCINE MURDER CASE AGAINST BILL GATES, ADAR POONAWALLA FILED IN INDIA’S HIGH COURT – ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS – TILT

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YOU CAN TRANSLATE EVERYTHING WITH THE GOOGLE TOOL TOP RIGHT,PUEDES TRADUCIR TODO CON LA HERRAMIENTA DE GOOGLE ARRIBA A LA DERECHA,VOUS POUVEZ TOUT TRADUIRE AVEC L’OUTIL GOOGLE EN HAUT À DROITE,SIE KÖNNEN ALLES MIT DEM GOOGLE-TOOL OBEN RECHTS ÜBERSETZEN, ВЫ МОЖЕТЕ ПЕРЕВЕСТИ ВСЕ С ПОМОЩЬЮ ИНСТРУМЕНТА GOOGLE СПРАВА ВВЕРХУ,你可以用谷歌右上方的工具来翻译所有内容,PUOI TRADURRE TUTTO CON LO STRUMENTO DI GOOGLE IN ALTO A DESTRA,DU KAN ÖVERSÄTTA ALLT MED GOOGLE-VERKTYGET UPPE TILL HÖGER,VOCÊ PODE TRADUZIR TUDO COM A FERRAMENTA GOOGLE TOP RIGHT,右上のグーグルツールで全て翻訳できます。

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Headlines and Updates for May 19, 2020: New Q & the ...

The Indian Bar Association has launched “World’s First Vaccine Murder case against Bill Gates, Adar Poonawalla filed in India’s High Court

World’s First Vaccine Murder case against Bill Gates, Adar Poonawalla filed in India’s High Court. [Kiran Yadav Vs. State and ors.Criminal Writ Petition (St.) 18017 of 2021]

Continue reading “TILT – WORLD EXCLUSIVE – WORLD’S FIRST VACCINE MURDER CASE AGAINST BILL GATES, ADAR POONAWALLA FILED IN INDIA’S HIGH COURT – ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS – TILT”

The Saudi Arabian Tyrant Silencing His Critics With Savagery 

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YOU CAN TRANSLATE EVERYTHING WITH THE GOOGLE TOOL TOP RIGHT,PUEDES TRADUCIR TODO CON LA HERRAMIENTA DE GOOGLE ARRIBA A LA DERECHA,VOUS POUVEZ TOUT TRADUIRE AVEC L’OUTIL GOOGLE EN HAUT À DROITE,SIE KÖNNEN ALLES MIT DEM GOOGLE-TOOL OBEN RECHTS ÜBERSETZEN, ВЫ МОЖЕТЕ ПЕРЕВЕСТИ ВСЕ С ПОМОЩЬЮ ИНСТРУМЕНТА GOOGLE СПРАВА ВВЕРХУ,你可以用谷歌右上方的工具来翻译所有内容,PUOI TRADURRE TUTTO CON LO STRUMENTO DI GOOGLE IN ALTO A DESTRA,DU KAN ÖVERSÄTTA ALLT MED GOOGLE-VERKTYGET UPPE TILL HÖGER,VOCÊ PODE TRADUZIR TUDO COM A FERRAMENTA GOOGLE TOP RIGHT,右上のグーグルツールで全て翻訳できます。

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WORLD EXCLUSIVE – WORLD’S FIRST VACCINE MURDER CASE AGAINST BILL GATES, ADAR POONAWALLA FILED IN INDIA’S HIGH COURT – ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS

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YOU CAN TRANSLATE EVERYTHING WITH THE GOOGLE TOOL TOP RIGHT,PUEDES TRADUCIR TODO CON LA HERRAMIENTA DE GOOGLE ARRIBA A LA DERECHA,VOUS POUVEZ TOUT TRADUIRE AVEC L’OUTIL GOOGLE EN HAUT À DROITE,SIE KÖNNEN ALLES MIT DEM GOOGLE-TOOL OBEN RECHTS ÜBERSETZEN, ВЫ МОЖЕТЕ ПЕРЕВЕСТИ ВСЕ С ПОМОЩЬЮ ИНСТРУМЕНТА GOOGLE СПРАВА ВВЕРХУ,你可以用谷歌右上方的工具来翻译所有内容,PUOI TRADURRE TUTTO CON LO STRUMENTO DI GOOGLE IN ALTO A DESTRA,DU KAN ÖVERSÄTTA ALLT MED GOOGLE-VERKTYGET UPPE TILL HÖGER,VOCÊ PODE TRADUZIR TUDO COM A FERRAMENTA GOOGLE TOP RIGHT,右上のグーグルツールで全て翻訳できます。

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Headlines and Updates for May 19, 2020: New Q & the ...

The Indian Bar Association has launched “World’s First Vaccine Murder case against Bill Gates, Adar Poonawalla filed in India’s High Court

World’s First Vaccine Murder case against Bill Gates, Adar Poonawalla filed in India’s High Court. [Kiran Yadav Vs. State and ors.Criminal Writ Petition (St.) 18017 of 2021]

Continue reading “WORLD EXCLUSIVE – WORLD’S FIRST VACCINE MURDER CASE AGAINST BILL GATES, ADAR POONAWALLA FILED IN INDIA’S HIGH COURT – ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS”

Heinrich Müller – Head Of The Gestapo Documentary

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Why China’s Candidate For Interpol Is Facing Resistance From Around The World – ANOTHER SCHWAB CRONIE

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Why China’s Candidate For Interpol Is Facing Resistance From Around The World

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UNDERGROUND VIDEO – NORTH KOREA PUBLIC EXECUTION

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REVEALED – JOHN MCAFEE AFTERLIFE – CONGRESSIONAL CONTACTS – ORIGINAL DOCUMENT

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John McAfee uninstalls McAfee (with guns, girls and drugs ...
Continue reading “REVEALED – JOHN MCAFEE AFTERLIFE – CONGRESSIONAL CONTACTS – ORIGINAL DOCUMENT”

The Price Of Truth – Al Jazeera Marks 25 Dangerous Years

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As Al Jazeera marks its 25th anniversary on November 1, the history of the media network is beset with the inherent risks, obstacles and outright attacks it has had to weather by reporting from the world’s most strife-stricken places. The dangers faced by Al Jazeera have included multiple threats to shut down its bureaus and the killing or detention of its front-line journalists. They have ranged from phone hacking and network-wide cyber-attacks, to state-sanctioned satellite scrambling and outright aerial bombardments on bureau locations. Al Jazeera’s Jamal Elshayyal takes a look at the history of the network and the obstacles and dangers it has faced since its inception.

MCAFEE AFTERLIFE REVEALS CLINTON FOUNDATION’S FINAL INVESTMENT PLAN – Original Document

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Continue reading “MCAFEE AFTERLIFE REVEALS CLINTON FOUNDATION’S FINAL INVESTMENT PLAN – Original Document”

Whaaaat?!! The CIA Plotted To MURDER Julian Assange!!

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GERMAN DEATH LIST OF MERKEL GOVT CRITICS CAUSES FEAR AND ANGER

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The German journalist Roland Tichy, who is himself listed comments: “For several hours now, a “list of the 250 biggest misanthropes” has been circulating on the Internet. “For many of them, only a removal would actually help,” it says. “That’s how you do it with dangerous animals that get too close to settlements.” Authors, publicists, doctors, politicians of several parties, actors – it is critics who have criticized this or that measure of the Merkel government. Some consider refugee policy to be nonsense; others criticize the corona measures policy. Otherwise, there is no consistent commonality, only this: They express themselves critically on this or that topic, sometimes more, sometimes less. There are vaccinated among them and vaccine critics, specialist politicians who criticize the energy transition: any contradiction is dangerous.”

The term misantrophes is the opposite to the term “philantroph” which is used by billionaires like Bill Gates to characterize themselves.

I live myself with death threats since more than 10 years. Mostly because of publishing the STASI and KGB agents lists. Earlier because of uncovering real estate corruption scandals.

Russia Responsible For Litvinenko Killing – European Court Rules

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The European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) ruled that Russian agents were tasked with the assassination of Alexander Litvinenko in the UK. Kremlin critic Litvinenko died in 2006 in the UK after drinking green tea laced with poison at London’s Millennium Hotel. The substance in question was found to be Polonium-210, a rare radioactive material. Litvinenko had worked for the Russian security services before he defected and was granted asylum in the UK. Along with his now widowed wife, Marina Litvinenko, he was granted UK nationality before his assassination. Russia has always denied its involvement in the death of Litvinenko, who became a prominent critic of the Kremlin’s intelligence services and involved in exposing corruption.

Breaking News – Shocking Resurgence Of Cannibalism In North Korea

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FOX – Stranded Journalists Face Threats From Taliban After Being Left Behind

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Ayesha Tanzeem explains how U.S-sponsored journalists stranded in Afghanistan worry about their ability to escape the Taliban-controlled nation. #FoxNews

KGB Death Squads ‘Hunting Down’ Belarusian Dissidents In Britain

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THOUSANDS of Belarusian dissidents living in Britain could be targeted by an “out of control” KGB agents bent on vengeance, experts warned last night. “‘It increasingly looks like no Belarusian national who voices the slightest note of opposition against this regime is safe, no matter where they are,” warned Viktorija Starych-Samuoliene of the Council on Geostrategy.

U.S. Treasury – Sinaloa Cartel Leaders Revealed – Original Documents

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Continue reading “U.S. Treasury – Sinaloa Cartel Leaders Revealed – Original Documents”

Belarusian Activist Vitaly Schischow Found Dead In Kiev – State Murder – Video

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Hitler’s Executioner – Johann Reichhart – Guillotine – Video

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In this video, we visit the story of one of Nazi Germany’s most notorious executioners, Johann Reichhart. Beginning his work before Hitler’s rise to power in 1933, Reichhart would go on to execute over 3,000 people, including Sophie and Hans Scholl, the members of the White Rose Resistance Group.

Reichhart would execute his convicts using surprisingly the guillotine, once made famous during the French Revolution. So join us to visit and find out about the infamous second world war executioner, Johann Reichhart.

Who Killed Dorothy Kilgallen? We Chat with Author Mark Shaw

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Former criminal defense attorney Mark Shaw stopped by Scribd to discuss his latest book, ‘The Reporter Who Knew Too Much: The Mysterious Death of What’s My Line? TV Star and Media Icon Dorothy Kilgallen’: http://scr.bi/2mmUivx.

Collateral Damage Video – Connecting The Deaths Of Marilyn Monroe, JFK And Dorothy Kilgallen

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Best-selling author Mark Shaw returns to The Commonwealth Club to discuss his latest book, Collateral Damage, in his ongoing investigative research into the connections between the mysterious deaths of motion picture screen siren Marilyn Monroe, President John F. Kennedy, and “What’s My Line?” TV star and crack investigative reporter Dorothy Kilgallen.

Shaw argues that if Robert Kennedy had been prosecuted for what Shaw calls his complicity in the death of Marilyn Monroe in 1962, his campaign against Mafia leaders as attorney general would have been sidetracked, and so there would have been no reason for Bobby’s Mafia enemies to assassinate his brother JFK in 1963. There would also have been no reason for them to kill media icon Dorothy Kilgallen, since it was her explosive investigation into JFK’s death that led to the famous reporter’s death in 1965.

Hear the details of Shaw’s latest research, and send in your questions during the live-stream discussion. SPEAKERS Mark Shaw Author, Collateral Damage: The Mysterious Deaths of Marilyn Monroe and Dorothy Kilgallen and the Ties that Bind them to Robert Kennedy and the JFK Assassination In Conversation with George Hammond Author, Conversations With Socrates.

The Cycle Of Violence – The Unsolved Murder of Silvia Duzán And Why It Still Matters Today

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In 1990, Colombia was shocked by the horrific murder of a popular investigative journalist Silvia Duzan. She was working on a hopeful story about how several peasant leaders banned together against the violence of cartel rule, but ended up being assassinated alongside her interviewees.

Thirty years later, filmmaker Paola Desiderio is exploring the tragic event and the story around it in her upcoming documentary “The Law of Silence”. It is a sad yet inspiring story about the perseverance of human spirit in the hardest of circumstance and a decades-long search for justice.

Paula tells us why the documentary is still relevant, whether Colombia is any safer for journalists today than thirty years ago and what can be done to break the cycle of violence. #Colombia #SilviaDuzan

The Murder Of Journalist Daphne Caruana Galizia – Malta’s Shame

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he assassination in Malta of investigative journalist Daphne Caruana Galizia in October 2017 put the island in the headlines. John Sweeney, who reported on the story for Newsnight in the immediate aftermath, has been back to Malta to look into the stories Caruana Galizia was covering before her death and to speak to Malta’s Prime Minister Joseph Muscat.

Guilty – The Murder Of Jamal Khashoggi

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Did the Saudi state plan the assassination of Jamal Khashoggi? Was Khashoggi so much of a threat to the Saudi regime that it was prepared to commit a terrible crime to get rid of him? This documentary reconstructs Jamal Khashoggi’s personal plans and movements in his final days.

It also examines records, leaks and reports related to his assassination, as well as motivations that may have led Saudi Arabia to commit such a shocking crime. The film’s key feature is exclusive testimony from Khashoggi’s close circle, including from his fiancée Hatice Cengiz.

She tells of her emotional struggle in dealing with his death; hoping against hope he was still alive despite accounts of how he was killed; the struggle to discover his fate; and the pain of not knowing where his body is. The documentary also uncovers how the Saudi government handed the incident, including the attempts it made to cover up the story. In London, Washington, Istanbul and Montreal, the film visits and speaks with Khashoggi’s friends, security experts, analysts and activists.

The events surrounding Khashoggi’s killing and the assassination itself are reconstructed in reenactments and with aerial photographs, graphics and animations, including archive footage. In the words of one official close to the case, UN Special Rapporteur Agnès Callamard: “There is credible evidence that requires further investigation into the involvement of senior Saudi officials in the crime, including the Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman himself.”

Last Video Of Danish Siddiqui Before Death – Indian Journalist Killed In Afghanistan

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Danish Siddiqui, an award-winning photojournalist, was killed on Friday while covering a clash between Afghan security forces and Taliban fighters near a border crossing with Pakistan.

The Pulitzer Prize-winning chief photographer had been covering the Afghan-Taliban clashes for Reuters over the last few days. For full information watch this video. Thank You.

Indian Photojournalist Killed In Afghanistan – Envoy Remembers Pulitzer Winner Danish Siddiqui

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Indian photojournalist Danish Siddiqui was killed in Afghanistan’s Kandahar while on a reporting assignment to the war-torn country. Reports said that he died in Spin Boldak area while being embedded with Afghan security forces.

Just days earlier, he had tweeted a video of a grenade attack on the vehicle he and some Afghan soldiers were travelling in. Afghan ambassador to India Farid Mamundzay condoled his death. Watch the full video for more.

Remember Russian Television Journalist Killed Ilyas Shurpayev – March 21th 2008

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A Russian television journalist who had reported from the turbulent North Caucasus region was found strangled in his Moscow apartment on Friday, prosecutors said.

Police said the body of Ilyas Shurpayev, 32, was found by firefighters when they arrived to put out a fire in his apartment. They said it appeared Shurpayev was strangled with a belt and his attackers set his apartment on fire before leaving.

Shurpayev had moved to Moscow from Dagestan, a crime-ridden southern province neighboring Chechnya where he worked for several years as a reporter with state-controlled Channel One television.

Shurpayev reported from many conflict zones in the former Soviet Union including Chechnya and Georgia’s breakaway regions of Abkhazia and South Ossetia.

A spokesman for the investigations committee of the Prosecutor-General’s office said several theories for Shurpayev’s murder were being checked, including those related to his personal life and his work.

“Apparently the journalist knew his murderer because he opened the door for him and let him in,” the spokesman said.

Russian media reported that a concierge in the apartment block where Shurpayev lived had seen the last person to visit him.

More than a dozen journalists have been slain in contract-style killings in Russia since 2000. Many journalists appear to have been targeted for beatings and killings because of their attempts to dig into allegations of corruption.

Shurpayev was not known as an investigative reporter.

Several hours before his death he posted an entry on his personal Internet blog, http://www.shurpaev.livejournal.com, saying he had been included in a black list of journalists barred from contributing to an unnamed Dagestani newspaper.

“Now I am a dissident! What nonsense!”, wrote Shurpayev, who said he had published only travel reports in the paper.

“I have not participated in the political life of my republic or even my district because I am too lazy and have no time,” he wrote.

US Intelligence Report About Soviet Use Of Assassination & Kidnapping – Original Document

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The Trotsky Assassination - HISTORY
The Trotzki Murder
Page 1 of ITEM PREPARED FOR THE WARREN COMMISSION BY SR/CI/RESEARCH ENTITLED "SOVIET USE OF ASSASSINATION AND KIDNAPPING."
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Video – The Bizarre Rise & Suspicious Death Of John McAfee

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This is John McAfee – the eccentric tech millionaire, playboy, suspected murderer, international fugitive, presidential candidate, crypto enthusiast… And the same man behind that annoying software called McAfee Antivirus that you probably have installed on your computer right now if you have windows John has lived a… wild existence Could he, as a 75 year old man with deteriorating health, not take it anymore? Or did the US government have something to do with it?

Continue reading “Video – The Bizarre Rise & Suspicious Death Of John McAfee”

Bellingcat – Russian Poet Dmitry Bykov Targeted by Navalny Poisoners

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Dmitri Lwowitsch Bykow – Wikipedia

In a December 2020 examination, Bellingcat and its accomplices recognized seven FSB officials who had followed Russian resistance pioneer Alexey Navalny on in excess of 35 excursions around Russia since mid 2017. Three individuals from this gathering – which included substance weapons specialists, clinical specialists and security agents – had shadowed Navalny to Novosibirsk and forward to Tomsk, during his August 2020 excursion to Siberia. Navalny fell into a close deadly trance state on a departure from Tomsk to Moscow on 21 Auguast 2020, the consequence of what three European labs and the OPCW later distinguished as extreme Novichok harming. The phone of one individual from the FSB group was geolocated inside strolling distance of the inn Navalny was remaining the prior night he became sick.

Continue reading “Bellingcat – Russian Poet Dmitry Bykov Targeted by Navalny Poisoners”

Lukaschenko Kidnapps Airplane To Kill Journalist Roman Protasevich – Lukaschenko Entführt Flugzeug Um Den Journalisten Roman Protasevich Zu Töten

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Belarus fängt Flugzeug ab und nimmt Aktivist fest | Aktuell Europa | DW |  23.05.2021
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Roman Protasevich In Minsk Kidnapped – Roman Protasevich in Minsk Gefangen

Ein Mann, der neben Roman Protasevich im Flugzeug saß: “Sie haben uns aus dem Flugzeug geholt, die Hunde haben an unserem Gepäck gerochen. Sie haben diesen Mann (Roman) beiseite genommen und seine Sachen auf die Landebahn geworfen. Wir haben ihn gefragt, was los ist Er sagte mir, wer er ist und fügte hinzu: “Sie werden mich hier hinrichten.”

Ein Ryanair-Flugzeug von Griechenland nach Litauen wurde am Sonntag für mehrere Stunden nach Weißrussland umgeleitet. Aktivisten sagten, es sei getan worden, um einen dissidenten Journalisten an Bord zu verhaften.

Europäische Nationen reagierten mit Empörung und beschuldigten Belarus des “Staatsterrorismus”.

A guy sitting next to Roman Protasevich on the plane: “They took us out of the plane, the dogs sniffed our luggage. They took that guy (Roman) aside, threw his belongings on the runway. We asked him what’s going on. He told me who he is and added, “They’ll execute me here.”

A Ryanair plane from Greece to Lithuania was diverted to Belarus for several hours on Sunday, with activists saying it was done to arrest a dissident journalist on board.

European nations reacted with outrage, accusing Belarus of “state terrorism”.

Continue reading “Lukaschenko Kidnapps Airplane To Kill Journalist Roman Protasevich – Lukaschenko Entführt Flugzeug Um Den Journalisten Roman Protasevich Zu Töten”

TOP SECRET – Who Killed Olof Palme – The CIA Investigation Report – Video

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Edit TOP SECRET - Who Killed Olof Palme - The CIA Investigation Report

Check out this video: https://share.vidyard.com/watch/XPkZGuer2PLMHDg9SXtPfY?

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The CIA Report “New Facts About Kennedy’s Murder” – Original Document

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Assassination of John F. Kennedy - Facts, Investigation, Photos | HISTORY -  HISTORY
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TOP SECRET – Who Killed Olof Palme – The CIA Investigation Report – Original Document

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The Murder Of Olof Palme – Investigated By The CIA

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Die Spur Der Mörder Von Journalistin Daphne Caruana Galizia Führt Nach China

Daphne Caruana Galizia: Urteil nach Mord an Journalistin in Malta: 15 Jahre  Haft - Politik - Westfälische Nachrichten
Daphne Caruana Galizias Arbeit zur Aufdeckung von Korruption in Malta befasste sich mit Visa-zum-Verkauf-Programmen, Energieverträgen und karibischen Offshore-Unternehmen, die für maltesische Politiker gegründet wurden. Eine Untersuchung hat nun ergeben, dass all diese Geschichten zusammenkommen - in China.

Wichtigste Ergebnisse:

Macbridge, ein mysteriöses Unternehmen, das im Rahmen eines von Daphne Caruana Galizia untersuchten Kickback-Programms benannt wurde, ist mit einem chinesischen Berater verbunden, der einen wichtigen Energievertrag in Malta ausgehandelt hat.
Macbridge wurde von der Schwiegermutter des Beraters Chen Cheng gegründet, einem leitenden Angestellten der chinesischen Niederlassung des multinationalen Beratungsunternehmens Accenture.
Sowohl Chen als auch seine Schwiegermutter sind mit Unternehmen und Geschäftsleuten verbunden, die den Verkauf von maltesischen Aufenthaltsvisa in China erleichtern.
Chen bat einen anderen Verwandten, eine Firma zu gründen, die eine Zahlung von einer Million Euro von 17 Black erhielt, einer Firma, die bekanntermaßen dem maltesischen Tycoon Yorgen Fenech gehört, der wegen Mordes an Caruana Galizia angeklagt ist.

Hintergrund:

https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daphne_Caruana_Galizia

Mord an Journalistin - Weitere Anklagen im Fall Daphne Caruana Galizia -  Wiener Zeitung Online
Der Tatort des Mordes

Für ein winziges Land hat die Mittelmeerinsel Malta eine Vielzahl von Korruptionsskandalen ausgelöst - und die maltesische investigative Journalistin Daphne Caruana Galizia hat die meisten davon in ihrem Kreuzzugsblog Running Commentary behandelt.

Sie war eine der ersten, die über 17 Black berichtete, eine mysteriöse Firma in Dubai, von der sie glaubte, dass sie mit hochrangigen maltesischen Beamten in Verbindung steht. Sie befasste sich auch mit zweifelhaften Umständen im Zusammenhang mit einer Vereinbarung von 2014, eine größere Beteiligung an Maltas einzigem Elektrizitätsunternehmen an ein chinesisches Staatsunternehmen zu verkaufen, und einer verdächtigen späteren Investition in einen Windpark in Montenegro. Und 2016 griff sie einen chinesischen Medienbericht auf, in dem behauptet wurde, Malta würde Aufenthaltsvisa an wohlhabende chinesische Bürger verkaufen - ohne Fragen zur Quelle der Mittel der Antragsteller.

Aber Caruana Galizia hat das Ende dieser Geschichten nicht erlebt, obwohl ihre Arbeit dazu führte, dass sie in Malta zu wichtigen politischen Themen wurden, was zu mehreren Korruptionsfällen und sogar zu Strafanzeigen gegen Mitglieder der politischen Elite des Landes führte.

Im Oktober 2017, nur wenige Stunden nach der Veröffentlichung eines letzten Blogposts - „Es gibt überall Gauner, wo man jetzt hinschaut“ - warnte Caruana Galizia durch eine Autobombe. Ihre Ermordung löste einen Skandal aus, der Korruption im Herzen der maltesischen Regierung aufdeckte, ihren Premierminister stürzte und Schockwellen in der gesamten Europäischen Union auslöste.

Im Zusammenhang mit dem Mord wurden seitdem drei Personen inhaftiert. In einem Gericht in Valletta sagte einer von ihnen, ein angeheuerter Killer, Caruana Galizia sei getötet worden, weil sie "einige Details" zu einem nicht näher bezeichneten Thema veröffentlichen wollte. Der mutmaßliche Vordenker des Bombenanschlags, der maltesische Tycoon Yorgen Fenech, befandt sich im Gefängnis und wartete auf den Prozess, wurde nun aber wieder freigelassen.

Yorgen Fenech. Photo: Mark Zammit Cordina

Yorgen Fenech

Jetzt sind Journalisten von OCCRP und Partnern einer Spur von Hinweisen gefolgt, die Caruana Galizia von Malta nach China entdeckt hat, wo sie zwei Personen entdeckten, die diese Geschichten, die sie verfolgt hatte, miteinander verbinden - den 17-Korruptionsskandal der Schwarzen, die zweifelhaften Energieverträge und die Residenz Visa-for-Sale-Programm.

"Durch diese Skandale wurde deutlich, dass sie immer wieder zur Beteiligung derselben Personengruppen führen", sagte ihr Sohn Matthew Caruana Galizia gegenüber OCCRP, nachdem er die Ergebnisse der neuen Untersuchung überprüft hatte.

"Es ist ein klarer Hinweis darauf, wie es einigen Einzelpersonen in kürzester Zeit gelungen ist, den gesamten Staatsapparat eines EU-Landes zu übernehmen und ihn zu ihrem eigenen Vorteil in ein Piratenschiff zu verwandeln."
Nachdem Caruana Galizia getötet worden war, rannten Journalisten auf der ganzen Welt, um sich mit den Themen zu befassen, die sie behandelt hatte, darunter 17 Schwarze. Sie hatte wiederholt über das Unternehmen geschrieben und vorgeschlagen, dass es an Spitzenpolitiker gebunden sei, aber es gelang ihr nie, die Behauptung zu beweisen.


Im Jahr 2018 enthüllten Reuters und die Times of Malta, dass 17 Black im Besitz von Fenech war, einem auffälligen lokalen Geschäftsmann mit einem angeblichen Geschmack für Kokain und Rennpferde. Er stand einigen der mächtigsten politischen Persönlichkeiten Maltas nahe - darunter Premierminister Joseph Muscat und sein Stabschef Keith Schembri - und leitete ein Konglomerat, das Teil eines Konsortiums war, das 2013 eine große Konzession für den Bau eines 450-Millionen-Konzerns erhielt. Euro-Kraftwerk.

Fenech benutzte offenbar 17 Black, um Bestechungsgelder an Politiker weiterzuleiten. Die Geschichte zitierte einen kritischen Beweis: eine durchgesickerte E-Mail von 2015, die von der maltesischen Wirtschaftsprüfungsgesellschaft Nexia BT gesendet wurde und besagt, dass 17 Black voraussichtlich bis zu 2 Millionen US-Dollar an Shell-Unternehmen senden wird, die von zwei hochrangigen maltesischen Politikern in Panama gegründet wurden: Schembri und Energieminister Konrad Mizzi.

Was jedoch nicht allgemein berichtet wurde, war, dass in der E-Mail ein anderes mysteriöses Unternehmen als Geldquelle für die Unternehmen von Mizzi und Schembri genannt wurde. Es wurde in der Presse nur als "Macbridge" bezeichnet.

Die 2015 von Nexia BT an die panamaische Anwaltskanzlei Mossack Fonseca gesendete E-Mail über die Gründung von Shell-Unternehmen für Keith Schembri und Konrad Mizzi.

Caruana Galizia hatte sich ebenfalls leise in das Unternehmen eingegraben, nachdem sie 2016 von derselben E-Mail erfahren hatte und von einer Quelle gehört hatte, dass Macbridge und 17 Black laut ihrem Sohn und Aufzeichnungen ihrer Arbeit, die von Reportern gesehen wurden, „entscheidend für die Entschlüsselung des Webs“ waren .

Macbridge war jedoch schwerer zu finden als 17 schwarze und maltesische Beamte, die sich geweigert haben, Fragen zur Existenz des Unternehmens zu beantworten. Als der damalige Finanzminister Edward Scicluna letztes Jahr von einem Reporter gefragt wurde, dem Macbridge gehörte, erwiderte er: "Sehen Sie, wenn Sie sensationell sein wollen, fahren Sie fort." Journalisten glaubten, es handele sich um ein Unternehmen der Vereinigten Arabischen Emirate wie 17 Black, aber dort wurde nie eine Spur davon gefunden.

Dies liegt daran, dass die Wurzeln des Unternehmens tatsächlich auf der halben Welt liegen. OCCRP und seine Berichtspartner haben dies in Hongkong entdeckt. Das Unternehmen ist dort als "Macbridge International Development Co Ltd" registriert, zusammen mit einem chinesischen Namen, der die Zeichen für "Malta" und "China" kombiniert.

Reporter stellten außerdem fest, dass 17 Black Mitte 2016 1 Million Euro an ein anderes Unternehmen in Hongkong, Dow's Media Co Ltd, sandte, das eine sehr ähnliche Struktur und Struktur wie Macbridge aufweist.

Dow’s Media wurde im Oktober 2014, nur wenige Wochen nach Macbridge, unter Verwendung des gleichen in Hongkong ansässigen Formationsagenten und der gleichen registrierten Adressen in Hongkong und Shanghai gegründet. Beide Unternehmen wurden im Januar 2019 innerhalb einer Woche voneinander aufgelöst.

Die Ermittler in Malta suchten 2018 im Rahmen einer Untersuchung zu „möglicher Korruption und Geldwäsche“ nach Einzelheiten zu beiden Unternehmen aus Hongkong und China.

Macbridge und Dow’s Media sind so eingerichtet, dass es schwierig ist festzustellen, wem sie tatsächlich gehören. Sie werden von Shell-Unternehmen auf den Seychellen bzw. den Marshallinseln kontrolliert.

Reporter stellten jedoch fest, dass beide von Vertretern mit familiären Bindungen zu einem Mann geleitet werden: einem chinesischen Berater, der im Mittelpunkt wichtiger Geschäfte mit dem von Maltas Regierung unterstützten Energieversorger Enemalta steht.

Caruana Galizia hatte ausführlich über diesen Mann, Chen Cheng, einen Geschäftsführer der chinesischen Energiesparte des globalen Beratungsunternehmens Accenture, geschrieben. Chen war einer der Hauptakteure bei den Verhandlungen über einen Deal 2014 für Chinas staatseigenes Unternehmen Shanghai Electric Power, ein Drittel von Enemalta zu kaufen.


Das Geschäft hatte einen Wert von 320 Millionen Euro, die größte Auslandsinvestition des Landes, wurde jedoch in Malta und auf dem Blog von Caruana Galizia kritisiert, weil es dem chinesischen Unternehmen zu günstigen Konditionen gewährt hatte.

Accenture hat Shanghai Electric Power bei dem Deal beraten, und Chen hat ihn in den chinesischen Medien als wegweisendes Belt-and-Road-Projekt angepriesen, das vom chinesischen Ministerpräsidenten Li Keqiang gebilligt wurde.

Caruana Galizia berichtete, dass eine Quelle ihr sagte, Chen sei "dem Energieminister Konrad Mizzi besonders nahe", der die Verhandlungen auf maltesischer Seite beaufsichtigte. (Bei einer anschließenden Untersuchung wurden E-Mails zwischen Chen, Mizzi und anderen über einen Plan zur Gründung einer Agentur in China im selben Jahr zur Förderung von Investitionen in Malta aufgedeckt.)

Sie enthüllte auch ein wichtiges Detail über Chen: Als die Wirtschaftsprüfungsgesellschaft Nexia BT Schembri und Mizzi half, Geheimfirmen in Panama zu registrieren, gründete sie auch eine Firma für Chen auf den Britischen Jungferninseln.


Was Daphne jedoch nicht wusste, war, dass Chen im Zusammenhang mit dem Kickback-Skandal, den sie entwirrte, auch mit den Offshore-Unternehmen verbunden war - und mit den Aufenthaltsvisa-Systemen, über die sie seit langem Verdacht hegte.


Macbridge und Dow's Media wurden beide ungefähr zur gleichen Zeit in Hongkong gegründet, als Chen an dem Enemalta-Deal arbeitete, und zwar von zwei seiner Familienmitglieder: Tang Zhaomin, seiner 65-jährigen Schwiegermutter, und Wang Rui, seiner Cousine der Schwiegermutter.

Reporter verfolgten Wang in die ostchinesische Stadt Nanjing, wo sie und Tang eine Firma besitzen, die lokale Niederlassungen der Fast-Food-Kette KFC betreibt.

In einem Telefoninterview sagte sie, Chen habe sie gebeten, Dows Medien zu öffnen, weil die Verbindung zu einem chinesischen Staatsunternehmen es ihm "unpraktisch" machte, dies selbst zu tun. Sie sagte, sie wisse nichts über die Geschäftstätigkeit oder den Erhalt von 1 Million Euro von 17 Black.

Tang konnte nicht für einen Kommentar erreicht werden. Die neuen Beweise, die das von ihr geleitete Unternehmen Macbridge mit ihrem Familienmitglied Chen verbinden, deuten jedoch darauf hin, dass der chinesische Geschäftsmann eine Rolle bei der Weiterleitung von Geldern an die geheimen Panama-Unternehmen Schembri und Mizzi gespielt hat.



Geld von was? Es ist unklar, aber nach der erfolgreichen Investition von Shanghai Electric Power in Enemalta wurde Chen einer der Hauptförderer einer anschließenden Investition von Enemalta 2015 in das Windparkprojekt Mozura in Montenegro.

Laut einer internen Enemalta-Untersuchung hat Accenture diese Investition im Dezember 2014 beraten, wobei Chen Enemalta in einer PowerPoint-Präsentation die Idee vorstellte.

Die Untersuchung warf ernsthafte Bedenken hinsichtlich des Deals auf, bei dem auch Fenech eine Rolle spielte.

Seine 17 Black halfen heimlich dabei, den Kauf einer Mehrheitsbeteiligung an Enemalta im Dezember 2015 für 2,9 Millionen Euro über ein Darlehen an einen Seychellen-Vermittler namens Cifidex Limited zu finanzieren. Das Unternehmen, das Chen in den Deal einbezogen hatte, verkaufte seine Projektanteile nur zwei Wochen später für 10,3 Millionen Euro an Enemalta und erzielte einen enormen Gewinn.

Cifidex hat das Darlehen dann an 17 Black zurückgezahlt, zusammen mit einem Gewinn von 4,6 Millionen Euro aus dem Deal. 17 Black wiederum schickte von Mai bis Juli 2016 ungefähr zur gleichen Zeit 1 Million Euro an Dow's Media.

Obwohl OCCRP keinen endgültigen Beweis dafür gefunden hat, dass dies dasselbe Geld war, deuten die neuen Beweise darauf hin, dass Chen nicht nur an der Erleichterung geheimer Geldflüsse für maltesische Spitzenpolitiker beteiligt war, sondern auch von der 17 Black-Pipeline profitierte.



Ein Sprecher von Enemalta sagte per E-Mail, dass der interne Bericht über das Abkommen zwischen Montenegro und Mozura „an die Polizei weitergeleitet wurde, um bei Ermittlungen behilflich zu sein. Weitere Kommentare zu diesem Zeitpunkt wären unklug. “

In einer Erklärung zu Chens angeblichen Aktivitäten im Zusammenhang mit Energiegeschäften und Offshore-Unternehmen sowie zu seinen offensichtlichen Interessenkonflikten sagte Accenture: „Wir nehmen diese Angelegenheit sehr ernst und prüfen diese Anschuldigungen sorgfältig, da sie sich auf einen unserer Mitarbeiter beziehen. Wir halten uns in jedem Markt, in dem wir tätig sind, an die höchsten ethischen Standards und tolerieren keine Abweichungen von diesen Standards. “ Chen selbst antwortete nicht auf Anfragen nach Kommentaren.

Mizzi sagte per E-Mail, dass er "keine Informationen" über Macbridge oder irgendjemanden habe, der damit verbunden sei, und fügte hinzu, dass er "die Behauptung, dass eine direkte oder sonstige Verbindung besteht", zwischen seinem Unternehmen und Macbridge "konsequent zurückgewiesen" habe.

"Ich lehne auch den Vorschlag ab, Geschäftspläne mit Macbridge zu haben oder ein persönliches Interesse an einem öffentlichen Projekt zu haben", sagte er. "Ich kenne Chen Cheng als Berater, der [Shanghai Electric Power] bei mehreren Initiativen unterstützt, und meine Interaktionen mit ihm fanden in diesem offiziellen Kontext statt."

Schembri antwortete nicht auf eine Bitte um Kommentar. In den letzten Tagen haben maltesische Staatsanwälte ihn, seinen Vater und neun Geschäftspartner, darunter Mitarbeiter von Nexia BT, wegen Betrugs und Geldwäsche in einem nicht verwandten Fall angeklagt.

Chen und seine Schwiegermutter sind nicht nur an Offshore-Unternehmen und Energiegeschäften beteiligt. Reporter stellten fest, dass sie auch Verbindungen zu einem der größten Unternehmen Maltas haben: dem Verkauf von Staatsbürgerschafts- und Aufenthaltsvisa an wohlhabende Ausländer, die die Insel als Hintertür in die Europäische Union nutzen können.

Diese Verbindungen laufen über einen Geschäftsmann aus Shanghai, der den Verkauf von maltesischen Aufenthaltsvisa in China effektiv kontrolliert - über dieselbe Firma, die Caruana Galizia in ihrem Blogbeitrag 2016 hervorgehoben hat.

Zu dieser Zeit hatte sie kaum mehr zu tun als einen einzigen Medienbericht und ein Foto, das eine Unterzeichnungszeremonie für den Start des Malta Residence and Visa-Programms in China zeigt, das von Konrad Mizzis Frau Sai Mizzi Liang geleitet wird. Aber „Instinkt, Erfahrung und die Nase für eine Geschichte“ sagten ihr, dass die Situation mehr zu bieten hatte.



Ein Foto von der Eröffnungsfeier 2016 des MRVP-Programms. Sai Mizzi Liang, die Frau von Konrad Mizzi, steht im Hintergrund, vierte von rechts.
„Der nächste Schritt, der hier unternommen werden muss - bitte, andere Journalisten steigen in diesen ein -, besteht darin, einen Weg zu finden, um die Beteiligungen und Beteiligungen dieses Unternehmens in China zu überprüfen, was sehr schwierig, aber notwendig sein wird. " Sie schrieb.

Caruana Galizia hatte Recht, dass es schwierig ist, Unternehmen in China aufzuspüren. Obwohl das Land über ein Unternehmensregistrierungssystem verfügt, sind die darin enthaltenen Informationen häufig unstrukturiert oder unvollständig und können nur von Personen navigiert werden, die fließend Chinesisch sprechen.

Nach monatelangen Nachforschungen stellten Reporter jedoch fest, dass die Shanghai Overseas Exit-Entry Services Co. Ltd., die die offizielle Konzession für den Verkauf von Visa für maltesische Aufenthaltsgenehmigungen in China besitzt, von einem Geschäftsmann namens Mao Haibin, auch bekannt als Kevin Mao, betrieben wird.

Chinesische Aufzeichnungen zeigen, dass Mao Verbindungen zu Chen und seiner Schwiegermutter hat - der Frau, die Macbridge leitet.

Mao und Chen waren Partner in mindestens zwei Unternehmen, darunter Shanghai Visabao Network Technology Co. Ltd., die in mehreren großen chinesischen Städten tätig ist und chinesischen Bürgern bei der Beschaffung von Visa im Ausland hilft.

Chens Schwiegermutter ist Managerin und Aktionärin einer von Mao kontrollierten Werbeagentur in Shanghai, die wiederum ein wichtiger Sponsor der Veranstaltungen des Malta Residence and Visa Program in China war.

Mao, der nicht auf Anfragen nach Kommentaren geantwortet hat, hat mehrere andere Geschäftsinteressen im Zusammenhang mit der Erleichterung chinesischer Investitionen im Ausland - und speziell in Malta.




Aldo Cutajar (zweiter von rechts) und Mao Haibin (ganz rechts) sind bei einem Treffen im Jahr 2018 in den Büros von Shanghai Bangyi zu sehen, einem von Mao kontrollierten Unternehmen.

In den letzten Jahren hat er eine wichtige Rolle bei Maltas Bemühungen gespielt, wohlhabende chinesische Staatsangehörige für sein Visa-Verkaufsprogramm zu gewinnen. Er trat bei mehreren Veranstaltungen in Shanghai auf, um für das Programm zu werben, zusammen mit hochrangigen maltesischen Vertretern wie John Aquilina, Maltas Botschafter in China, und Aldo Cutajar, Maltas ehemaligem Generalkonsul in Shanghai. Einige dieser Veranstaltungen beinhalteten aufwendige Bankette, an denen hochrangige maltesische Diplomaten teilnahmen, mit zahlreichen warmen Zeugnissen über Maltas Status als „Schlüsselknoten“ in Chinas „Seidenstraße“.

Die maltesische Staatsbürgerschaftsbranche wurde jedoch kontrovers diskutiert. Im August 2020 wurde Aldo Cutajar von den maltesischen Behörden festgenommen und beschuldigt, illegal vom Verkauf von Visa in China profitiert und den Erlös gewaschen zu haben. Bei einer Durchsuchung seines Hauses fanden sie mehr als 540.000 Euro in bar und vier Rolex-Uhren. Im folgenden Monat wurde Schembri ebenfalls verhaftet, weil er angeblich Rückschläge vom Verkauf maltesischer Pässe an wohlhabende Russen erhalten hatte.

Mao hat mehrere andere Visa- und Immobilienunternehmen, die sich an wohlhabende chinesische Bürger richten, die im Ausland investieren möchten. Einige davon überschneiden sich mit seiner Arbeit, maltesische Aufenthaltsgenehmigungen zu verkaufen. Dazu gehören Shanghai Bangyi, ein Unternehmen für Visa- und Einwanderungsdienste, und Grandstone Investment, das Vermögensverwaltungsdienste für chinesische Staatsangehörige anbietet, die Geld ins Ausland transferieren möchten.

Die Website bietet ein Portal für direkte Anträge auf das Malta Residence and Visa Program. Er ist sogar Miteigentümer eines maltesischen Unternehmens, Asiatica Corporate Services Ltd, zusammen mit Mizzis persönlichem Anwalt, Aron Mifsud Bonnici, der auch eine Rolle bei der Aushandlung der Windparkinvestitionen von Enemalta spielte. Auf Fragen antwortete Mifsud Bonnici, er kenne Mao “in seiner Eigenschaft als CEO der Shanghai Overseas Exit Entry Services” und habe in seiner Rolle als Anwalt Visumanträge über offizielle Einwanderungssysteme bearbeitet. Mifsud Bonnici sagte, Asiatica sei eröffnet worden, um Visumantragstellern Unternehmensdienstleistungen anzubieten, habe aber nie ein Geschäft generiert. “Daher hat es nie funktioniert und steht jetzt vor der Liquidation”, sagte er.

Er sagte, er kenne Chen als Berater von Shanghai Electric Power und habe ihn “einige Zeit nach meiner Amtszeit als Enemalta-Vorstandssekretär” getroffen. Im Jahr 2019 gründete Maos jüngerer Bruder Mao Haichun zwei maltesische Unternehmen zusammen mit Roderick Cutajar, dem ehemaligen Leiter der Malta Residence Visa Agency, die den weltweiten Verkauf von Aufenthaltsvisa überwacht. Eines ihrer Joint Ventures verkauft seinen Wohnsitz in Malta und anderen europäischen Ländern an chinesische und internationale Käufer. Das andere ist ein verbundenes Immobilienunternehmen. Roderick Cutajar sagte Reportern, dass die Visafirma immVest nicht mit Mao Haibins Shanghai Overseas Entry Exit Service Ltd. verbunden ist.

“Meine Beziehung ist ausschließlich mit immVest International”, sagte er. “Darüber hinaus können Sie sicher sein, dass ich weder mit Aldo Cutajar, Chen Cheng noch mit Macbridge eine persönliche oder geschäftliche Beziehung habe.” In einer Rede, die im Januar dieses Jahres in chinesischen Videoblogs veröffentlicht wurde, äußerte sich Roderick Cutajar lyrisch über Maltas Bestreben, weiterhin chinesisches Kapital und neue Bürger anzuziehen. Er behauptete, China über 40 Mal besucht zu haben und sagte, das Geschäft boomte.

“Unsere Absicht ist es, weiter zu wachsen”, sagte er.

In einer Welt außerhalb Chinas trauert die Familie von Caruana Galizia immer noch um ihren Verlust und sucht nach Gerechtigkeit. Matthew Caruana Galizia sagte, seine Mutter wäre über die neuen Informationen über das Nest der Unternehmen, die sie untersucht hatte, zufrieden gewesen. „Die neuen Enthüllungen bestätigen, was sie wusste und versucht hatte, andere zu erkennen – dass die kriminelle Verstrickung politischer und geschäftlicher Interessen ein wesentliches bestimmendes Problem unserer Zeit ist. Korruption kostet Leben, genauso wie es meine Mutter kostet “, sagte er. “Ich denke, wenn sie am Leben wäre, um dies zu sehen, würde sie ein Gefühl der Erleichterung empfinden, dass ihre Arbeit bestätigt wird und dass sie in ihrem Kampf nicht allein ist.”

Berlin Murder – New Intel On FSB Involvement Exposed

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  • In a series of investigations in 2019 and 2020, Bellingcat, along with its investigative partners The Insider and Der Spiegel, identified the person suspected in the August 2019 assassination of Georgian asylum seeker Zelimkhan Khangoshvili in Berlin. The suspected assassin, who traveled to Berlin under the name of Vadim Sokolov, a Russian citizen, was arrested by Berlin police shortly after the killing and is currently on trial at the Berlin appellate court (Kammergericht).
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Colombia Sentences Guerilla Killer of 3 El Comercio Journalists to 29 Years in Prison

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Colombia Identifies Bodies Of Murdered El Comercio Staff | News | teleSUR  English

A Colombian court tracked down an individual from a guerilla bunch blameworthy of taking part in the abducting and the homicide of a writer team and sent him in the slammer for almost 29 years, the country’s Prosecution Office reported.

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In Berlin Putin’s Deputy Kadyrov Terrorizes Chechen Refugees

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Germany has a populace of a huge number of Chechens. The greater part of them have shown up in the course of recent years looking for refuge. Meduza has distributed a report on how Chechens endeavor getting to the European Union by intersection the line among Belarus and Poland. At Meduza’s solicitation, Dmitry Vachedin, a columnist presently dwelling in Germany, has examined the existence of Berlin’s Chechen people group and learned of an outfitted posse, the individuals from which undermine their comrades with death for indecent lead.

On a late September evening in 2016, bare photos of twenty-year-old Madina* were messaged as once huge mob from her taken cellphone to each individual on her contact list. After an hour, the telephone rang in her loft in a calm private piece of Berlin.

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How Russia Goes After Its Critics & Citizens Abroad

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When it comes to carrying out repressions, the Russian government’s reach isn’t limited by its own borders. The Kremlin is known for going after perceived enemies abroad — especially former “insiders” and members of the political opposition. In recent years, high-profile assassinations linked to Russian agents have made headlines around the world, and Moscow has developed a reputation for abusing the Interpol notice system.

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Ramzan Kadyrov – The Golden Gun – A Witness On The Run Out Of Chechnya

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Suleiman Gezmakhmaev – “I Served in the Chechen Police and Didn’t Want to Kill People.”

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Wedding in the Caucasus: The US Ambassador Learns that Cognac Is Like Wine  - DER SPIEGEL
Ramzan Kadyrov

On Monday, March 15, the paper Novaya Gazeta distributed a report by columnist Elena Milashina, named “I Served in the Chechen Police and Didn’t Want to Kill People.” The story highlights disclosures from Suleiman Gezmakhmaev, a previous official in Chechnya’s Akhmat Kadyrov Police Patrol Service Regiment, about how his unit executed a few local people in mid 2017. He says he helped capture and investigate a portion of these individuals, however he denies taking part in their torment and murder. Prior to distributing Gezmakhmaev’s story, Novaya Gazeta and its accomplices encouraged him and his family escape Russia. In the article, Milashina portrays in detail how she associated with Gezmakhmaev, what he did in the Chechen police, how the executions occurred, and which job high-positioning police authorities supposedly played in the killings.

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Proof – Marian Kočner, Suspected Murderer Of Slovak Journalist Jan Kuciak Controlled Judges

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Ján Kuciak, a youthful Slovak insightful columnist who was killed three years prior, never made quick work of what might have been the greatest story of his life.

Since quite a while ago receptive to monetary misrepresentation and defilement, he was intently following the doings of Marian Kočner, a reckless money manager who much of the time showed up on TV and in the sensationalist newspapers to boast about his manors and sports vehicles.

In 2017, Kuciak had gone over Kočner’s most recent plan: an endeavor to get an adjudicator to grant him almost 70 million euros from the coffers of a mainstream TV slot on the rear of deceitful archives.

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FBI Shows How Azerbaijan Sabotaged Investigation Into Journalist’s Death

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Azeri leader orders swift probe into journalist's death

The murderer ?

Darkness had fallen on the Azerbaijani capital of Baku when investigative journalist Elmar Huseynov arrived home from work on March 2, 2005. It wasn’t uncommon for Huseynov to stay at the offices of The Monitor, the magazine he edited, until after sundown.

The stairwell was especially dark that evening because a light above his apartment door wasn’t working. As Huseynov made his way to the third floor, an assassin armed with a semi-automatic pistol emerged out of the darkness above him. Seven shots rang out. Six bullets found their target. The fatal one pierced the top left-hand side of Huseynov’s chest, ripping through blood vessels and puncturing a lung.

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TOP SECRET DOCUMENT – The Director Of National Intelligence About The Saudi Journalist Murder

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Rights groups demand justice on anniversary of Khashoggi murder
Jamal Khashoggi

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Doctor At Omsk Clinic Who Treated Navalny Has Surrendered

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The appointee head doctor at the Omsk clinic that quickly treated resistance figure Alexey Navalny in August has surrendered “for individual reasons,” as per the news office RIA Novosti. Anatoly Kalinichenko told the site Ngs55.ru that his choice to take an occupation somewhere else is unopinionated and due basically to the way that he’d developed worn out on managerial work. He simply needs to re-visitation of medical procedure, he says.

Navalny was hospitalized at Kalinichenko’s office on August 20 after his departure from Tomsk to Moscow made a crisis arrival in Omsk. While he stayed at the Omsk clinic until the night of August 21, Kalinichenko was the essential wellspring of data for writers giving an account of Navalny’s ailment.

Kalinichenko was one of the medical clinic authorities who asserted that specialists found no hints of toxin in Navalny’s framework and contended that the legislator’s delicate state forestalled his prompt exchange to a superior prepared facility in Berlin.

Deadly – The Chilling Way Vladimir Putin Deals With His Enemies

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“The Russian state goes after enemies, traitors, opponents, critics, journalists,” Buzzfeed News’ Heidi Blake told InsideEdition.com. The results are chilling, and often deadly. Blake is the author of “From Russia, With Blood: the Kremlin’s Ruthless Assassination Program and Vladimir Putin’s Secret War on the West.” Her investigative team found Russian links to over a dozen mysterious deaths on English soil, including that of exiled oligarch Boris Berezovsky.

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Mutmasslich Tödliche Falle der STASI-GoMoPa für Mich

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Kriminalität in der DDR: Geheimsache Mord: Wie die Stasi Verbrechen  vertuschte - Seite 0 - Reportageseite - Tagesspiegel

Sehr geehrter Herr Bernd Pulch,

die krimin. Enteignung durch SED/Stasi meines Eigentums mit Betrug, Filegrundstück in Weißig, hat das Landgericht Dresden mich parteriloser Arbeiter Rehabilitiert,Beschluss BSRH 128/11 v. 30.7.12 mit Haftbefehlaufhebung RS II 113/86 wegen Rechtsstaatswidrigkeit.

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Nawalny Aus Koma Geweckt – Deutsch-Russisches Verhältnis Am Boden

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Sein Zustand verbessert sich und er ist wieder ansprechbar: Berliner Ärzte haben den Kremlkritiker Alexej Nawalny aus dem künstlichen Koma geholt. Sein Fall hat inzwischen hohe Wellen geschlagen.

Nawalny Vergiftet: Statement Von Maas Und Kramp-Karrenbauer Zum Vorfall

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Seit mehreren Tagen befindet sich der russische Kreml-Kritiker Alexej Nawalny in der Berliner Charité. Er war dorthin mit Symptomen einer Vergiftung gekommen. Nun gibt es laut Bundesregierung einen “zweifelsfreien Nachweis” für eine Vergiftung mit einem chemischen Nervenkampfstoff aus der Nowitschok-Gruppe. Das erklärte Regierungssprecher Steffen Seibert. Ein Speziallabor der Bundeswehr habe eine toxikologische Untersuchung anhand von Proben durchgeführt. Hierbei sei die Vergiftung nachgewiesen worden.

Mögliche Sanktionen Gegen Russland – Navalny-Ärzte Suchen Hilfe Bei Novichok-Forschern

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Hilferuf an Bundeswehr - Charité geht von Nervengift-Anschlag auf Nawalny aus - Politik Inland - Bild.de
Deutschlands Außenminister Heiko Maas sagte, Berlin sei bereit, diplomatische Sanktionen gegen Russland einzuführen, wenn sich herausstellen würde, dass die russischen Behörden hinter der Vergiftung des Oppositionspolitikers Alexey Navalny stecken, berichtet Reuters.

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Charité: Kreml-Kritiker Nawalny Mit Cholinesterase-Hemmer Vergiftet

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Die Ärzte der Berliner Charité haben die Wirkung eines Giftstoffs in Alexei Nawalnys Körper nachgewiesen und vermuten, dass der russische Oppositionelle mit einem Cholinesterase-Hemmer vergiftet worden ist. Sie behandeln Nawalny mit dem Gegenmittel Atropin. Wie stark sein Nervensystem geschädigt ist, sei noch nicht klar. Spätfolgen schließen die Charité-Mediziner nicht aus. In einer schriftlichen Erklärung teilten sie zudem mit, dass Alexej Nawalnys Gesundheitszustand nach wie vor ernst sei, es bestehe aber keine akute Lebensgefahr. Der bekannte Kreml-Kritiker wird seit Samstag im Berliner Klinikum Charité behandelt, nachdem er am Donnerstag ins Koma gefallen war. Den Ärzten, die Nawalny zuerst in der russischen Stadt Omsk versorgten, vertraute sein Umfeld nicht. Denn Gift hätten die Ärzte bei Blutanalysen nicht gefunden.

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Die Toxischen-Anschläge Auf Putin-Gegner Im Überblick

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Die beiden Freundinnen und ihr Giftmord (Archiv)

Diese Liste ist derzeit aktuell aber nicht vollständig. Da viele Anschläge nicht bekannt werden – aus den unterschiedlichsten Gründen.

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Video – Boris Nemzow – Tod An Der Kremlmauer

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Am 27. Februar 2015 ereignete sich der Mord an dem russischen Oppositionspolitiker Boris Nemzow. Die Welle der Empörung und Anteilnahme nach der Ermordung war sowohl in Russland als auch im Ausland hoch. Russlands Präsident Putin versprach umgehende Aufklärung. Was ist seitdem passiert, und was weiß man heute über die Drahtzieher des Mordes?

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Spur Nach Moskau – Warum Musste Litwinenko Sterben

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“2006 starb in London der ehemalige KGB-Offizier Alexander Litwinenko an einer Vergiftung durch radioaktives Polonium. Indizien deuten auf den russischen Geheimdienst als Auftraggeber. In einem öffentlichen Anhörungsverfahren in London wurden in den letzten Monaten viele Details des Polonium-Mordes bekannt.

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Todkranker Kreml-Kritiker Alexej Nawalny in Berlin eingetroffen – Video

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Der womöglich vergiftete russische Kremlkritiker Alexej Nawalny ist zur medizinischen Behandlung in Berlin eingetroffen. Ein Spezialflug mit dem im Koma liegenden Oppositionellen sei am Samstag gelandet, sagte eine Sprecherin des 44-Jährigen. Jaka Bizilj von der Organisation Cinema For Peace, die den Transport Nawalnys aus einem Krankenhaus in der sibirischen Stadt Omsk organisiert hatte, bestätigte: «Nawalny ist in Berlin».

Continue reading “Todkranker Kreml-Kritiker Alexej Nawalny in Berlin eingetroffen – Video”

AGAIN: A MURDER THREAT FOR THE PUBLICATION OF THE STASI LISTS WITH CLEAR NAMES

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Hello Bernd Pulch,

You know very well about Toxdat.

Then, according to the theory, it is time for practical experience.

A loyal reader

Annotation:

Toxdat is the murder study of the GDR by GDR murder expert Ehrenfried Stelzer, bosom friend of RA Resch, business friend of Resch and co-founder of GoMoPa.

The study describes how people can be murdered without the murder being discovered.

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WIEDER EINMAL: MORD-DROHUNG WG PUBLIKATION DER STASI-LISTEN MIT KLARNAMEN

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Hallo Bernd Pulch,

Du weisst ja bestens über Toxdat Bescheid.

Na dann wird es nach der Theorie Zeit für die Erfahrung in der Praxis.

Ein treuer Leser

Anmerkung:

Toxdat ist die Mordstudie der DDR vom DDR-Mordexperten Ehrenfried Stelzer, Busenfreund von RA Resch, Geschäftsfreund von Resch und Mitgründer von GoMoPa.

Die Studie schildert, wie Personen ermordet werden können, ohne dass der Mord entdeckt wird.

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Murdered – Dorothy Kilgallen killed After She Discovered WHO The Kennedy Assassins Were

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Author and former criminal defense attorney, Mark Shaw, speaks about his book “The Reporter Who Knew Too Much” and its follow-up, “Denial of Justice.” Each chronicle not only his 12 years of research but most importantly, the life and times and mysterious death of What’s My Line? TV star and crack investigative reporter Dorothy Kilgallen and her 18-month investigation of the Dallas tragedies which included being the only reporter to interview Jack Ruby at his trial. Shaw also discusses his controversial exposure of the most important JFK assassination documents in history, the Jack Ruby trial transcripts.

#DorothyKilgallen #JFK #JackRuby #OnStageAPL #AllenTexas https://www.AllenLibrary.org

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The murder of journalist Daphne Caruana Galizia: Malta’s shame

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The assassination in Malta of investigative journalist Daphne Caruana Galizia in October 2017 put the island in the headlines. John Sweeney, who reported on the story for Newsnight in the immediate aftermath, has been back to Malta to look into the stories Caruana Galizia was covering before her death and to speak to Malta’s Prime Minister Joseph Muscat.

Report – Five sentenced to death over Jamal Khashoggi’s murder

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Saudi Arabia’s public prosecutor says five people have been sentenced to death and three have been handed life sentences, over the murder of Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi. The trial, held at the Criminal Court of Riyadh, took place behind closed doors and the identities of the defendants have not been released. Khashoggi was murdered in the Saudi consulate in Istanbul last year. Crown Prince, Mohammad Bin Salman (MBS) says he had no prior knowledge of the operation.

Live Video of Murder of Putins Critic Voronenkov

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Grausame Menschenversuche im Kalten Krieg – FILM

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Heinz Gerlachs “Erben” – GoMoPa, Medard Fuchsgruber und mutmasslich Rainer von Holst & Thomas Bremer – Cui bono ?

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Es hat lange gedauert, aber nun ist das Rätsel wohl gelöst: Wer profitiert von Gerlachs Tod ?

  • GoMoPa konnte die eigene Position massiv ausbauen
  • Medard Fuchsgruber übernahm die DFI-Seite
  • Rainer von Holst, Doreen Trampe (Ex-GoMoPa) und Pierre Gersöne stecken mutmasslich hinter der anonymen Webseite gerlachreport.com
  • Thomas Bremer mit seinem Blog-Netzwerk im “Tal der Ahnungslosen” (DDR-Witz) zu Leipzig

In Kürze mehr…

 

Heinz Gerlach, Heinz Gerlach Halle, Heinz Gerlach Akkordeon, Heinz Gerlach Aschaffenburg, Heinz Gerlach Bad Arolsen, Heinz Gerlach Medien Ag, Heinz Gerlach Durchbruch Bei Stalingrad, Dekan Heinz Gerlach, Heinz-dieter Gerlach, Heinz Gerlach Tanzende Finger, Heinz Gerlach Frankfurt, Heinz Gerlach Flachsmeer, Ferienwohnung Heinz Gerlach Zingst, Heinz Gerlach Halle, Karl Heinz Gerlach, Heinz Gerlach Komponist, Karl Heinz Gerlach Biebertal, Heinz Gerlach Halle Karneval, Karl-heinz Gerlach Langenhagen, Karl Heinz Gerlach Herzberg, Heinz Gerlach Licht & Sound, Karl-heinz Gerlach Langenhagen, Heinz Gerlach Niederstotzingen, Tanzende Finger Gerlach Heinz Noten, Heinz Gerlach Obernau, Heinz Gerlach Offenbach, Heinz Gerlach Pfarrer, Heinz Gerlach Stalingrad, Heinz Gerlach Schrobenhausen, Heinz Gerlach Sulingen, Heinz Gerlach Licht & Sound, Heinz Schulze Gerlach, Heinz Gerlach Durchbruch Bei Stalingrad, Heinz Gerlach Tanzende Finger, Heinz Gerlach Tot, Heinz Gerlach Winterberg, Karl Heinz Gerlach Wegberg, Heinz Gerlach Zingst, Ferienwohnung Heinz Gerlach Zingst

 

The Polonium plot: The Litvinenko Murder revealed

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In the aftermath of a British Public Inquiry, this is the dramatic full story of how the Russian State was involved in the radioactive poisoning murder in London of Alexander Litvinenko, a former KGB agent.

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EXPOSED – RSF SUPPORTS LAWSUIT ACCUSING ASSAD REGIME OF MURDERING AMERICAN JOURNALIST MARIE COLVIN

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Marie Colvin

Dear members, Dear friends,

In 2012, President Bashar al-Assad’s government deliberately murdered US reporter Marie Colvin in Syria.

Reporters Without Borders (RSF) and other organizations filed a lawsuit in a federal court with significant evidence of the direct responsibility of Syrian government officials for Colvin’s death in a Syrian army bombardment in Homs on 22 February 2012.

Marie Colvin, who was reporting for the London Sunday Times, was killed along with French photographer Rémi Ochlik while French reporter Edith Bouvier, Syrian media defender Wael al-Omar and British photographer Paul Conroy were wounded in the same bombardment.

We now know that these journalists were targeted and killed because they were providing information about the Syrian army’s crimes against civilians.

Together, let us stand to end Impunity for crimes against journalists.

Delphine Halgand
US Director

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Film – Griff nach der Freiheit – Der Aufstand vom 17 Juni 1953

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Exposed – Putin ordered Litvinenko’s murder after he accused Russian President of being a PAEDOPHILE

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Russian President Vladimir Putin and Prince Albert II of Monaco visiting Republic of Tuva

Vladamir Putin may have ordered the murder of Alexander Litvinenko after he claimed the Russian President was a practising paedophile, it was revealed.

Mr Litvinenko accused his rival of abusing children just weeks before two assassins slipped radioactive polonium 210 into his cup of tea in a London hotel in October 2006.

The former Russian spy, who joined MI6, wrote in an article: ‘He (Putin) was a paedophile’ and said a picture of the president kissing the stomach of a young boy near the Kremlin was the evidence.

Describing the incident on the Chechenpress website in July 2006 he said: ‘Putin kneeled, lifted the boy’s T-shirt and kissed his stomach. Nobody can understand why the Russian president did such a strange thing as kissing the stomach of an unfamiliar small boy’.

Litvinenko also taunted Putin by claiming a film of him abusing young boys existed.

Sir Robert Owen said in a major report on his murder that Mr Putin ‘probably’ ordered it and admitted Litvinenko’s ‘highly personal attacks’ may be a motive for his death.

Alexander Litvinenko, pictured shortly before his 2006 death, accused the Russian president of involvement in his killing while on his death bed in London

 

 

 

Feud: Alexander Litvinenko accused his rival of abusing children and said a picture of Putin kissing a boy’s stomach (right) proved it  just weeks before two assassins slipped radioactive polonium 210 into his cup of tea in a London hotel in October 2006

 

 

Controversy: Litvinenko used this meeting between Vladimir Putin and a young boy on June 28, 2006 on Moscow’s Kremlin Cathedral Square as evidence the Russian leader is a pedophile

He said: ‘It hardly needs saying that the allegations made by Mr Litvinenko against President Putin in this article were of the most serious nature. Could they have had any connection with his death?’

Sir Robert admitted there were ‘several reasons’ why Russia wanted him dead – enough to target him on British soil.

His sensational report has sparked an international diplomatic row between Britain and Russia ignited today after an independent probe into the killing of Alexander Litvinenko said President Putin had ‘probably’ personally authorised the 2006 killing.

David Cameron, pictured today at the World Economic Forum in Davos, has condemned the 'appalling' murder but admitted he still needs to work with Russia

 

 

David Cameron has condemned the ‘appalling’ murder but admitted he still needs to work with Russia

Mr Litvinenko – who had accused the Russian president on his death bed – was killed by two FSB spies who slipped radioactive polonium 210 into his tea pot at a Mayfair hotel in central London, Sir Robert Owen said today in a major report.

Prime Minister David Cameron today said the report outlined what happened was ‘absolutely appalling’ but he admitted the Syria crisis meant Britain had to have a relationship with Russia albeit one with ‘clear eyes and a cold heart’.

Mr Cameron said the last Labour government had reacted properly to the killing in 2007 once the ‘state sponsored nature of the assassination had become clear.

He said the Government had done the right thing today by ensuring Interpol warrants were in place the assassins and freezing their UK assets.

But as the war of words escalated, a spokesman for Putin said ‘such a quasi-investigation such as the one being talked about today undoubtedly is able only to still further poison the atmosphere of our bilateral relations’.

Mr Litvinenko’s widow Marina urged Britain to impose sanctions on Russia has a result of the findings which today prompted the Russian Ambassador to claim there had been a ‘whitewash’ to cover up the ‘incompetence’ of the UK’s security services.

Ambassador Alexander Yakovenko said it was ‘unacceptable’ for Britain to link Russia to a state-sponsored assassination.

 

 
 
 
Today's public inquiry concluded Andrei Lugovoi, pictured, did kill Alexander Litvinenko with Polonium in London - probably on the orders of President Putin

 

Today's public inquiry concluded Dmitry Kovtun,  pictured, did kill Alexander Litvinenko with Polonium in London - probably on the orders of President Putin

 

 

Sir Robert’s inquiry named Andrei Lugovoi, left, and Dmitri Kovtun, right, as the two men responsible for carrying out the orders to kill Litvinenko by slipping radioactive polonium into a teapot

In his report, inquiry chairman Sir Robert today said he was ‘sure’ two assassins Andrei Lugovoi and Dmitri Kovtun placed the polonium ‘into the teapot’ knowing it would kill their target.

The extraordinary 320 page report provoked fast moving developments throughout the day.

THE MAN WHO STARTED TODAY’S WAR OF WORDS: SIR ROBERT OWEN SPENT A YEAR INVESTIGATING ALEXANDER LITVINENKO’S DEATH

Sir Robert Owen today ignited a war of words between Britain and Russia with his bombshell conclusion President Putin had ‘probably’ personally ordered the killing of Alexander Litvinenko.

A former High Court judge, Sir Robert was first handed the Litvinenko file as an assistant coroner for North London.

His inquiry at the High Court heard seven months and was completed in almost exactly a year.

Despite repeated requests, Sir Robert was not able to hear evidence from either of the two men he named today as assassins.

But he did hear from the family of Mr Litvinenko and a string of expert witnesses as he built a picture of what happened and why.

Testimony was given on the potency of polonium 210, Mr Litvinenko’s treatement after he was poisoned and statements made by the alleged assassins in Russia.

  • The report found Mr Litvinenko was deliberately poisoned by others – namely Andrei Lugovoi and Dmitri Kovtun.
  • It is a strong probability that Mr Lugovoi poisoned Mr Litvinenko under the direction of Moscow’s FSB intelligence service. Mr Kovtun was also acting under FSB direction, possibly indirectly through Mr Lugovoi but probably to his knowledge.
  • The FSB operation to kill Mr Litvinenko was probably approved by then-FSB chief Nikolai Patrushev and also by Russian President Vladimir Putin.
  • The report prompted an immediate reaction from Marina, Mr Litvinenko’s widow, who demanded sanctions and the expulsion of all Russian spies from London.
  • Theresa May said the killing was a breach of international law and told MPs the Russian Ambassador would be summoned to the Foreign Office.
  • But following the meeting, Ambassador Yakovenko blasted the report as a ‘whitewash’ which was covering up British ‘incompetence’.
  • Prime Minister David Cameron intervened in Davos, telling reporters the ‘appalling’ findings of the report confirmed what ministers had believed since 2007 – that the Kremlin had ordered an assassination on the streets of London. He said the necessary relationship between Britain and Russia would be continued with ‘clear eyes and a very cold heart.
  • Moscow reacted with derision as a spokesman for President Putin dismissed the report as an example of ‘subtle British humour’ that would do nothing but ‘poison’ bilateral relations.

Following the publication of report, Mrs Litvinenko said: ‘The chairman found as a fact and to a high degree of probability that the FSB directed Mr Lugovoi and Mr Kovtun to murder Sasha and also found as a fact that both Vladimir Putin and Nikolai Patrushev, director of the FSB at the time, personally approved the assassination.’

She told waiting journalists outside the High Court that Mr Cameron should now expel all Russian agents from London and impose economic sanctions on Russia.

 ‘This report confirms what we’ve always believed, and what the last Labour government believed at the time of this dreadful murder, which is it was state sponsored action.’
David Cameron reacting to the public inquiry into the killing of Alexander Litvinenko today

She continued: ‘I’m, of course, very pleased that the words my husband spoke on his deathbed when he accused Mr Putin of his murder have been proved true in an English court with the high standards of independency (sic) and fairness.

‘But now it is time for David Cameron. I’m calling immediately for expulsion from the UK of all Russian intelligence operatives … based at the London embassy.

‘I’m also calling for the position of targeted economic sanctions and travel bans against named individuals including Mr Patrushev and Mr Putin.’

Speaking in Davos, the Prime Minister said: ‘What happened was absolutely appalling and this report confirms what we’ve always believed, and what the last Labour government believed at the time of this dreadful murder, which is it was state sponsored action.’

He said Britain’s actions in 2007 had continued, adding the relationship with Russia was ‘tough’.

Mrs Litvinenko, speaking on the steps of the High Court in London today, called for the expulsion of all Russian spies from London following the public inquiry 

 

Mrs Litvinenko, speaking on the steps of the High Court in London today, called for the expulsion of all Russian spies from London following the public inquiry

RADIOACTIVE TRAIL ACROSS EUROPE…

Following one of the most extensive criminal investigations in British history – and a £2.25million inquiry – the Mail here lays bare a blow-by-blow account of how the state-sponsored assassination of Alexander Litvinenko unfolded.

October 2004

Sir Robert Owen believes Andrei Lugovoi may have started plotting when the pair met in London to discuss a ‘business proposal’. By then Mr Litvinenko was being paid £2,000 a month by MI6 to pass information about organised gangs linked to senior Kremlin figures.

October 16, 2006

Mr Litvinenko travels by bus to an office in Mayfair for a meeting in the boardroom of security firm Erinys. He meets consultant Tim Reilly, along with Russians Lugovoi and Dmitry Kovtun, who had flown to London that morning from Moscow. They are carrying a vial of polonium-210 from a Russian nuclear reactor. They attempt to kill Litvinenko by spraying a small amount of polonium-210 into his cup. Sir Robert concluded that Lugovoi and Kovtun ‘knew they were using a deadly poison’ and intended to kill Litvinenko, but did not know precisely what the poison was.

The assassination fails as Litvinenko does not take a sip. A month later the green baize tablecloth is still contaminated with radiation. After the meeting they go for lunch at Itsu in Piccadilly, which is contaminated.

 

 

October 17

The assassins move to the Parkes Hotel in Knightsbridge, which they also contaminate. Once again they meet Mr Litvinenko, but do not try to poison him.

October 18

Lugovoi and Kovtun fly back to Moscow from Gatwick, contaminating the plane with radiation.

October 19

Mr Litvinenko makes a speech publicly blaming Vladimir Putin for the murder of a Russian journalist.

October 25

After an almost certain rebuke, Lugovoi returns to London, contaminating the aircraft.

October 26

He meets a contact called Badri Patarkatsishvili, a wealthy Georgian, and contaminates his car. He is visited by Mr Litvinenko at his hotel, the Sheraton Park Lane, where radiation is also later found. They met the following day before he returned to Moscow on a BA flight.

October 28

Kovtun flies from Moscow to Hamburg, where he visits his ex-wife. Traces of radiation are later found in her flat as well as locations including his mother-in-law’s home.

October 31

Lugovoi arrives in London with his family on a BA plane that also tests positive for polonium. They were ostensibly visiting to watch CSKA Moscow football club play at Arsenal’s ground.

November 1

Kovtun arrives in London, meets Lugovoi and they start planning their assassination attempt by luring Mr Litvinenko to central London. Lugovoi calls Mr Litvinenko and suggests a meeting at the Pine Bar in the Millennium Hotel.

Litvinenko takes a bus from his home in Muswell Hill, north London, then a Tube to Piccadilly Circus where he has a 3pm lunch with his associate Mario Scaramella.

He fields calls from an increasingly irate Lugovoi. By this stage the killers have ordered three teas, three gin and tonics, one straight gin, one champagne cocktail, one Romeo y Julieta cigar No 1, and some green tea. The bill is £70.60.

Moments before Mr Litvinenko arrives, some polonium is sprayed from a vial into the pot of green tea and this time he does drink some.

Before leaving, Lugovoi returns to the bar with his eight-year-old son Igor. Lugovoi introduced him to Mr Litvinenko and Igor shakes his contaminated hand.

Mr Litvinenko’s teapot gave off readings of 100,000 becquerels per centimetre squared – 10,000 ingested is enough to kill someone. The biggest reading came from the spout. Their table registered 20,000 becquerels. There were traces on bottles of Martini and Tia Maria behind the bar, the ice-cream scoop and a chopping board. After putting the poison in Mr Litvinenko’s teapot, Kovtun goes to his room and tips the rest of the liquid solution down his bathroom sink. At 5.20pm Mr Litvinenko gets a lift home from his friend Akhmed Zakayev. Mr Litvinenko later falls violently ill.

November 4

Mr Litvinenko admitted to Barnet General Hospital, north London, under his pseudonym Edwin Redwald Carter.

November 17

Medics transfer him to University College Hospital, where he is placed under armed police guard.

November 20

The polonium starts to take hold and he suffers weight and hair loss. Scotland Yard’s counter-terrorism unit begins investigation.

November 22

Litvinenko has a heart attack in the night.

November 23

He dies and Scotland Yard launch a major operation and London is put on lockdown as chemical experts try to clear up radiation. Scotland Yard detectives were dispatched to Moscow in search of evidence but repeatedly obstructed.

He added: ‘We must now read the report in its entirety and take everything into account but be in no doubt, this shocking event was reacted to years ago when it happened and we are toughening our action again today.’

The Prime Minister said he was not ruling out further punitive action against Russia but links could not be severed.

‘Do we at some level have to go on having some sort of relationship with them because we need a solution to the Syria crisis?,’ he said.

‘Yes, we do but we do it with clear eyes and a very cold heart.’

Putin spokesman Dmitry Peskov said that ‘such a quasi-investigation such as the one being talked about today undoubtedly is able only to still further poison the atmosphere of our bilateral relations.’

Mr Peskov said the report ‘cannot be accepted by us as a verdict.’

But speaking to MPs in the House of Commons, British Home Secretary Theresa May condemned a ‘blatant breach of the fundamental tenets of international law’ – but she admitted the findings were not a surprise and announced few new measures in response.

Mrs May said the findings were ‘deeply disturbing’ and added it was a ‘blatant and unacceptable breach of the most fundamental tenets of international law’.

But she warned: ‘But we have to accept this does not come as a surprise.’

Russian Ambassador Mr Yakovenko, summoned to meet Europe Minister David Lidington, said: ‘I told him we consider the Litvinenko case and the way it was disposed of a blatant provocation of the British authorities.

‘Second, we will never accept anything arrived at in secret and based on evidence not heard in open court of law.

‘Third, the length of time it took to close this case in this way makes us believe it to be a whitewash of the British special services incompetence.

Marina Litvinenko, holding a copy of today's report, has urged the British government to take harsh action against Russia. But Maxim said she did so because she lives in London and must 'play the game'

 

Marina Litvinenko, holding a copy of the report, has urged the British government to take harsh action against Russia based on the findings

Russian Ambassador Alexander Yakovenko was summoned to meet Europe Minister David Lidington at the Foreign Office following the report

 

Mr Yakovenko told Mr Lidington the report's findings were 'unacceptable'

 

 

Russian Ambassador Alexander Yakovenko was summoned to meet Europe Minister David Lidington at the Foreign Office following the report. Mr Yakovenko, pictured left following the talks, told Mr Lidington the report’s findings were ‘unacceptable’

‘Fourth, we noticed the British government suspended the coroners inquest which was open for public and media and where the investigative committee in Russia took part as an interested person, in favour of a public inquiry in secret, at the height of concern over Russia and Ukraine in 2014.

‘We view it as an attempt to put additional pressure on Russia in connection with existing differences on international issues.

‘Fifth, for us it is unacceptable the report concludes the Russian state  was in any way involved in the death of Mr Litvinenko on British soil.’

Mr Yakovenko said the row would inevitably hit British-Russian relations.

Mr Lidington told Mr Yakovenko ‘the Russian State’s probable involvement in this murder was deeply disturbing, demonstrating a flagrant disregard for UK law, international law and standards of conduct, and the safety of UK citizens,’ a spokeswoman for the Foreign Office said.

‘The minister set out the UK Government’s deep concern regarding the findings of the independent Litvinenko Inquiry report,’ she said.

‘He made clear that the inquiry’s conclusion concerning the Russian State’s probable involvement in this murder was deeply disturbing, demonstrating a flagrant disregard for UK law, international law and standards of conduct, and the safety of UK citizens.

BROTHER CALLS REPORT A SMEAR ON PUTIN AND BLAMES BRITAIN

Younger brother Maxim Litvinenko blames Britain

 

Younger brother Maxim Litvinenko blames Britain

The brother of murdered Russian spy Alexander Litvinenko has blamed British secret services were responsible and branded today’s report blaming Putin as a smear.

Younger brother, Maxim, today said it was ‘ridiculous’ to blame the Kremlin and that he believes British security services had more of a motive to carry out the assassination.

Alexander was a former Russian spy who joined MI6 and it was revealed today that he had accused President Putin of being a paedophile in an online article, just months before his death.

However, Maxim claims the report is a ‘smear’ on Putin, and far from being an enemy of the state, his brother had plans to soon return to Russia and had even contacted old friends about the move.

Maxim, a chef, who lives in Rimini, Italy, said: ‘The sentence is a set-up to provide more bad publicity against the Russian government,’ reports The Mirror .

He also went on to downplay Alexander’s role as a spy, working for either Russia or MI6, saying he was ‘more like a policeman’.

Alexander worked to combat serious organised crime such as murders and arms trafficking, but did not know any state secrets, his brother claims.

‘It is the Western media that have called him a spy,’ he added, claiming that the report – 10 years after the death – was a set-up to put pressure on the Russian Government.

Maxim said he and his father have no faith in the report, and even doubted the accepted fact the polonium was responsible for Alexander’s death.

He also suggested that several other deaths could be linked, including the suicide of Boris dissident Berezovsky, who financially supported Alexander, and the owner of a nightclub – where polonium was found – who died.

His views differ vastly from Alexander’s wife, Marine, who today urged Britain to impose sanctions on Russia after the report, which has severely strained international relations between the two nations.

But Maxim today claimed she only made such comments as she lives in London and has to ‘play the game’, despite the fact that he too initially blamed the Russian regime for the death.

Maxim, left, and his brother Alexander (right) in November 2006. Maxim claims his brother, far from being an enemy of the state, had plans to soon return to Russia

 

Maxim, left, and his brother Alexander (right) in November 2006. Maxim claims his brother, far from being an enemy of the state, had plans to soon return to Russia

‘The minister said that this would further complicate bilateral relations, undermine trust, and damage Russia’s reputation internationally.

‘This was a reminder of why the UK had introduced a series of steps to respond to Russia in 2007.

Earlier, the Prime Minister’s official spokeswoman today said Britain had expelled four Russian diplomats over the killing in 2007, suspended talks on a bilateral visa regime and distanced British links with the FSB.

In the year’s since, diplomatic relations between Britain and Russia have eased – particularly following the bombing of a Russian airliner by ISIS last year.

Mr Cameron has met with President Putin several times as Prime Minister – including at the Sochi Winter Olympics and in Downing Street.

The Litvinenko family lawyer today indicated the Government moves would not be enough, telling a press conference a failure to take significant action over ‘nuclear terrorism’ on the streets of London would be ‘craven’ and an ‘abdication of responsibility’.

Ben Emmerson QC said a judicial process had now linked President Vladimir Putin and the Moscow authorities to the murder of the dissident in 2006.

Family: At a press conference following the report's publication, Marina Litvinenko and her son Anatoly demanded action from the British government against Russia

 

At a press conference following the report’s publication today, Mrs Litvinenko and her son Anatoly demanded action from the British government against Russia

Theresa May, speaking in the Commons today following the report's publication, said the Russian Ambassador would be summoned to the Foreign Office 

 

Theresa May, speaking in the Commons today following the report’s publication, said the Russian Ambassador would be summoned to the Foreign Office

 
 
 

He said: ‘The responsibility now that lies on Government is to act in a way that shows determination and the requisite degree of courage,’ he told a press conference after the publication of Sir Robert Owen’s inquiry into the former spy’s death.

‘It would be craven for the Government, for the Prime Minister, to do nothing in response.

HOW PUTIN’S ASSASSINS CARRIED OUT THEIR TASK: INQUIRY REVEALS THE TEAPOT USED TO POISON LITVINENKO

Sir Robert Owen’s report today revealed chilling details about the method of killing used by the FSB assassins who killed Alexander Litvinenko.

Andrei Lugovoi and Dmitri Kovtun slipped their radioactive poison into a teapot used by Mr Litvinenko at a Mayfair hotel in central London.

They left a radioactive trail in a number of locations around the capital, including a hotel sink where they deposited leftover polonium.

The revelation that Litvinenko, a father-of-three, had been poisoned with a radioactive substance triggered a major security alert following his death.

The inquiry also uncovered a first attempt at the killing earlier in October.

‘It would be an abdication of his responsibility to do the thing which, after all, is the first function of a state, which is to keep its people safe.’

Sir Robert found Lugovoi and Kovtun had made an earlier attempt to poison Mr Litvinenko, also using polonium 210, at a meeting in London on October 16 – a fortnight before he ingested the fatal dose, the report found.

It said the pair then placed the substance in a teapot at the Millennium Hotel’s Pine Bar on November 1, 2006.

They left a radioactive trail in a number of locations around the capital, including a hotel sink where they deposited leftover polonium.

Hotels, airports, restaurants and even a football stadium were contaminated by radioactive material.

The revelation that Litvinenko, a father-of-three, had been poisoned with a radioactive substance triggered a major security alert following his death.

Alex Goldfarb, a close friend of Mr Litvinenko, today said: ‘I think it is a very proper and fair finding, because nobody in the Russian hierarchy would dare to order such a murder without Mr Putin’s approval.

‘The finding is an ultimate justice. As you remember, on his death-bed Sasha Litvinenko named Mr Putin as the person responsible for this poisoning and now it has become a legally established fact.’

In an interview with the Interfax news agency, Lugovoi called the charges against him ‘absurd.’

‘As we expected, there was no sensation,’ he said. ‘The results of the investigation that were announced today once again confirm London’s anti-Russian position and the blinkered view and unwillingness of the British to establish the true cause of Litvinenko’s death.’

In a statement released from his deathbed in 2006, her husband had said: ‘You may succeed in silencing one man but the howl of protest from around the world will reverberate, Mr Putin, in your ears for the rest of your life.

‘May God forgive you for what you have done, not only to me but to beloved Russia and its people.’

Sir Robert’s 300-page report said Andrei Lugovoi and Dmitri Kovtun were probably acting under the direction of Moscow’s FSB intelligence service when they poisoned the 43-year-old with radioactive polonium 210 at the Millennium Hotel in Mayfair.

David Cameron could face a fresh diplomatic row with Vladimir Putin, pictured in Moscow today, if Russia refuses to extradite alleged assassins Andrey Lugovoy and Dmitry Kovtun

 

David Cameron could face a fresh diplomatic row with Vladimir Putin if Russia refuses to extradite alleged assassins Andrey Lugovoy and Dmitry Kovtun

 

 

David Cameron could face a fresh diplomatic row with Vladimir Putin, pictured in Moscow, if Russia refuses to extradite alleged assassins Andrey Lugovoy and Dmitry Kovtun

 
 
 

Singling out then-FSB chief Nikolai Patrushev alongside Mr Putin, Sir Robert wrote: ‘Taking full account of all the evidence and analysis available to me I find that the FSB operation to kill Litvinenko was probably approved by Mr Patrushev and also by President Putin.’

In his report, Sir Robert wrote: ‘I am sure that Mr Lugovoi and Mr Kovtun knew that they were using a deadly poison and that they intended to kill Mr Litvinenko.

‘I do not believe, however, that they knew precisely what the chemical they were handling was, or the nature of all its properties.’

He continued: ‘I am sure that Mr Lugovoi and Mr Kovtun were acting on behalf of others when they poisoned Mr Litvinenko.’

‘MAY GOD FORGIVE YOU FOR WHAT YOU HAVE DONE’: LITVINENKO BLAMED PUTIN ON HIS DEATHBED

Mr Litvinenko, pictured in 2002

Mr Litvinenko, pictured in 2002

Alexander Litvinenko levelled his accusations against President Putin and the Kremlin when he knew he was going to die.

Speaking from this death bed, he said: ‘I would like to thank many people. My doctors, nurses and hospital staff who are doing all they can for me, the British police who are pursuing my case with vigour and professionalism and are watching over me and my family.

‘I would like to thank the British government for taking me under their care. I am honoured to be a British citizen.

‘I would like to thank the British public for their messages of support and for the interest they have shown in my plight.

‘I thank my wife Marina, who has stood by me. My love for her and our son knows no bounds.

‘But as I lie here I can distinctly hear the beating of wings of the angel of death. I may be able to give him the slip but I have to say my legs do not run as fast as I would like.

‘I think, therefore, that this may be the time to say one or two things to the person responsible for my present condition.

‘You may succeed in silencing me but that silence comes at a price. You have shown yourself to be as barbaric and ruthless as your most hostile critics have claimed.

‘You have shown yourself to have no respect for life, liberty or any civilised value.

‘You have shown yourself to be unworthy of your office, to be unworthy of the trust of civilised men and women.

‘You may succeed in silencing one man but the howl of protest from around the world will reverberate, Mr Putin, in your ears for the rest of your life.

‘May God forgive you for what you have done, not only to me but to beloved Russia and its people.’

When Lugovoi poisoned Mr Litvinenko, it is ‘probable’ that he did so under the direction of the FSB, the report found.

Sir Robert said Kovtun also took part, adding: ‘I conclude therefore that he was also acting under FSB direction, possibly indirectly through Mr Lugovoi but probably to his knowledge.’

The Metropolitan Police today said it still had warrants out for the two men accused of the killing.

The murder came against a backdrop of a long running personal feud between Putin and Mr Litvinenko.

Mr Litvinenko made a string of personal attacks on the Russian leader in the years after their only face to face meeting in 1998.

The most dramatic allegation came in an article Litvinenko wrote in July 2006 accusing President Putin of paedophilia.

Just days before he fell ill, Litvinenko accused Mr Putin of responsibility for the murder of journalist Anna Politkovskaya. The report said there was ‘undoubtedly a personal dimension to antagonism’ between the two men.

The inquiry was told Litvinenko became involved with MI6 after arriving in Britain, receiving regular payments for consultancy work.

The final report said: ‘It may not take much imagination to consider how the FSB would have reacted to a report that one of its own former officers was working with British intelligence.’

Mr Cameron will face growing calls to impose sanctions on high-profile individuals in Russia if the Kremlin refuses to extradite Andrey Lugovoy and Dmitry Kovtun, the alleged assassins.

Downing Street had no immediate comment on the report, but confirmed Home Secretary Theresa May will be giving the Government’s response in an oral statement to the House of Commons in the next few hours.

Liberal Democrats called for travel bans and the freezing of assets for those involved in the death of Mr Litvinenko.

Lib Dem leader Tim Farron said: ‘A UK citizen was killed on the streets of London with polonium. It was an attack on the heart of Britain, our values and our society.

‘I call for EU travel bans, asset freezes and co-ordinated action to deal with those who committed this evil assassination. I have called for a new Magnitsky Law to make sure that these people are held to account for what they did.

‘These assassins trampled over British sovereignty and we cannot let this go unanswered.’

There is overwhelming evidence linking the pair to the murder but both deny any involvement and Russian President Mr Putin has so far refused to extradite them.

The death of Litvinenko marked a post-Cold War low point in Anglo-Russian relations, and ties have never recovered.

The Foreign Office is eager to avoid a full-blown row, partly because Mr Putin’s cooperation is badly needed in the fight against Islamic State terrorists.

In 2011, Mrs Litvinenko and her son marked five years since the death of Mr Litvinenko at his graveside in Highgate Cemetery, North London

 

In 2011, Mrs Litvinenko and her son marked five years since the death of Mr Litvinenko at his graveside in Highgate Cemetery, North London

 
 
 

Litvinenko’s wife Marina, who has led a ten-year campaign for justice, believes sanctions should be imposed.

She said: ‘If proved, particularly in an official way in a court, you definitely need to react.

‘They still survive. They are able to travel. I think there should be a very serious discussion about what kind of sanctions and against whom.’

Mrs Litvinenko, 52, is certain that vital information has been suppressed by Moscow.

She said: ‘Both Lugovoy and Kovtun had plenty of opportunities to present their case. It is a shame that the opportunity was not there to question them.

‘They could have been questioned about: if they did it. Did they do it by themselves? Who sent them to do it? How did they obtain that polonium?

‘Why was it that a weapon of mass destruction was used to carry out a murder in Britain?

‘Questions have been raised about Mr Putin [that] he needs to answer.

‘He gave Lugovoy an honour, he made him an MP, he made him a TV star.

‘He obviously appreciated Lugovoy’s activities.’

Liberal Democrat leader Tim Farron said those responsible for Litvinenko’s murder should be subject to a ban on travelling to the UK and excluded from the British banking system.

‘By poisoning one of their own on British soil, the Russian government completely disregarded the rule of law both within the UK and internationally,’ he said.

Litvinenko, 43, a fierce critic of Mr Putin, was given polonium in a cup of green tea during a meeting at the Millennium Hotel in Mayfair.

It took him three weeks to die.

He had been working with MI6 and other agencies in the UK.

Last night Mr Putin’s spokesman said the Kremlin had no interest in the findings of Sir Robert’s inquiry.

Dmitry Peskov said: ‘It is an inquiry that is taking place in Great Britain and in this case it is not a topic that is of interest to us, or that is on our agenda.’

THE ASSASSINATION OF ALEXANDER LITVINENKO: THE TIMES, PLACES AND NUMBERS BEHIND A STATE SPONSORED KILLING

 

Some of the key statistics contained in the inquiry into the death of Alexander Litvinenko:

50 micrograms – minimum amount of polonium 210 believed to have been put into the teapot from which Mr Litvinenko drank at the Millennium Hotel in London on November 1, 2006.

26.5 micrograms – amount of polonium 210 believed to have been swallowed by Mr Litvinenko.

100 grams – approximate amount of polonium 210 made in nuclear reactors each year around the world.

4.4 gigabecquerels – the radioactivity of Mr Litvinenko’s likely total intake of polonium 210. This is the equivalent of 4.4 billion becquerels, or 176 kilograms of uranium. Roughly 10,000 becquerels, when ingested, is enough to kill a person.

49,000 becquerels per gram of tissue were found in Mr Litvinenko’s kidneys, the most contaminated of his organs. Some 3,500 becquerels per gram of tissue were found in his lungs, the least contaminated organ.

£2,000 per month – Mr Litvinenko’s payments for supplying information to British intelligence, which began in 2004.

£2.2 million – total cost of the inquiry into Mr Litvinenko’s death.

22 – days after his poisoning that Mr Litvinenko died, on November 23, 2006.

60 – locations examined and assessed as part of the police investigation into his death. Over 200 officers were involved.

15 – countries to which requests for legal assistance were made as part of the investigation.

135,000 – approximate number of words in the inquiry report, running to almost 330 pages.

17 months – total length of the inquiry from the formal setting up date to the submission of the report. Hearings lasted for 34 days and a total of 62 witnesses gave oral evidence.

ECHOES OF THE COLD WAR: TIMELINE OF THE KILLING OF ALEXANDER LITVINENKO AND THE INVESTIGATION INTO HIS SHOCKING DEATH

1998 – Alexander Litvinenko claims at a Moscow press hearing that the FSB – the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation – instructed him to kill high-profile billionaire Boris Berezovsky.

1999 – Mr Litvinenko is arrested and spends nine months in jail.

2000 – Mr Litvinenko flees Russia and seeks political asylum in Britain – it is granted the following year.

2002 – Mr Litvinenko co-writes a book, in which he accuses his former FSB superiors of carrying out a number of apartment block bombings in 1999.

November 1 2006 – Mr Litvinenko meets Andrei Lugovoi and Dmitri Kovtun at the Millennium hotel in London’s Mayfair. Mr Litvinenko is admitted to a hospital in north London several hours later

November 17 2006 – His condition deteriorates and he is transferred to University College Hospital in central London.

November 21 2006 – The Kremlin dismisses as ‘sheer nonsense’ claims that the Russian government was involved in the poisoning.

November 23 – Mr Litvinenko dies in intensive care.

November 24 – Mr Litvinenko’s family releases a statement, accusing Russian president Vladimir Putin of involvement in his death.

May 2007 – The CPS announces its decision to prosecute Lugovoi for murder.

July 2007 – Moscow refuses an extradition request for Lugovoi.

July 2014 – The Home Secretary announces that Sir Robert Owen is to chair a public inquiry into Mr Litvinenko’s death.

January 2015 -The inquiry opens and takes evidence for seven months

January 21 2016 – Sir Robert’s report is published.

 
 
 
 
 

It’s a breach of international law says Theresa May – but Britain WON’T be kicking out all Russia’s spies as the family demands

Home Secretary, pictured at the despatch box today, told MPs the findings of the inquiry were not surprising

Home Secretary, pictured at the despatch box today, told MPs the findings of the inquiry were not surprising

Home Secretary Theresa May today told MPs the findings of a public inquiry into the killing of Alexander Litvinenko represented a breach of the ‘most fundamental tenets of international law’.

But she announced only that Interpol warrants would be issued for the arrest of the two men blamed for carrying out the killing in a London hotel. Any assets Andrei Lugovoi and Dmitri Kovtun still hold in Britain will also be frozen.

Marina Litvinenko had called for all Russian diplomats and spies to be expelled from London and for David Cameron to impose sanctions on the country.

Mrs May told MPs: ‘It goes without saying that this was a blatant and unacceptable breach of the most fundamental tenants of international law and of civilised behaviour.

‘But we have to accept this does not come as a surprise. The inquiry confirms the assessment of successive governments that this was a state-sponsored act.

‘This assessment has informed the Government’s approach to date.’

Mrs May confirmed the Metropolitan Police’s investigation into Mr Litvinenko’s murder remains open.

She added: ‘I can tell the House today that Interpol notices and European Arrest Warrants are in place so that the main suspects, Andrei Lugovoi and Dmitri Kovtun, can be arrested if they travel abroad.

‘In light of the report’s findings the Government will go further and Treasury ministers have today agreed to put in place asset freezes against the two individuals.’

Mrs May also said: ‘Russia’s continued failure to ensure the perpetrators of this terrible crime can be brought to justice is unacceptable.’

She told MPs she has written to the Director of Public Prosecutions asking if any further action should be taken in terms of extradition and freezing criminal assets.

Mrs May added the Russian ambassador in London will be summoned to the Foreign Office, noting: ‘We will express our profound displeasure at Russia’s failure to cooperate and provide satisfactory answers.

‘Specifically we have and will continue to demand that Russian government account for the role of the FSB in this case.’

Mrs May later told MPs: ‘You are absolutely right in your description of what has happened in relation to Lugovoi in Russia.

 
 
 

‘And I think that tells you everything you need to know about Russia’s attitude to this action that took place here on the streets of London.

‘Russia of course does participate, it is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council and of course there will be national interests which require the British Government to engage guardedly with Russia.

‘There are of course issues relating to Syria and the resolution of the conflict there as an example of that.’

Shadow home secretary Andy Burnham said the killing of Mr Litvinenko using radioactive material exposed thousands of Londoners to unacceptable risk.

‘This, as you said, this is one of the most shocking and disturbing reports ever presented to this Parliament,’ he said.

‘It confirms that the Russian state at its highest level sanctioned the killing of a British citizen on the streets of our capital city and in so doing exposed thousands of Londoners to unacceptable levels of risk.

‘An unparalleled act of state-sponsored terrorism that must meet with a commensurate response.

‘So far reaching are the implications of this report it is important not to rush to judgement today, time must be taken to digest its findings and consider our response.’

Mr Burnham also said the UK should try to prevent Russia from staging the 2018 World Cup.

Metropolitan Police Commander Ball today said: ‘It is important to remember that behind the significant global interest in this case, this remains an investigation into the murder of a man on the streets of London. Marina and Anatoly Litvinenko have shown immense courage and dignity since Alexander’s death and with them, we remain committed to bringing those responsible to justice.

He added: ‘This remains an ongoing investigation and I am unable to comment on the evidence or say anything further at this time.’

 
 

Was Litvinenko killed because he suggested Putin was a paedophile? The theories over why the Russian dissident was really a target

Mr Litvinenko, pictured with his book 'Blowing Up Russia: Terror From Within', frequently wrote critically about President Putin and accused him of being a paedophile 

 

Mr Litvinenko, pictured with his book ‘Blowing Up Russia: Terror From Within’, frequently wrote critically about President Putin and accused him of being a paedophile

The possible motives for the killing of Alexander Litvinenko were the centre of large parts of Sir Robert Owen’s inquiry.

Despite only meeting face to face on one occasion, there was a bitter feud between President Putin and his former KGB colleague.

And a report by Mr Litvinenko suggesting allegations of paedophilia against the Russian president was highlighted by the inquiry as a possible key moment.

The inquiry was told that the report – in July 2006, just months before the assassination – was the ‘climax’ of Mr Litvinenko’s attacks on the Kremlin leader.

In his report, Sir Robert said: ‘It hardly needs saying that the allegations made by Mr Litvinenko against President Putin in this article were of the most serious nature.

‘Could they have had any connection with his death?

‘Nor were these the last public allegations that Mr Litvinenko made against President Putin.

‘Only a matter of days before he fell ill, Mr Litvinenko publicly accused President Putin of responsibility for the murder of Anna Politkovskaya.

‘And, as I have already described, in the statement that he signed on his deathbed, he accused the Russian President of responsibility for another murder – his own.’

Mr Litvinenko had a long record of run-ins with the Kremlin.

In 1998 Mr Litvinenko took the extraordinary decision to blow the whistle on an alleged FSB plot to murder prominent tycoon Boris Berezovsky, culminating in a press conference in which he publicly denounced the agency in front of the world’s media.

The report said Litvinenko was ‘regarded as having betrayed the FSB’.

Mr Litvinenko co-authored two books following his arrival in Britain. Blowing Up Russia, published in 2001, asserted that a number of apartment bombings in September 1999, which killed hundreds and were officially blamed on Chechen separatists, were actually the work of the FSB.

Another book, The Gang From The Lubyanka, set out allegations of corruption and involvement in organised crime. The report said the idea of betrayal was ‘compounded’ by Litvinenko’s campaigning in Britain.

Mr Litvinenko was an associate of both Mr Berezovsky and Akhmed Zakayev, both of whom were leading opponents of the Putin administration.

Mr Litvinenko made a string of personal attacks on the President Putin in the years after their only face to face meeting in 1998.

The report said there was ‘undoubtedly a personal dimension to antagonism’ between the two men.

The inquiry was told Mr Litvinenko became involved with MI6 after arriving in Britain, receiving regular payments for consultancy work.

The final report said: ‘It may not take much imagination to consider how the FSB would have reacted to a report that one of its own former officers was working with British intelligence.’

THE LITVINENKO INQUIRY DISMISSED A STRING OF CONSPIRACY THEORIES ABOUT WHO ELSE MIGHT HAVE KILLED HIM

The Litvinenko inquiry dismissed a series of possible theories over who was responsible for the former spy’s death.

Boris Berezovsky

Chairman Sir Robert Owen referred to suggestions the billionaire oligarch, a fellow dissident, could have killed Litvinenko because he was being blackmailed over illegal activities in the UK.

Litvinenko did ‘occasionally make comments suggesting taking some form of action’ against his long-standing friend after he reduced the amount of money he was giving him. But Sir Robert said he was ‘quite satisfied these were never put into effect’.

‘Litvinenko and Berezovsky remained friends until the end of Litvinenko’s life,’ he wrote. ‘There was no blackmail and therefore no motive for Berezovsky to have Litvinenko killed.’ Berezovsky died in 2013.’

UK intelligence agencies

Lugovoi has also claimed he could have been ‘framed’ by British agents after an ‘operation involving Litvinenko and possibly Berezovsky that went wrong’.

He said the polonium could have been planted on him and Kovtun and left in places they visited.

Sir Robert said: ‘I am entirely satisfied that UK intelligence agencies, and for that matter UK government bodies more generally, played no part at all in Litvinenko’s death’.

Organised crime

Litvinenko had been ‘preoccupied’ by fighting organised crime since his days in the KGB, forerunner to the FSB, the report said.

He wrote books and articles seeking to expose links between the FSB and Russian mobsters, and towards the end of his life was working with Spanish authorities on investigations into Russian gangs there.

Sir Robert found the involvement of Russian organised crime was ‘not implausible’ but was ‘not supported by the evidence that is available to me’.

Police had not uncovered any links, and there were no indications that Lugovoi or Kovtun were ‘commissioned to kill Litvinenko by members of crime gangs’.

‘I am satisfied… that Lugovoi and Kovtun in fact received their orders from another source,’ the chairman said.

Mario Scaramella

Sir Robert said it had been thought at one stage that Italian lawyer Mario Scaramella could have been involved in the killing, as he met Litvinenko the day he fell ill.

The dissident even initially suggested himself that Scaramella could have been responsible – but Sir Robert argued that was a ruse to lure Lugovoi back to the UK to face justice.

The Italian was not contaminated with polonium, the report said. ‘Mr Scaramella clearly regarded Litvinenko as a friend,’ Sir Robert wrote. ‘He had no motive to kill him.’

Chechen groups

Sir Robert said there was ‘no evidence to support the involvement’ of Chechen groups Litvinenko had clashed with in the past.

He also dismissed the possibility that Alexander Talik, whom Litvinenko had previously accused of being an FSB agent, played any part.

 
 

Lugovoi sent Beresovsky a T-shirt saying ‘nuclear death is knocking at your door’

One of Alexander Litvinenko’s alleged killers sent a T-shirt bearing the words ‘nuclear death is knocking on your door’ to Britain years after the dissident’s death, the inquiry heard.

Andrei Lugovoi was said to have given the top to an associate in Moscow and asked for it be delivered as a ‘gift’ to billionaire Boris Berezovsky, a friend of the poisoned spy, in 2010.

The front of the black T-shirt had the words ‘POLONIUM-210 CSKA LONDON, HAMBURG To Be Continued’, while ‘CSKA Moscow Nuclear Death Is Knocking Your Door’ was printed on the back.

The front of the black T-shirt, pictured left, had the words 'POLONIUM-210 CSKA LONDON, HAMBURG To Be Continued'
'CSKA Moscow Nuclear Death Is Knocking Your Door' was printed on the back
 

The front of the black T-shirt, pictured left, had the words ‘POLONIUM-210 CSKA LONDON, HAMBURG To Be Continued’, while ‘CSKA Moscow Nuclear Death Is Knocking Your Door’ was printed on the back, right.

Inquiry chairman Sir Robert Owen’s final report said the writing was ‘in extraordinary terms’.

It said: ‘Taken on its own (and without, of course, the benefit of oral evidence from Mr Lugovoi), it would be difficult to know what to make of this T-shirt.

‘On any view, it demonstrates that Mr Lugovoi approved of Mr Litvinenko’s murder. It was also, clearly, a threat to Mr Berezovsky.

‘Further than that, the T-shirt could be seen as an admission by Mr Lugovoi that he had poisoned Mr Litvinenko, made at a time when he was confident that he would never be extradited from Russia, and wished to taunt Mr Berezovsky with that fact.

‘Alternatively, it could, perhaps, be seen as an extraordinarily tasteless joke.’

Berezovsky died at his Berkshire home in 2013.

 
 

One of the Litvinenko assassins who laced cup of tea in Mayfair hotel with Polonium-210 opens a… Moscow tea shop with his model wife

Andrei Lugovoy, who poisoned a pot of tea to kill Alexander Litvinenko, is now running a tea shop in Moscow with his wife

 

Andrei Lugovoy, who poisoned a pot of tea to kill Alexander Litvinenko, is now running a tea shop in Moscow with his wife

The glamorous wife of a former KGB agent accused of lacing Alexander Litvineko’s tea with Polonium-210 has set up a restaurant chain – and its ‘signature’ is its specially brewed tea.

Ksenyia Lugovoy, 26, a model and TV star, the wife of Russian MP Andrei Lugovoy, owns a small chain of shabby-chic tea shops in Moscow, charging £5.25 for a pot of one of its exotic blends.

The Ded Pikhto successful chain of tea shops come as the Met Police want her husband extradited over the death of former Russian agent, Litvinenko.

Litvinenko met Lugovoy and Dmitry Kovtun at a hotel in Mayfair back in May 2006 – when it is alleged he drank a cup of lukewarm green tea laced with the radioactive poison.

On his deathbed in a London hospital in November that year, Litvinenko said his murder had been ordered by Russian president Vladimir Putin and named Lugovoy and Kovtun as the assassins.

Both men have protested their innocence and have refused to be questioned at the inquiry into Mr Litvinenko’s death.

Richard Horwell, QC for the police, told the inquiry that the pair were tasked with killing Litvinenko, but that the plan had taken three attempts to execute.

He told the court the finger points ‘unwaveringly’ towards the duo.

But Kseniya, who, at 26, is 22 years her husband’s junior, said she had ‘never heard’ of Lugovoy’s alleged involvement in the sinister case before their kitsch Black Sea wedding in 2011.

Glamorous: Ksenyia Lugovoy, 26, a model and TV star, the wife of Russian MP Andrei Lugovoy, owns a small chain of shabby-chic tea shops in Moscow

 

 

Ksenyia Lugovoy, 26, (pictured) a model and TV star, the wife of Russian MP Andrei Lugovoy, owns a small chain of shabby-chic tea shops in Moscow, charging £5.25 for a pot of one of its exotic blends

Popular: The three cafes charge between 350 roubles (£3.75) and 490 roubles (£5.25) a teapot, offering their clientele a range of exotic brews - including their own blend of strawberry, along with apple, ginger and honey

 

Popular: The three cafes charge between 350 roubles (£3.75) and 490 roubles (£5.25) a teapot, offering their clientele a range of exotic brews – including their own blend of strawberry, along with apple, ginger and honey

And she is unapologetic about her choice of business – and boasts about the signature home-brewed fruit teas.

‘I love our full flavoured ‘Ded Pikhto’ berry tea,’ she boasted.

There is no hint of deadly radioactive isotopes here, of course, and this is made from fresh strawberry, along with apple, ginger and honey.

 
 

It’s just cowardly folly to appease this thug, writes EDWARD LUCAS

Contempt: Russian President Vladimir Putin

 

Contempt: Russian President Vladimir Putin

Russia has murdered a British citizen on the streets of London. It has blustered, gloated and lied. And we are not going to do much about it.

That is the dismal upshot of the public inquiry into the poisoning of Alexander Litvinenko in 2006.

What is abundantly clear is that the British Government is not going to respond properly to the outrageous behaviour of what is a rogue state in all but name.

And by ‘properly’, I mean we should be launching major money-laundering investigations into the tide of dirty Russian cash which swills through our financial system.

We should be telling the crooked bankers, lawyers and accountants who facilitate this theft from the Russian people that the game is up.

We should be expelling Russian spies from London, in the full glare of publicity, and prosecuting those who co-operate with them, betraying our country for money, favours and flattery.

And we should be urging our Nato and European Union allies to join us in fighting back against all forms of Russian subversion, mischief-making and influence-peddling – in everything from energy supplies to propaganda.

In understated legal language, yesterday’s report by Sir Robert Owen, a retired judge, tells an extraordinary tale.

Mr Litvinenko, a fugitive former Russian spy, had intimate, first-hand knowledge of the murky overlap between the Russian state and organised crime.

He advised MI6, Britain’s overseas intelligence service, in particular on the activity of state-sponsored Russian gangsters in Spain – touching on the financial interests of the highest levels of power in Moscow. That may have been the motive for his murder.

But Sir Robert also highlights other possibilities – the personal antagonism between Mr Litvinenko and the Russian president Vladimir Putin, for example.

Litvinenko accused Mr Putin of staging a series of apartment-block bombings in 1999 that killed more than 300 people, his aim to create a climate of fear in which Russians would yearn for a strong leader. Almost overnight, Mr Putin became Russia’s most popular politician.

More sensationally, Mr Litvinenko also accused Mr Putin of being a practising paedophile.

Sir Robert’s report contemptuously dismisses the conspiracy theories around Litvinenko’s death – that he poisoned himself, was bumped off by British intelligence, or fell foul of gangland associates.

It deals with other myths, too. The polonium isotope that killed Mr Litvinenko would not have cost million of pounds for the quantity used. Nor did it leave a radioactive signature that could be traced back to a top-secret plant in Russia.

To my mind, these points add yet more credibility to the report. It does not back every allegation against Russia – just those where the evidence is incontrovertible.

Russia is a highly bureaucratic and centralised country. It is inconceivable that anything as risky and important as the assassination of a British citizen, especially one working for MI6, would not be signed off at the highest level.

Sir Robert also had access to secret documents and witnesses – from MI6, from the domestic spy agency, MI5, and from the Government code-crackers of GCHQ.

He makes it clear that the secret evidence implicated the highest levels of the Russian state in the murder. Spywatchers surmise that it may include an electronic ‘intercept’ – a Russian government communication, probably obtained by America’s National Security Agency, and shared with its ally, GCHQ.

Clearly, the Americans want no details of this to come out. If we are indeed able to snoop on the Kremlin’s secrets, it is best not to give clues of how we do it.

The contempt Mr Putin and his cronies have shown for Britain is astonishing.

Mrs Litvinenko arrived at the High Court today with her son Anatoly Litvinenko to hear the results of the public inquiry into her husband's death 

 

Mrs Litvinenko arrived at the High Court today with her son Anatoly Litvinenko to hear the results of the public inquiry into her husband’s death

Yesterday, they dismissed our legal system as a politicised sham, and have accused us of ‘colonial’ thinking for having the temerity even to request the extradition from Russia of the men identified in the report as the assassins, Dmitry Kovtun and Andrei Lugovoi.

By contrast, the greatest credit for the report goes to Mr Litvinenko’s widow, Marina. With dignity and determination, she has pursued her demand for an inquiry – in the teeth of sustained opposition from the British authorities.

Only when relations between the two countries cooled after Russia attacked Ukraine in 2014 did the Government finally back down and agree to give Mrs Litvinenko and the other witnesses their day in court. Yet none of the evidence given to the inquiry will have come as a surprise to the authorities. Britain’s intelligence services are all too well-informed about the depravity, greed and murderous brutality that reign in the Kremlin.

They report this in graphic detail to Mr Cameron and other leaders, to the point that the Prime Minister feels physically repelled by Mr Putin when he has to meet him in person.

But the unusually blunt language used in the report creates a diplomatic problem. It is not only the reptilian Russophiles in the City of London who want, for their own self-interested reasons, to maintain a working (ie lucrative) relationship with the Putin regime.

It is the pinstriped appeasers closer to Downing St who are the bigger problem. Our own diplomats see the naming and shaming of the Putin regime not as an opportunity to be exploited, but as an obstacle to be overcome.

They believe that Russia’s help is indispensable in the attempt to start peace talks over Syria, where Mr Putin’s ally President Assad is benefiting from the Russian aggression against militant opposition armies.

That is a catastrophically mistaken approach. If we want to bring the Assad regime to the negotiating table, we should be increasing pressure on its backers, such as Russia and Iran, not soft-soaping them.

The Russian state murdered Mr Litvinenko to send a message to other Russians: do not defect; do not co-operate with Western spy agencies. If you do so, we will hunt you down and mete out a slow, agonising death.

It was a message to Britain, too: Russia can do what it likes in the streets of our capital city. British citizenship bestows no protection.

What message will Mr Cameron send in response?

  • Edward Lucas writes for The Economist and is the author of The New Cold War: How the Kremlin Menaces Both Russia and the West
 

STASI-“GoMoPa” wegen Ruf – MORD an Journalisten im Visier der ARD/NDR

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Liebe Leser

Journalisten, die kritisch über das Portal “GoMoPa” berichteten, wurden oft diskreditiert. Jetzt liegen dem ARD-Magazin ZAPP (NDR) neue Unterlagen zum dubiosen Geschäftsgebaren der Firma vor.

Mit STASI-Methoden agieren, die aus der STASI von Oberst Stelzer stammenden, Cyber-Stalker:

Rufmord, Justiz-Mord, Wirtschaftskriminalität, Glykol und Toxdat gehören zu ihrem Arsenal – und die deutsche Justiz unternimmt nichts.

Im Gegenteil bei einigen Personen wie Beate Porten (Staatsanwältin)  und Thomas Porten (Gesellschafter/Chefredakteur IZ), und dem “GoMoPa”-Genossen Peter Ehlers (SJB-Fondsgesellschaft, “Der Fonds”/”Das Investment”) liegt der Verdacht nahe mit “GoMoPa” eng zu kooperieren, um eigene (mutmaßlich finanzielle) Interessen zu optimieren. Schön, wenn man dann noch einen ähnlichen Background hat…

Nach unseren Recherchen sind die weiteren Schlüsselpersonen mutmaßlich

– RA Jochen  und Manfred Resch, eng liiert mit dem STASI-Obersten und dem Mord-Experten Nr.1 der DDR, Oberst Ehrenfried Stelzer,

– der “GoMoPa”-“CTO” aus Dresden, nunmehr Berlin, Sven Schmidt,

– Jan Mucha, IZ,  (Familienbackground aus der kommunistischen “CSFR”)

– Isabella Colonius, IZ, mutmaßliche “GoMoPa”-Konfidentin

– der “GoMoPa”CEO” und President, der unter verschiedenen Decknamen agierende und mit mysteriöser Biographie ausgestattete “Klaus-Dieter Maurischat”

– der dubiose vor 1989 dem Fall der DDR – ebensowenig wie sein Kompagnon, der dubiose “Peter Ehlers”  in Erscheinung getretene SJB-Fonds-Vermittler “Gerd Bennewirtz”, derzeit Grevenbroich/Neuss

– der Hitler-“Biograph Rainer Zitelmann (aus Darmstadt wie “Porten & Porten”)

Insider berichten, daß “GoMoPa” von den oben genannten Personen und Institutionen mutmaßlich Informationen zugespielt bekommen.

Honi soit qui mal y pense !

Herzlichst Ihr

Magister Bernd Pulch

Exposed – The fourteen doubles of Joseph Stalin – Movie

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The Death List of 312 Murdered Russian Journalists – Die Todesliste Russischer Journalisten

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DEATHS OF JOURNALISTS IN RUSSIA

This database includes the violent, premature or unexplained deaths of journalists in Russia recorded by the country’s own media monitors since the early 1990s. Each entry (click on View in last column of Search Results) offers a narrative account of the journalist’s work and death based mainly on monitoring information gathered in Moscow by the Glasnost Defence Foundation and the Centre for Journalism in Extreme Situations.

Click here to jump to detailed search instructions.

 

About this database

In June 2009, the International Federation of Journalists, which sponsored the creation of this database, published a report entitled Partial Justice: An investigation into the deaths of journalists in Russia, 1993-2009. It is easier to use this database, and to follow the report, if the two sources are consulted together.

This online database has been specially designed to permit quick comparative searches by several criteria at once: for example, the nature of the incident (Incident), the region (Federal District+) where the incident occurred, subsequent actions by the authorities (Impunity), and an assessment of the link between the death and the individual’s activities as a journalist (Motive).

1. Searching For An Individual

If you know who you are looking for, type their surname into the Surname box in SEARCH CRITERIA and press Search. Then in the last Actions column of SEARCH RESULTS(above) select View and press Enter.

When you wish to return to the list of the latest deaths, press Search again.

2. Complex Search and Analysis

To identify wider groups of journalists by a variety of criteria (location, type of death, reason for death, job):

  1. Select from one or all of the five drop-down lists in SEARCH CRITERIA (Incident, Federal District +, Job, Motive, Impunity), and
  2. type in, Year of death and M or F in Sex field in order to see how many men and women have died or disappeared under what circumstances.

Once you have made your selection, click on Search. When you wish to return to the full list of the latest deaths, press Search again.

3. Reversing sequence of years

You can start with the earliest years of these records by clicking on the column heading for Date of Death in SEARCH RESULTS. This reverses the chronological sequence.

MOTIVE

The key entry Motive offers an assessment as to whether a particular death was certainly, possibly or probably not linked to the investigations and publications of the journalist in question. If the link is certain this is indicated as J. If it was not linked, this is indicated as nJ. In cases where there is a possibility of a link, but the death has not been officially investigated or that investigation leaves doubts as to the motive, then the death is indicated as ?J.

If the link is considered certain this is indicated as J. If no link is suggested or established this is indicated as nJ. “In cases where there is a possibility of a link but the death has not been officially investigated, or that investigation leaves doubts as to the motive, then the death is indicated as ?J.

By definition, cases where the are given a provisional assessment of nJ or ? when the cause of death is not confirmed (or disputed); the same applies to almost all the cases ofmissing journalists. Naturally, as investigations proceed and court hearings are held the assessment of motive may be revised.

 

 

Date First Surname Job Incident Federal District + Motive  
16/12/2013 Arkady LANDER chief editor homicide Sochi, Krasnodar Region ?J View
12/07/2013 Akhmednabi AKHMEDNABIYEV journalist, deputy editor homicide Makhachkala, Republic of Dagestan J View
18/05/2013 Nikolai POTAPOV chief homicide Bykogorka, Stavropol Region ?J View
07/05/2013 Konstantin BAUER journalist homicide Lesosibirsk, Krasnoyarsk Region nJ View
08/04/2013 Mikhail BEKETOV chief editor homicide Khimki, Moscow Region J View
05/12/2012 Kazbek GEKKIEV news presenter homicide Nalchik, Kabardino-Balkaria J View
07/07/2012 Alexander KHODZINSKY journalist homicide Tulun, Irkutsk Region J View
15/12/2011 Hadjimurad KAMALOV director homicide Makhachkala, Dagestan J View
28/07/2011 Garun KURBANOV media worker homicide Makhachkala, Dagestan J View
22/06/2011 Anatoly BITKOV chief editor homicide Magadan, Kolyma Region nJ View
 
 
Date First Surname Job Incident Federal District + Motive  
08/05/2011 Yahya MAGOMEDOV chief editor homicide Khasavyurt district, Dagestan nJ View
05/05/2011 Pavel BALAKIREV cameraman accident St Petersburg J View
16/01/2011 Roman NIKIFOROV editor homicide 1st Ostankino St, Moscow nJ View
14/01/2011 Yekaterina SILINA journalist homicide Moscow nJ View
27/10/2010 Yevgeny FEDOTOV journalist homicide Chita, Transbaikal Region nJ View
01/10/2010 Dayan SHAKIROV journalist not confirmed Yurya settlement, Kirov Region ?J View
11/08/2010 Magomedvagif SULTANMAGOMEDOV director homicide Makhachkala, Dagestan ?J View
01/08/2010 Malika BETIEVA chief editor, deputy accident Starye Atagi, Chechnya nJ View
25/07/2010 Bella KSALOVA journalist accident Cherkessk, Karachaevo-Cherkessia nJ View
25/06/2010 Dmitry OKKERT journalist homicide Moscow city centre nJ View
 
 
Date First Surname Job Incident Federal District + Motive  
13/05/2010 Said IBRAGIMOV director terrorist act Sergokalinsky district, Dagestan J View
05/05/2010 Shamil ALIYEV director homicide Makhachkala, Dagestan ?J View
18/03/2010 Maxim ZUYEV journalist homicide Kaliningrad nJ View
23/02/2010 Ivan STEPANOV journalist homicide Khilok, Transbaikal Region nJ View
20/01/2010 Konstantin POPOV journalist homicide Tomsk nJ View
16/11/2009 Olga KOTOVSKAYA director not confirmed Kaliningrad ?J View
25/10/2009 Maksharip AUSHEV director homicide Nalchik, Kabardino-Balkaria ?J View
11/08/2009 Malik AKHMEDILOV chief editor homicide Makhachkala, Dagestan ?J View
15/07/2009 Natalya ESTEMIROVA journalist homicide Gazi-Yurt, Ingushetia J View
04/07/2009 Natalya OSTANINA journalist accident River Ob, Yamalo-Nenets Region J View
 
 
Date First Surname Job Incident Federal District + Motive  
04/07/2009 Nelya LONGORTOVA journalist accident River Ob, Yamalo-Nenets Region J View
04/07/2009 Victor KURTYAMOV cameraman accident River Ob, Yamalo-Nenets Region J View
29/06/2009 Vyacheslav YAROSHENKO chief editor not confirmed Rostov-on-Don ?J View
30/03/2009 Sergei PROTAZANOV media worker, layout artist not confirmed Khimki, Moscow Region nJ View
19/01/2009 Anastasia BABUROVA journalist homicide Prechistenka St, Moscow J View
04/01/2009 Vladislav ZAKHARCHUK media worker, manager not confirmed Vladivostok, Primorsky Region ?J View
04/01/2009 Shafig AMRAKHOV chief editor homicide Murmansk nJ View
02/09/2008 Telman ALISHAYEV journalist homicide Makhachkala, Dagestan J View
31/08/2008 Magomed YEVLOYEV chief editor homicide Nazran, Ingushetia J View
22/08/2008 Yury GUSELNIKOV journalist missing Altai Republic nJ View
 
 
Date First Surname Job Incident Federal District + Motive  
10/06/2008 Vadim SHEVTSOV journalist missing Irkutsk nJ View
21/03/2008 Gadji ABASHILOV director homicide Makhachkala, Dagestan ?J View
21/03/2008 Ilyas SHURPAYEV journalist homicide Veshnikh vod St, Moscow ?J View
08/02/2008 Yelena SHESTAKOVA journalist homicide Malaya Karpatskaya St, St Petersburg nJ View
23/11/2007 Valery Dragilev journalist accident Leningrad Region J View
28/09/2007 Pavel SOTNIK media worker, senior editor accident St Petersburg nJ View
01/08/2007 Igor KUDRYASHOV journalist not confirmed Artyomovsky, Sverdlovsk Region nJ View
21/07/2007 Marianna SHATIKHINA media worker, editor accident Moscow nJ View
16/07/2007 Alexander ZHADAYEV cameraman accident Penza J View
05/04/2007 Vyacheslav IFANOV cameraman not confirmed Aleisk, Altai ?J View
 
 
Date First Surname Job Incident Federal District + Motive  
15/03/2007 Leonid ETKIND director homicide Vodnik, Saratov Region nJ View
02/03/2007 Ivan SAFRONOV journalist not confirmed Nizhegorodskaya St, Moscow ?J View
01/02/2007 Ivan Goryaev-Sandji journalist accident Elista, Kalmykia nJ View
20/01/2007 Konstantin BOROVKO media worker, presenter homicide Vladivostok, Primorsky Region nJ View
14/01/2007 Yury SHEBALKIN journalist homicide Kaliningrad nJ View
28/12/2006 Vadim KUZNETSOV chief editor homicide Kiev Highway, St Petersburg nJ View
16/10/2006 Anatoly VORONIN media worker, manager homicide Moscow nJ View
07/10/2006 Anna POLITKOVSKAYA journalist homicide Lesnaya St, Moscow J View
13/09/2006 Vyacheslav PLOTNIKOV journalist not confirmed Voronezh ?J View
09/09/2006 Konstantin AKSYONOV journalist homicide Orenburg Region nJ View
 
 
Date First Surname Job Incident Federal District + Motive  
17/08/2006 Elina ERSENOYEVA journalist missing Grozny, Chechnya ?J View
08/08/2006 Alexander PETROV chief editor homicide Altai Region nJ View
31/07/2006 Anatoly KOZULIN journalist homicide Ukhta, Komi nJ View
25/07/2006 Yevgeny GERASIMENKO journalist homicide Saratov nJ View
25/06/2006 Anton KRETENCHUK cameraman homicide Rostov-on-Don nJ View
23/05/2006 Vyacheslav AKATOV journalist homicide Mytyshchi, Moscow Region nJ View
14/05/2006 Oleg BARABYSHKIN director homicide Chelyabinsk nJ View
04/05/2006 Oksana TESLO media worker, editor homicide Moscow Region nJ View
02/05/2006 Vladimir KOCHETOV cameraman accident Moscow J View
30/04/2006 Konstantin LASKIN journalist not confirmed Moscow Region nJ View
 
 
Date First Surname Job Incident Federal District + Motive  
26/02/2006 Ilya ZIMIN journalist homicide Moscow nJ View
08/01/2006 Vagif KOCHETKOV journalist homicide Tula nJ View
04/11/2005 Kira LEZHNEVA journalist homicide Kamensk-Uralsky, Sverdlovsk Region nJ View
13/10/2005 Tamirlan KAZIKHANOV journalist crossfire Nalchik, Kabardino-Balkaria J View
03/09/2005 Vladimir Pashutin chief editor not confirmed Smolensk nJ View
31/08/2005 Alexander PITERSKY journalist homicide Razezhaya St, St Petersburg nJ View
28/07/2005 Magomed VARISOV journalist homicide Makhachkala, Dagestan J View
16/07/2005 Mavlon RADJABOV journalist homicide Moscow nJ View
23/05/2005 Pavel MAKEYEV journalist not confirmed Bataisk, Rostov Region ?J View
05/03/2005 Oksana Zelenko journalist accident Krasnoyarsk Region J View
 
Date First Surname Job Incident Federal District + Motive  
09/12/2004 Alexei MIKHEYEV journalist accident district, Penza Region J View
27/09/2004 Jan TRAVINSKY journalist homicide Irkutsk nJ View
18/09/2004 Vladimir PRITCHIN chief editor homicide district, Buryatia J View
24/08/2004 Oleg BELOZYOROV chief editor terrorist act Moscow-Volgograd flight nJ View
24/08/2004 Svetlana SHISHKINA journalist homicide Kazan, Tatarstan nJ View
03/08/2004 Vladimir NAUMOV journalist homicide Zelenograd, Moscow Region nJ View
17/07/2004 Pail PELOYAN media worker, editor homicide Moscow Ring Road nJ View
10/07/2004 Zoya IVANOVA media worker, presenter homicide Ulan Ude, Buryatia nJ View
01/07/2004 Maxim MAXIMOV journalist homicide St Petersburg J View
10/06/2004 Alexander Kravchenko media worker, producer accident Tula J View
Date First Surname Job Incident Federal District + Motive  
10/06/2004 Yevgeny Makeyev cameraman accident Tula J View
09/06/2004 Paul KLEBNIKOV chief editor homicide Dokukin St, Moscow J View
09/05/2004 Adlan KHASANOV journalist terrorist act Grozny, Chechnya J View
02/05/2004 Shangysh MONGUSH journalist homicide district, Tuva nJ View
23/03/2004 Farit URAZBAYEV cameraman not confirmed Vladivostok, Primorsky Region nJ View
01/02/2004 Yefim SUKHANOV journalist homicide Arkhangelsk nJ View
25/12/2003 Pyotr BABENKO chief editor homicide Liski, Voronezh Region nJ View
15/12/2003 Khanpash TERKIBAYEV media worker, presenter accident Grozny, Chechnya nJ View
30/10/2003 Valery OVSYANNIKOV cameraman accident district, Rostov Region J View
30/10/2003 Yury BUGROV media worker, editor homicide Balakovo, Saratov Region nJ View

 

 

 

 
 
 
               
               
Date First Surname Job Incident Federal District + Motive  
24/10/2003 Alexei BAKHTIN journalist homicide district, Mari El nJ View
09/10/2003 Alexei SIDOROV chief editor homicide Togliatti, Samara Region ?J View
04/10/2003 Natalya Astafyeva journalist accident Tyumen Region J View
04/10/2003 Sergei Isakov cameraman accident Tyumen Region J View
14/08/2003 Galina Morozova journalist accident Izhevsk, Udmurtia J View
10/08/2003 Martin KRAUS journalist homicide Gumbetovskoi district, Dagestan nJ View
07/08/2003 Isa ABAYEV media worker missing Grozny, Chechnya nJ View
18/07/2003 Alikhan GULIYEV journalist homicide Startovaya St, Moscow nJ View
04/07/2003 Ali ASTAMIROV journalist missing Nazran, Ingushetia ?J View
03/07/2003 Yury SHCHEKOCHIKHIN journalist homicide Central clinical hospital, Moscow J View

 

 

 

 

 

Date First Surname Job Incident Federal District + Motive  
13/05/2003 Yevgeny Golub media worker accident Stavropol Region J View
13/05/2003 Julianna Bondareva journalist accident Stavropol Region J View
13/05/2003 Victor BOGMA media worker accident Stavropol Region J View
09/05/2003 Alexander SAMULTSEV journalist not confirmed Barnaul, Altai nJ View
03/05/2003 Konstantin Kozar journalist accident Chita Region J View
03/05/2003 Ruslan Yamalov photographer accident Chita Region J View
03/05/2003 Julianna Nakhodkina journalist accident Chita Region J View
03/05/2003 Galina Kovalskaya journalist accident Chita Region J View
18/04/2003 Dmitry SHVETS director, deputy homicide Murmansk nJ View
14/04/2003 Alexander Vorobyov director missing Tula nJ View

 

Date First Surname Job Incident Federal District + Motive  
21/02/2003 Sergei Verbitsky director, publisher homicide Chita nJ View
11/01/2003 Yury TISHKOV journalist homicide Dmitrovskoe highway, Moscow nJ View
07/01/2003 Vladimir SUKHOMLIN journalist homicide Narofominskaya St, Moscow J View
07/01/2003 Maria ANDREYEVA journalist not confirmed Novoyasenevsky Prospect, Moscow nJ View
21/12/2002 Dmitry SHALAYEV chief editor, deputy homicide Kazan, Tatarstan nJ View
26/10/2002 Tamara VOINOVA journalist terrorist act Dubrovka theatre, Moscow nJ View
26/10/2002 Maxim MIKHAILOV journalist terrorist act Dubrovka theatre, Moscow nJ View
19/10/2002 Leonid Plotnikov media worker, manager homicide Yoshkar-Ola, Mari El nJ View
02/10/2002 Yelena POPOVA media worker, manager homicide Novosibirsk nJ View
26/09/2002 Roderick SCOTT journalist crossfire Galashki, Ingushetia J View

 

Date First Surname Job Incident Federal District + Motive  
06/06/2002 Pavel Morozov director homicide Smolensk nJ View
20/05/2002 Alexander Plotnikov director, publisher homicide Tyumen nJ View
29/04/2002 Valery IVANOV chief editor homicide Togliatti, Samara Region J View
28/04/2002 Konstantin Stepanov journalist accident Krasnoyarsk Region J View
28/04/2002 Igor Gareyev cameraman accident Krasnoyarsk Region J View
28/04/2002 Natalya Pivovarova journalist accident Krasnoyarsk Region J View
25/04/2002 Leonid Shevchenko media worker, editor homicide Volgograd nJ View
04/04/2002 Vitaly Sakhn-Vald photographer homicide Kursk nJ View
01/04/2002 Sergei KALINOVSKY chief editor homicide Smolensk nJ View
31/03/2002 Valery Batuyev journalist homicide Otkrytoe Highway, Moscow nJ View

 

Date First Surname Job Incident Federal District + Motive  
08/03/2002 Natalya SKRYL journalist homicide Taganrog, Rostov Region ?J View
04/03/2002 Konstantin Pogodin journalist homicide Nizhny Novgorod nJ View
27/01/2002 Yury Baranyuk journalist accident Shelkovo, Chechnya J View
18/01/2002 Svetlana Makarenko media worker, manager homicide Krasnodar nJ View
01/12/2001 Boris Mityurev journalist homicide Chelyabinsk nJ View
21/11/2001 Alexander Babaikin chief editor, deputy homicide Yoshkar-Ola, Mari El nJ View
16/11/2001 Oleg Vedenin director homicide Novokuznetsk, Kemerovo Region nJ View
11/11/2001 Yevgeny Smelyansky media worker, presenter missing Khasavyurt, Dagestan ?J View
05/11/2001 Elina Voronova journalist homicide Kostroma nJ View
24/10/2001 Alan Kalayev journalist accident Vladikavkaz, North Ossetia nJ View

 

Date First Surname Job Incident Federal District + Motive  
19/09/2001 Eduard MARKEVICH chief editor homicide Reftinsky, Sverdlovsk Region J View
11/09/2001 Andrei Sheiko journalist homicide Novaya Basmannaya St, Moscow nJ View
02/06/2001 Lydia Gemma journalist accident district, Khabarovsk Region J View
02/06/2001 Vladimir Pivovarov cameraman accident district, Khabarovsk Region J View
02/06/2001 Larisa Maklakova journalist accident district, Khabarovsk Region J View
02/06/2001 Victor POPKOV journalist crossfire Alkhan-Kala, Chechnya J View
02/06/2001 Yury Apollonov cameraman accident district, Khabarovsk Region J View
17/05/2001 Vladimir KIRSANOV chief editor homicide Kurgan J View
13/04/2001 Sergei Korabelnikov cameraman missing Tula nJ View
31/03/2001 Oleg Dolgantsev journalist homicide Petrozavodsk, Karelia nJ View

 

Date First Surname Job Incident Federal District + Motive  
08/03/2001 Andrei Pivovarov journalist homicide Pechersky district, Pskov Region nJ View
24/02/2001 Leonid Grigoryev media worker, editor homicide Chelyabinsk nJ View
01/02/2001 Eduard Burmagin journalist homicide Vsevolozhsk, Leningrad Region nJ View
23/12/2000 Valery Kondakov photographer homicide Armavir, Krasnodar Region nJ View
28/11/2000 Nikolai Karmanov journalist homicide Lyubim, Yaroslavl Region nJ View
23/11/2000 Adam Tepsurkayev cameraman homicide Alkhan-Kala (Yermolovka), Chechnya ?J View
20/11/2000 Pavel Asaulchenko cameraman homicide Krutitsky val, Moscow nJ View
08/11/2000 Igor Savin chief editor not confirmed Zhukovsky, Moscow Region nJ View
03/11/2000 Sergei Loginov chief editor not confirmed Togliatti, Samara Region nJ View
21/10/2000 Raif ABLYASHEV photographer homicide Kungur, Perm Region nJ View

 

Date First Surname Job Incident Federal District + Motive  
20/10/2000 Oleg Goryansky journalist homicide Cherepovets, Vologda Region nJ View
18/10/2000 Georgy Garibyan media worker, presenter homicide Rostov-on-Don nJ View
03/10/2000 Sergei Ivanov director homicide Togliatti, Samara Region ?J View
21/09/2000 Iskander KHATLONI journalist homicide Onezhskaya St, Moscow nJ View
26/07/2000 Sergei NOVIKOV director homicide Smolensk ?J View
19/07/2000 Nikolai Kolesov journalist not confirmed Revda, Sverdlovsk Region nJ View
01/06/2000 Valery Tokarev journalist not confirmed Prokopyevsk, Kemerovo Region nJ View
16/05/2000 Igor DOMNIKOV journalist homicide Pererva St, Moscow J View
13/05/2000 Alexander YEFREMOV photographer crossfire Alkhan-Kala, Chechnya J View
01/05/2000 Boris GASHEV journalist homicide Perm nJ View

 

Date First Surname Job Incident Federal District + Motive  
17/04/2000 Oleg POLUKEYEV chief editor, deputy homicide Altufyevskoe metro station, Moscow nJ View
01/04/2000 Sergei PANARIN journalist missing Shabalino, Kirov Region ?J View
22/03/2000 Luisa ARZHIEVA journalist crossfire Avtury, Chechnya J View
14/03/2000 Harmut Shulz photographer not confirmed Kaliningrad nJ View
09/03/2000 Artyom BOROVIK journalist not confirmed Sheremetyevo 1, Moscow ?J View
10/02/2000 Ludmila ZAMANA journalist homicide Samara nJ View
01/02/2000 Vladimir YATSINA photographer homicide south, Chechnya J View
17/12/1999 Alexander LOSKUTOV journalist accident Grozny, Chechnya J View
29/10/1999 Ramzan MEZHIDOV journalist crossfire Shami Yurt, Chechnya J View
29/10/1999 Shamil GIGAYEV cameraman crossfire Shami Yurt, Chechnya J View

 

 

Date First Surname Job Incident Federal District + Motive  
27/10/1999 Supyan EPENDIYEV journalist crossfire Grozny, Chechnya J View
27/09/1999 Christopher REESE media worker, producer homicide Tverskaya St, Moscow nJ View
30/08/1999 Lubov LOBODA chief editor homicide Kuybyshev, Novosibirsk Region nJ View
22/08/1999 Sergei Shcherbovich cameraman not confirmed district, Murmansk Region nJ View
22/08/1999 Yevgeny Vedernikov director not confirmed district, Murmansk Region nJ View
30/06/1999 Vadim RUDENKO journalist homicide Ovchinnikovskaya embankment, Moscow nJ View
10/06/1999 Dmitry Kormakov director not confirmed Nizhny Novgorod nJ View
30/05/1999 Alexei Kulanov media worker, presenter homicide Syktyvkar, Komi nJ View
04/03/1999 Andrei POLYAKOV journalist homicide Boulevard Dmitry Donskoi, Moscow nJ View
25/02/1999 Valentina Mirolyubova journalist homicide Yaroslavl nJ View

 

Date First Surname Job Incident Federal District + Motive  
25/02/1999 Nikolai Mirolyubov journalist homicide Yaroslavl nJ View
19/02/1999 Gennady BODROV photographer homicide Kursk nJ View
09/02/1999 Valentina Neverova chief editor accident Samara J View
30/12/1998 Sergei Chechugo chief editor, deputy not confirmed Vladivostok, Primorsky Region ?J View
04/10/1998 Galina Mashtakova journalist accident   J View
02/09/1998 Farid SIDAUI media worker, editor homicide Ramenka St, Moscow nJ View
29/08/1998 Victor SHAMRO journalist homicide St Petersburg nJ View
27/08/1998 Mirbaba Seidov media worker, editor homicide district, Kaliningrad Region nJ View
24/08/1998 Anatoly LEVIN-UTKIN chief editor, deputy homicide St Petersburg ?J View
17/08/1998 Sergei Semenduyev chief editor missing Makhachkala, Dagestan nJ View

 

Date First Surname Job Incident Federal District + Motive  
28/07/1998 Vladimir Ustinov journalist homicide Ivanovo nJ View
07/06/1998 Larisa YUDINA chief editor homicide Elista, Kalmykia J View
20/05/1998 Igor MYASNIKOV director homicide Kineshma, Yaroslavl Region nJ View
06/04/1998 Lira Lobach journalist homicide district, Tomsk Region nJ View
02/04/1998 Ivan Fedyunin media worker, editor homicide Bryansk nJ View
30/01/1998 Vladimir ZBARATSKY journalist homicide Mosfilmoskaya St, Moscow nJ View
20/11/1997 Andrei FADIN journalist accident Kutuzovsky prospect, Moscow nJ View
19/10/1997 Lydia Lazarenko media worker, editor homicide Nizhny Novgorod nJ View
06/08/1997 Valery KRIVOSHEYEV journalist homicide Lipetsk nJ View
03/08/1997 Andrei Pralnikov journalist accident   J View

 

Date First Surname Job Incident Federal District + Motive  
30/06/1997 Manuk ZHAZHOYAN journalist accident Nevsky prospekt, St Petersburg nJ View
21/06/1997 Inessa Donchenko media worker, broadcaster accident Sokolniki district, Moscow nJ View
10/05/1997 Alexander Korkin director, publisher homicide Pereslavl-Zalessky, Yaroslavl Region nJ View
01/04/1997 Valentin Karkavtsev journalist accident Mezhevo, Tver Region nJ View
30/03/1997 Nikolai Mozolin journalist homicide Kirovsk, Leningrad Region nJ View
23/03/1997 Vladimir ALIYEV journalist homicide Prokhladnoe, Kabardino-Balkaria nJ View
25/02/1997 Vadim BIRYUKOV chief editor homicide Novolesnaya St, Moscow nJ View
12/02/1997 Vyacheslav ZVONAREV media worker, editor homicide Kursk nJ View
03/02/1997 Yury BALDIN chief editor homicide Chelyabinsk nJ View
16/01/1997 Alexei YELDASHOV journalist homicide Khabarovsk nJ View

 

Date First Surname Job Incident Federal District + Motive  
16/01/1997 Nikolai LAPIN chief editor homicide Togliatti, Samara Region nJ View
07/12/1996 Anatoly Belousov chief editor homicide Moscow Region nJ View
06/12/1996 Kirill Polenov journalist homicide Vladikavkaz, North Ossetia nJ View
10/11/1996 Marina GORELOVA journalist terrorist act Kotlyakovskoe cemetery, Moscow J View
10/11/1996 Yury SHMAKOV media worker, consultant terrorist act Kotlyakovskoe cemetery, Moscow J View
31/10/1996 Sergei Semisotov media worker, editor homicide Volgograd nJ View
29/10/1996 Lev BOGOMOLOV chief editor not confirmed Kaluga nJ View
27/10/1996 Anatoly TYUTINKOV director not confirmed St Petersburg nJ View
16/09/1996 En Chan KIM journalist homicide Zhulebino, Moscow nJ View
11/08/1996 Ramzan KHADJIEV journalist crossfire Grozny, Chechnya

 

 

   
Date First Surname Job Incident Federal District + Motive  
01/08/1996 Ivan GOGUN journalist crossfire Grozny, Chechnya J View
26/07/1996 Nikita CHIGARKOV journalist homicide Moscow nJ View
11/05/1996 Victor MIKHAILOV journalist homicide Chita ?J View
09/05/1996 Nina YEFIMOVA journalist homicide Grozny, Chechnya J View
22/04/1996 Valery Zufarov photographer accident   J View
18/04/1996 Anatoly YAGODIN journalist crossfire Assinovskaya, Chechnya J View
30/03/1996 Nadezhda CHAIKOVA journalist homicide Gekhi, Chechnya J View
11/03/1996 Victor PIMENOV cameraman crossfire Grozny, Chechnya J View
26/02/1996 Felix SOLOVYOV journalist homicide Moscow nJ View
08/02/1996 Yury Litvinov director homicide Dalnegorsk, Primorsky Region nJ View
Date First Surname Job Incident Federal District + Motive  
08/02/1996 Alexander Zaitsev director homicide Dalnegorsk, Primorsky Region nJ View
25/01/1996 Oleg SLABYNKO media worker, producer homicide Moscow nJ View
26/12/1995 Vadim ALFERYEV journalist homicide Krasnoyarsk ?J View
24/12/1995 Yevgeny MOLCHANOV cameraman accident district, Chechnya J View
12/12/1995 Shamkhan KAGIROV journalist crossfire Grozny district, Chechnya J View
10/12/1995 Yaroslav ZVALTSEV director homicide Magnitogorsk, Chelyabinsk Region nJ View
12/11/1995 Victor LITVINOV journalist homicide Pr. Vernadsky metro station, Moscow nJ View
08/11/1995 Sergei Ananyev media worker, manager homicide Irkutsk nJ View
02/11/1995 Andrei Ulanov chief editor homicide Togliatti, Samara Region ?J View
01/09/1995 Igor FILIMONOV chief editor not confirmed Tula nJ View
Date First Surname Job Incident Federal District + Motive  
10/08/1995 Vadim OBEKHOV journalist homicide Petropavlovsk, Kamchatka Region nJ View
04/08/1995 Sergei NAZAROV media worker, editor homicide Pyatnitskaya St, Moscow nJ View
25/07/1995 Andrew Shumak Jr photographer missing Grozny, Chechnya ?J View
17/06/1995 Natalya ALYAKINA-MROSZEK journalist crossfire Budyonnovsk, Stavropol Region J View
06/06/1995 Alexander KONOVALENKO journalist homicide Volgograd ?J View
05/06/1995 Sergei IVANOV photographer missing south, Chechnya ?J View
22/05/1995 Farkhad KERIMOV cameraman homicide Vedeno, Chechnya J View
06/05/1995 Malkan SULEIMANOVA journalist crossfire Shatoi, Chechnya J View
31/03/1995 Ruslan TSEBIYEV journalist homicide Grozny, Chechnya ?J View
16/03/1995 Alexei KHROPOV director homicide Leningrad Highway, Moscow Region nJ View
Date First Surname Job Incident Federal District + Motive  
08/03/1995 Oleg OCHKASOV journalist homicide Voronezh nJ View
03/03/1995 Igor Kaverin media worker, engineer homicide district, Primorsky Region nJ View
01/03/1995 Vladislav LISTYEV director homicide Moscow nJ View
27/02/1995 Maxim Shabalin journalist missing Orekhovo, Chechnya ?J View
27/02/1995 Felix TITOV journalist missing Orekhovo, Chechnya ?J View
17/02/1995 Vyacheslav Rudnev journalist homicide Kaluga ?J View
21/01/1995 Timofei GRIGORYANTS media worker, editor accident Moscow nJ View
14/01/1995 Valentin YANUS journalist crossfire Grozny, Chechnya J View
10/01/1995 Jochen PIEST journalist crossfire Chervlyonnaya, Chechnya J View
07/01/1995 Sultan NURIYEV journalist not confirmed Grozny, Chechnya ?J View
Date First Surname Job Incident Federal District + Motive  
01/01/1995 Vladimir ZHITARENKO journalist crossfire Grozny, Chechnya J View
01/01/1995 Pyotr NOVIKOV journalist homicide Moscow nJ View
31/12/1994 Bilal AKHMADOV journalist crossfire Grozny, Chechnya J View
30/12/1994 Vladimir ANISIMOV journalist homicide Moscow nJ View
22/12/1994 Cynthia ELBAUM photographer crossfire Grozny, Chechnya J View
14/12/1994 Gelani CHARIGOV journalist crossfire Grozny, Chechnya J View
26/11/1994 Hussein GUZUYEV director crossfire Grozny, Chechnya J View
17/10/1994 Dmitry KHOLODOV journalist homicide 1905 St, Moscow J View
15/10/1994 Tatyana ZHURAVLYOVA media worker homicide Voronezh Region nJ View
15/10/1994 Igor ZHURAVLYOV media worker homicide Voronezh Region nJ View
Date First Surname Job Incident Federal District + Motive  
17/07/1994 Yelena ROSHCHINA media worker, editor homicide Ivanovo nJ View
15/06/1994 Yury SOLTYS journalist homicide Moscow Region ?J View
13/05/1994 Edmund YODKOVSKY chief editor accident Moscow nJ View
26/04/1994 Andrei AIDZERDZIS director, publisher homicide Khimki, Moscow Region nJ View
01/02/1994 Sergei DUBOV director, publisher homicide Moscow nJ View
09/12/1993 Marina ISKANDEROVA journalist homicide Nadym, Yamalo-Nenets Region nJ View
29/11/1993 Yelena TKACHOVA media worker, proof-reader terrorist act Krasnodar J View
04/10/1993 Alexander SIDELNIKOV journalist crossfire Supreme Soviet building, Moscow J View
04/10/1993 Alexander SMIRNOV journalist crossfire Supreme Soviet building, Moscow J View
03/10/1993 Sergei KRASILNIKOV media worker, editor homicide Ostankino, Moscow J View
Date First Surname Job Incident Federal District + Motive  
03/10/1993 Igor BELOZYOROV media worker, editor crossfire Ostankino, Moscow J View
03/10/1993 Yvan SKOPAN journalist crossfire Ostankino, Moscow J View
03/10/1993 Rory PECK cameraman crossfire Ostankino, Moscow J View
03/10/1993 Vladimir DROBYSHEV media worker, editor crossfire Ostankino, Moscow J View
14/04/1993 Dmitry KRIKORYANTS journalist homicide Grozny, Chechnya J View

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Putin Dead ? !

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Vladimir Putin is the latest celeb to fall victim to a death hoax
News of politician Vladimir Putin’s death spread quickly earlier this week causing concern among fans across the world. However the March 2015 report has now been confirmed as a complete hoax and just the latest in a string of fake celebrity death reports. Thankfully, the Russian president is alive and well.

Vladimir Putin death hoax spreads on Facebook

Rumors of the politician’s alleged demise gained traction on Sunday after a ‘R.I.P. Vladimir Putin’ Facebook page attracted nearly one million of ‘likes’. Those who read the ‘About’ page were given a believable account of the Russian politician’s passing:

At about 11 a.m. ET on Sunday (March 01, 2015), our beloved politician Vladimir Putin passed away. Vladimir Putin was born on October 7, 1952 in Saint Petersburg. He will be missed but not forgotten. Please show your sympathy and condolences by commenting on and liking this page.

Hundreds of fans immediately started writing their messages of condolence on the Facebook page, expressing their sadness that the talented 62-year-old politician and president was dead. And as usual, Twittersphere was frenzied over the death hoax.

Where as some trusting fans believed the post, others were immediately skeptical of the report, perhaps learning their lesson from the huge amount of fake death reports emerging about celebrities over recent months. Some pointed out that the news had not been carried on any major Russian network, indicating that it was a fake report, as the death of a politician of Vladimir Putin’s stature would be major news across networks.

A recent poll conducted for the Celebrity Post shows that a large majority (67%) of respondents think those Vladimir Putin death rumors are not funny anymore.

Vladimir Putin Death Hoax Dismissed Since Politician Is ‘Alive And Well’

On Monday (March 02) the politician’s reps officially confirmed that Vladimir Putin is not dead. “He joins the long list of celebrities who have been victimized by this hoax. He’s still alive and well, stop believing what you see on the Internet,” they said.

Some fans have expressed anger at the fake report saying it was reckless, distressing and hurtful to fans of the much loved politician. Others say this shows his extreme popularity across the globe.

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STASI-Spitzenspion, Waffennarr und MÖRDER

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Im Sommer 1967 erschoss der Polizist Karl-Heinz Kurras bei einer Demonstration in West-Berlin den Studenten Benno Ohnesorg. Die Tat gilt als Mitauslöser der 68er-Revolte. Kurras blieb ein freier Mann – auch, als viele Jahre später seine Stasi-Tätigkeit herauskam. Nun wurde bekannt, dass er bereits vor Weihnachten gestorben ist. Ein Mann, der immer noch viele Rätsel aufgibt. Von Sabrina Wendling

Karl-Heinz Kurras hatte zwei Identitäten. Einmal Karl-Heinz Kurras, der West-Berliner Polizist, der im Juni 1967 am Rande einer Demonstration den Studenten Benno Ohnesorg erschoss. Und einmal Otto Bohl, wie sich Kurras als Inoffizieller Mitarbeiter der DDR-Staatssicherheit nannte. Ein Doppelleben, das viel aussagt über einen zerrissenen und auch rätselhaften Mann, über den bis heute in der Öffentlichkeit nur wenig bekannt ist. Denn über seine Stasi-Vergangenheit wollte er nicht sprechen.

Ein komplizierter Mensch

Vor allem eines weiß man über ihn: Dass er Waffen liebte. Bei einer Polizeidurchsuchung 2009 wurden in seiner Wohnung ein Trommelrevolver, ein Totschläger und eine Menge Munition gefunden. Spiegel-Journalist Peter Wensierski hat sich bei seinen Recherchen zum getöteten Studenten Benno Ohnesorg auch ausführlich mit Karl-Heinz Kurras befasst. Er berichtet von einem komplizierten Menschen, der als junger Mann in den Krieg zog: “Kurras war mit 17, 18 an der Ostfront. Er hat eine Begeisterung für das Schießen aus dem Krieg mitgebracht.” Auch nach dem Krieg ging er jeden fast jeden Sonntag auf den Schießplatz. Ein Waffennarr, sagt Wensierski: “Er hat seinen Agentenlohn der Stasi – 400 oder 500 Mark monatlich, viel Geld damals – für das Schießen ausgegeben.”

Kurras sei ein Mann gewesen, so Wensierski, der seine Kriegserlebnisse nicht aufgearbeitet habe, der stets bemüht gewesen sei, eine Fassade aufrecht zu erhalten – besonders schwierig angesichts seiner Doppelfunktion als Polizist und Stasi-Agent. “Nichts stimmte eigentlich an ihm, aber die Fassade musste stimmen. Alles, was das durcheinander brachte, diese chaotischen Studenten – er war wie alle anderen Polizisten an diesem Tag voller Hass, denke ich.” Kurras habe gesagt, dass er auf alles “scheiße”, was sich ihm in den Weg stelle. Laut Wensierski eine Person, die die Gewalt des Krieges, die Nichtaufarbeitung der Erlebnisse mit diesem Schuss auf Ohnesorg weitergegeben hat.

Diese Unberechenbarkeit und seine Affinität zu Waffen waren der Grund, dass der Stasi-Wissenschaftler Helmut Müller-Enbergs Kurras nie persönlich aufsuchte. Müller-Enbergs arbeitet für die Stasi-Unterlagenbehörde in Berlin. Er deckte 2009 gemeinsam mit einer Kollegin auf, dass Kurras für die Stasi spioniert hatte. Ein Fund, der ihm den Boden unter den Füßen wegzog. “Ich bin vom Stuhl gefallen. So etwas hatte ich noch nie auf meinem Schreibtisch liegen.”

Ausgeprochen eifrig im Dienst der Stasi

Aus den Akten ging hervor, dass Kurras sich bereits 1955 als Stasi-Mitarbeiter verpflichtet hatte. In Eigeninitiative. Helmut Müller-Enbergs fand heraus, dass Kurras ausgesprochen diensteifrig war. Er habe über alles berichtet, was ihm unterkam – eine Spitzenquelle, vergleichbar mit “Topas” (alias Rainer Rupp) in der Nato, mit “Gisela” (Gabriele Gast) oder “Paul” (Heinz Felfe) beim BND, so Müller-Enbergs.

Für die Staatssicherheit war Kurras wertvoll, weil er zuverlässig interne Informationen der West-Berliner Polizei weitergab. Nach dem Tod Benno Ohnesorgs fürchtete die Stasi, die Aufklärung des Todesfalls in den späten sechziger Jahren könne Kurras als Spitzel enttarnen. Das geschah jedoch nicht bis zum Jahr 2009, als Helmut Müller-Enbergs und seine Kollegin zufällig auf die Akte des Inoffiziellen Mitarbeiters Otto Bohl stießen.

Kurras wurde nie der fahrlässigen Tötung oder gar des Mordes schuldig gesprochen – 1971 wurde er vor Gericht freigesprochen, 2011 wurde ein neues Verfahren gegen ihn eingestellt. Aus Mangel an Beweisen.

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Auf der Todesliste – Enthüllungsjournalist weiß zuviel

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http://deutsche-wirtschafts-nachrichten.de/2015/01/27/argentinien-enthuellungs-journalist-fuerchtet-um-sein-leben-und-flieht/

 

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Revealed – Brazil Truth Commission Releases Report

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Truth commissioners giving the report to Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff this morning. Photo Credit: National Truth Commission website.

Almost thirty years after the end of Brazil’s military dictatorship, the Comissao Nacional da Verdade [National Truth Commission] today released its long awaited report on human rights violations by the security forces between 1964 and 1985. The report, which took two-and-a-half years to complete and totals over 1000 pages, represents the first formal attempt by Brazil as a nation to record its repressive past and provide a detailed accounting of the system of repression, the victims of human rights violations, as well as the identities of those who committed those crimes.

In contrast to the U.S. Senate report on torture released yesterday in Washington which redacted even the pseudonyms of CIA personnel who engaged in torture, the Brazilian report identified over 375 perpetrators of atrocities by name.

The report contains detailed chapters on the structure and methods of the repression during the military era, including targeted violence against women and children. The commission identified over 400 individuals killed by the military, many of them “disappeared” as the military sought to hide its abuses. During its investigation, the Commission located and identified the remains of 33 of the disappeared; some 200 other victims remain missing.

The report also sheds significant light on Brazil’s role in the cross-border regional repression known as Operation Condor. In a chapter titled “International Connections: From Repressive Alliances in the Southern Cone to Operation Condor,” the Commission report details Brazil’s military ties to the coup in Chile, and support for the Pinochet regime, as well as identifies Argentine citizens captured and killed in Brazil as part of a Condor collaboration between the Southern Cone military regimes.

This report opens a Pandora’s box of historical and legal accountability for Brazilians. For now it provides a verdict of history, but eventually the evidence compiled by the commission’s investigation could lead to a judicial accounting. “The Truth Commission’s final report is a major step for human rights in Brazil,” according to Brown University scholar, James Green,  “and the pursuit of justice for the victims of the state’s terror.”

In its recommendations, the Commission took the bold step of calling for a repeal of Brazil’s 1979 amnesty law which has, to date, shielded military officers from human rights prosecutions.

Those prosecutions could be aided by evidence from declassified U.S. documentation. In support of the Commission’s work, the Obama administration agreed to a special declassification project on Brazil, identifying, centralizing and reviewing hundreds of still secret CIA, Defense and State Department records from the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s. Last June, Vice President Biden personally delivered 42 documents into President Dilma Rousseff’s hands; more recently the U.S. Embassy passed another tranche of over 100 records, many of them from the CIA, to the Brazilian government. As part of a commitment Biden made to open U.S. archives, the administration is continuing to review hundreds of additional records to declassify and provide to the Brazilian government next year.

The Commissioners presented their report to President Rousseff on International Human Rights Day. Rousseff, herself a victim of torture by electric shock during the military dictatorship, was “moved to tears” as she received the report and received a standing ovation from the crowd that had gathered for the ceremony, according to the Washington Post. In her speech accepting the report, the President stated that “We hope this report prevents ghosts from a painful and sorrowful past from seeking refuge in the shadows of silence and omission.”

 


Read the three-volume Report

Brazil Truth Commission Report Website

Volume I: Part I – III

Volume I: Part IV-V

Volume II

Volume III: Introduction

 


Read Key Documents Provided by the United States

Document l: Department of State, “Widespread Arrests and Psychophysical Interrogation of Suspected Subversives,” Confidential, April 18, 1973

This intelligence cable, sent by the U.S. Consul General in Rio de Janeiro, provides detailed reporting on a “sophisticated and elaborate psychophysical” method of torture being employed by the Brazilian military against suspected militants. In response to growing international condemnation of human rights violations, the cable suggests, the Brazilian torturers have adopted more modern interrogation methods that leave less visible evidence of abuses. In cases where detainees are “eliminated,” the military is also deceiving the press by claiming they were killed in a “shoot-out” while trying to escape.

The cable was declassified on June 5, 2014, only eleven days before Biden’s trip to Brazil in order for him to provide it to President Rousseff as a diplomatic gesture. But key sections of the document are redacted, presumably at the request of the CIA, that identify the military units responsible for these atrocities — information that would be of critical use to the Brazilian Truth Commission as it attempts to hold the military accountable for the atrocities of the past.

 

Document 2: Department of State, “Political Arrests and Torture in São Paulo,” Confidential, May 8, 1973

The Consul General in Sao Paulo, Frederic Chapin, reports on a source described as “a professional informer and interrogator working for the military intelligence center in Osasco,” an industrial suburb of Sao Paulo. The source has provided graphic details on methods of abuse, including a Brazilian form of “waterboarding” that involved putting prisoners in vats of water that forced them to stand on their tiptoes for prolonged periods of time to be able to breath. The informant also provides a description of methods of executing prisoners so that their bodies could not be identified. Prisoners would be machine gunned from head to toe — a method referred to as “sewing” the suspect up.

This document was declassified in 2005, and initially provided to the Truth Commission by National Security Archive Brazil project director Peter Kornbluh. It played a key role in enabling researchers to identify the April 18, 1973, cable on psychophysical abuses, which is cited as a reference telegram. A memorandum of conversation with the informant/torturer, however, is also cited in this document and would be of exceptional value to the Truth Commission in obtaining additional information about the torture center in Osasco.

 

Document 3: Department of State, “Allegation of Torture in Brazil,” Secret, July 1, 1972

U.S. Ambassador William Rountree advises the State Department that openly protesting human rights “excesses” by the Brazilian military government will be counterproductive and “damage our general relations.” Ambassador Rountree encourages the State Department to oppose a piece of human rights legislation known as the “Tunney Amendment” which would link U.S. aid to Brazil to a U.S. government certification that the Brazilian regime was not engaged in human rights violations.

 

Document 4: Department of State, “The Esquadrão da Morte (Death Squad),” Limited Official Use, June 8, 1971

Ambassador Rountree submits an 11-page report on death squad activity in Brazil. He advises that there has been an “upsurge” of victims of unofficial operations in recent months, believed to be the work of off-duty policemen. In Sao Paulo, the death squads are reportedly led by Sergio Fleury, who has now been charged in at least one murder. Some of the victims are common prisoners, others political figures and militant opponents of the regime. Much of the information in the report is gleaned from newspaper articles; the report appears to contain almost no intelligence information.

 

Document 5: Department of State, “Conditions in DEOPS Prison as told by Detained American Citizen,” Confidential, October 7, 1970

This memorandum of conversation contains a report by a U.S. businessman, Robert Horth, who was detained by the military police in an apparent case of mistaken identity. Horth relates hearing from fellow Brazilian prisoners about torture at the prison where he is held in downtown Sao Paulo. The torture techniques include the Parrot Perch — known in Portuguese as “pau de arara” — and electrical shock to all parts of the body, as well as the “telephone technique” where an interrogator stands behind the seated prisoner and smacks both sides of his/her head repeatedly, almost destroying their eardrums.

 

 

 

Exposed by Cryptome – Fukushima Wasteland

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9 September 2014

Fukushima Wasteland

This shows devastated coastal villages north of the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant.

Most buildings were swept away by the tsunami, the wasteland now littered with boats and piled debris.


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Video – News and Response of Islamic State’s Barbaric Murder of James Foley

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News and Response of Islamic State’s Barbaric Murder of James Foley

NOTE: This video does NOT include any of the disturbing footage from the video posted by ISIS referenced.

On August 19 2014, the Islamic State posted a graphic and shocking video of the murder and beheading of James Foley, an American journalist that had been missing since November 2012. The video was sent as a warning to the United States to end military operations in Iraq and ended with a threat to kill Steven Sotloff, another journalist also held captive by ISIS.

The video was met with disgust and shock around the world, and prompted a strong response from President Barack Obama as shown in this video. Watch James Foley in his own words describe his experiences in Libya during the revolution and overthrow of the Qaddafi regime in this fascinating video.

Five Killers Convicted in Brutal Murder of Russian Journalist Anna Politkovskaya

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Five men were convicted Tuesday in Moscow in the 2006 execution-style murder of Russian investigative journalist Anna Politkovskaya.

Politkovskaya, a crusading reporter for the liberal newspaper Novaya Gazeta who worked almost full-time on documenting allegations of human rights violations in the breakaway province of Chechnya, was 48 when she was gunned down in the elevator of her apartment building in October 2006.

The murder raised worldwide questions about freedom of speech and of the press under Russian President Vladimir Putin — especially after three of the defendants were initially acquitted in 2009. The Supreme Court overturned those acquittals and ordered a new trial.

A jury in Moscow City Court returned guilty verdicts Tuesday against three Chechen brothers — Rustam, Ibragim and Dzhabrail Makhmudov — Lom-Ali Gaitukayev, their uncle, and Sergei Khadzhikurbanov, a former Moscow police officer.

It found Gaitukayev guilty of planning and organizing the murder.

Khadzhikurbanov and two of the Makhmudov brothers, Ibragim and Dzhabrail, were acquitted in the 2009 trial.

A sentencing hearing was set for Wednesday, at which prosecutors are expected to seek life in prison.

The men’s lawyers said they would appeal.

Der Journalistenmord an Putins Geburtstag

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Es ist ausgerechnet der Geburtstag des Präsidenten Putin, als in einem Moskauer Mietshaus der Mörder zuschlägt: Fünf Mal schießt er auf jene Frau, die es gewagt hatte, die Obrigkeit herauszufordern – mit Geschichten, die doch nur eine Seite ihres Landes beschreiben.

Putin beim Judo-Training. Putin beim Judo-Training.(Foto: picture-alliance/ dpa/dpaweb)

Es sind Geschichten der Willkür, der Korruption, der Brutalität. Sie handeln von Menschen wie dem ehemaligen Elektriker Wladimir Smola, der seit einem Bombenangriff auf sein Haus auf einem Massengrab lebt und den Verstand verloren hat. Oder von dem 17-jährigen Anton Berdnikow, der schwer verletzt wurde, als ihn Omon-Kräfte abschleppten und in einem Keller zusammenschlugen.

Bilderserie

Über all dies schrieb Anna Politkowskaja bei der kremlkritischen Moskauer Zeitung “Nowaja Gazeta” – und es sollte sie das Leben kosten. Vor genau fünf Jahren, am 54. Geburtstag des damaligen Präsidenten , schoss sie ein Mörder im Treppenhauses ihres Hauses mit fünf Kugeln nieder, .

Politkowskaja, die im Westen vielfach ausgezeichnete Journalistin, hatte sich ein Vergehen zuschulden kommen lassen: Sie wollte nicht schweigen. Trotz wiederholter Morddrohungen und einem Giftanschlag, trotz steter Anfeindungen durch die Behörden schrieb sie immer wieder eindringlich über die Missstände in Russland, über die Hölle des Tschetschenienkrieges, über Gewaltorgien der russischen Miliz und über Städte, die es eigentlich nicht gibt. Nun sind ihre letzten Reportagen erstmals auf Deutsch erschienen in dem Buch “Die Freiheit des Wortes. Letzte Berichte aus einem gefährdeten Land.”

Generäle verdienen an Särgen

Ramsan Kadyrow nannte Poltikowskaja eine Feindin, die dafür bezahlen werde. Ramsan Kadyrow nannte Poltikowskaja eine Feindin, die dafür bezahlen werde.(Foto: picture-alliance/ dpa)

Während das Russland unter dem Ex-Geheimdienstler Putin vom Westen hofiert wurde, schaute sie auf die andere Seite des Riesenreichs. Über Jahre bereiste sie Tschetschenien und sprach mit den Opfern des dortigen Krieges, die ausgebombt und bedroht ihr Dasein fristeten. Auch die Profiteure des Terrors beschrieb sie: Ölbarone, die prächtig von illegalen Bohrlöchern auf den “Wunderfeldern” leben, und Moskauer Generäle, die an jedem Sarg aus dem Kaukasus verdienen. Als sie einen der größten Kriegsgewinnler, , besuchte, war sie froh, mit dem Leben davonzukommen. Ihr Interview mit Tschetscheniens Herrscher von Putins Gnaden in dessen geschmackloser Festung, in der jedes Möbelstück mit Preisschildern bestückt war, gehört zu den gruseligsten Schilderungen in dem nun veröffentlichten Band.

Doch Politkowskaja schrieb nicht nur über das Chaos im Kaukasus. Vielmehr prangerte sie Missstände aller Art an, sei es im Gesundheitssystem, in Waisenhäusern oder sogenannten Filtrationspunkten, in denen die Miliz zu “Spezialmaßnahmen” gegen Oppositionelle griff. Mit klaren Worten geißelte sie das “System Putin”: “Das Land lässt sich aufs Neue von Menschen lenken, die allein in Kategorien der Provokation denken können”, heißt es in einem ihrer Artikel. Für sie gibt es ein Russland der bewaffneten uniformierten Sicherheitskräfte, die “mit der Macht verwachsen” sind. Und: alle Übrigen. Unausweichlich laufe alles auf den Zusammenstoß der zwei Welten hinaus. “Dann ist nur eins von beidem möglich. Entweder weichen wir vor ihnen zurück und sie kröpfen uns. Oder wir zwingen sie, nach unseren Regeln zu leben. Eine dritte Variante gibt es nicht.”

Anna Politkowskaja wich nicht zurück. Doch anderthalb Jahre, nachdem sie dies geschrieben hatte, fand eine Nachbarin sie ermordet im Hausflur. Mit ihr wurde eine der der raren kritischen Stimmen, die in Russland beharrlich gegen Putin und die Bande der Geheimdienstler aufbegehrten, zum Schweigen gebracht. Ihre Botschaft aber bleibt – ebenso wie ihre Artikel, die kaum etwas von ihrer Aktualität eingebüßt haben.

 

Quelle: NTV

Cyberattacks – Hackers in China Attacked The New York Times for Last 4 Months

A Cyberattack From China: TimesCast: Chinese hackers infiltrated The New York Times’s computer systems, getting passwords for its reporters and others.

SAN FRANCISCO — For the last four months, Chinese hackers have persistently attacked The New York Times, infiltrating its computer systems and getting passwords for its reporters and other employees.

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After surreptitiously tracking the intruders to study their movements and help erect better defenses to block them, The Times and computer security experts have expelled the attackers and kept them from breaking back in.

The timing of the attacks coincided with the reporting for a Times investigation, published online on Oct. 25, that found that the relatives of Wen Jiabao, China’s prime minister, had accumulated a fortune worth several billion dollars through business dealings.

Security experts hired by The Times to detect and block the computer attacks gathered digital evidence that Chinese hackers, using methods that some consultants have associated with the Chinese military in the past, breached The Times’s network. They broke into the e-mail accounts of its Shanghai bureau chief, David Barboza, who wrote the reports on Mr. Wen’s relatives, and Jim Yardley, The Times’s South Asia bureau chief in India, who previously worked as bureau chief in Beijing.

“Computer security experts found no evidence that sensitive e-mails or files from the reporting of our articles about the Wen family were accessed, downloaded or copied,” said Jill Abramson, executive editor of The Times.

The hackers tried to cloak the source of the attacks on The Times by first penetrating computers at United States universities and routing the attacks through them, said computer security experts at Mandiant, the company hired by The Times. This matches the subterfuge used in many other attacks that Mandiant has tracked to China.

The attackers first installed malware — malicious software — that enabled them to gain entry to any computer on The Times’s network. The malware was identified by computer security experts as a specific strain associated with computer attacks originating in China. More evidence of the source, experts said, is that the attacks started from the same university computers used by the Chinese military to attack United States military contractors in the past.

Security experts found evidence that the hackers stole the corporate passwords for every Times employee and used those to gain access to the personal computers of 53 employees, most of them outside The Times’s newsroom. Experts found no evidence that the intruders used the passwords to seek information that was not related to the reporting on the Wen family.

No customer data was stolen from The Times, security experts said.

Asked about evidence that indicated the hacking originated in China, and possibly with the military, China’s Ministry of National Defense said, “Chinese laws prohibit any action including hacking that damages Internet security.” It added that “to accuse the Chinese military of launching cyberattacks without solid proof is unprofessional and baseless.”

The attacks appear to be part of a broader computer espionage campaign against American news media companies that have reported on Chinese leaders and corporations.

Last year, Bloomberg News was targeted by Chinese hackers, and some employees’ computers were infected, according to a person with knowledge of the company’s internal investigation, after Bloomberg published an article on June 29 about the wealth accumulated by relatives of Xi Jinping, China’s vice president at the time. Mr. Xi became general secretary of the Communist Party in November and is expected to become president in March. Ty Trippet, a spokesman for Bloomberg, confirmed that hackers had made attempts but said that “no computer systems or computers were compromised.”

Signs of a Campaign

The mounting number of attacks that have been traced back to China suggest that hackers there are behind a far-reaching spying campaign aimed at an expanding set of targets including corporations, government agencies, activist groups and media organizations inside the United States. The intelligence-gathering campaign, foreign policy experts and computer security researchers say, is as much about trying to control China’s public image, domestically and abroad, as it is about stealing trade secrets.

Security experts said that beginning in 2008, Chinese hackers began targeting Western journalists as part of an effort to identify and intimidate their sources and contacts, and to anticipate stories that might damage the reputations of Chinese leaders.

In a December intelligence report for clients, Mandiant said that over the course of several investigations it found evidence that Chinese hackers had stolen e-mails, contacts and files from more than 30 journalists and executives at Western news organizations, and had maintained a “short list” of journalists whose accounts they repeatedly attack.

While computer security experts say China is most active and persistent, it is not alone in using computer attacks for a variety of national purposes, including corporate espionage. The United States, Israel, Russia and Iran, among others, are suspected of developing and deploying cyberweapons.

The United States and Israel have never publicly acknowledged it, but evidence indicates they released a sophisticated computer worm starting around 2008 that attacked and later caused damage at Iran’s main nuclear enrichment plant. Iran is believed to have responded with computer attacks on targets in the United States, including American banks and foreign oil companies.

Russia is suspected of having used computer attacks during its war with Georgia in 2008.

The following account of the attack on The Times — which is based on interviews with Times executives, reporters and security experts — provides a glimpse into one such spy campaign.

After The Times learned of warnings from Chinese government officials that its investigation of the wealth of Mr. Wen’s relatives would “have consequences,” executives on Oct. 24 asked AT&T, which monitors The Times’s computer network, to watch for unusual activity.

On Oct. 25, the day the article was published online, AT&T informed The Times that it had noticed behavior that was consistent with other attacks believed to have been perpetrated by the Chinese military.

The Times notified and voluntarily briefed the Federal Bureau of Investigation on the attacks and then — not initially recognizing the extent of the infiltration of its computers — worked with AT&T to track the attackers even as it tried to eliminate them from its systems.

But on Nov. 7, when it became clear that attackers were still inside its systems despite efforts to expel them, The Times hired Mandiant, which specializes in responding to security breaches. Since learning of the attacks, The Times — first with AT&T and then with Mandiant — has monitored attackers as they have moved around its systems.

Hacker teams regularly began work, for the most part, at 8 a.m. Beijing time. Usually they continued for a standard work day, but sometimes the hacking persisted until midnight. Occasionally, the attacks stopped for two-week periods, Mandiant said, though the reason was not clear.

Investigators still do not know how hackers initially broke into The Times’s systems. They suspect the hackers used a so-called spear-phishing attack, in which they send e-mails to employees that contain malicious links or attachments. All it takes is one click on the e-mail by an employee for hackers to install “remote access tools” — or RATs. Those tools can siphon off oceans of data — passwords, keystrokes, screen images, documents and, in some cases, recordings from computers’ microphones and Web cameras — and send the information back to the attackers’ Web servers.

Michael Higgins, chief security officer at The Times, said: “Attackers no longer go after our firewall. They go after individuals. They send a malicious piece of code to your e-mail account and you’re opening it and letting them in.”

Lying in Wait

Once hackers get in, it can be hard to get them out. In the case of a 2011 breach at the United States Chamber of Commerce, for instance, the trade group worked closely with the F.B.I. to seal its systems, according to chamber employees. But months later, the chamber discovered that Internet-connected devices — a thermostat in one of its corporate apartments and a printer in its offices — were still communicating with computers in China.

In part to prevent that from happening, The Times allowed hackers to spin a digital web for four months to identify every digital back door the hackers used. It then replaced every compromised computer and set up new defenses in hopes of keeping hackers out.

“Attackers target companies for a reason — even if you kick them out, they will try to get back in,” said Nick Bennett, the security consultant who has managed Mandiant’s investigation. “We wanted to make sure we had full grasp of the extent of their access so that the next time they try to come in, we can respond quickly.”

Based on a forensic analysis going back months, it appears the hackers broke into The Times computers on Sept. 13, when the reporting for the Wen articles was nearing completion. They set up at least three back doors into users’ machines that they used as a digital base camp. From there they snooped around The Times’s systems for at least two weeks before they identified the domain controller that contains user names and hashed, or scrambled, passwords for every Times employee.

While hashes make hackers’ break-ins more difficult, hashed passwords can easily be cracked using so-called rainbow tables — readily available databases of hash values for nearly every alphanumeric character combination, up to a certain length. Some hacker Web sites publish as many as 50 billion hash values.

Investigators found evidence that the attackers cracked the passwords and used them to gain access to a number of computers. They created custom software that allowed them to search for and grab Mr. Barboza’s and Mr. Yardley’s e-mails and documents from a Times e-mail server.

Over the course of three months, attackers installed 45 pieces of custom malware. The Times — which uses antivirus products made by Symantec — found only one instance in which Symantec identified an attacker’s software as malicious and quarantined it, according to Mandiant.

A Symantec spokesman said that, as a matter of policy, the company does not comment on its customers.

The attackers were particularly active in the period after the Oct. 25 publication of The Times article about Mr. Wen’s relatives, especially on the evening of the Nov. 6 presidential election. That raised concerns among Times senior editors who had been informed of the attacks that the hackers might try to shut down the newspaper’s electronic or print publishing system. But the attackers’ movements suggested that the primary target remained Mr. Barboza’s e-mail correspondence.

“They could have wreaked havoc on our systems,” said Marc Frons, the Times’s chief information officer. “But that was not what they were after.”

What they appeared to be looking for were the names of people who might have provided information to Mr. Barboza.

Mr. Barboza’s research on the stories, as reported previously in The Times, was based on public records, including thousands of corporate documents through China’s State Administration for Industry and Commerce. Those documents — which are available to lawyers and consulting firms for a nominal fee — were used to trace the business interests of relatives of Mr. Wen.

A Tricky Search

Tracking the source of an attack to one group or country can be difficult because hackers usually try to cloak their identities and whereabouts.

To run their Times spying campaign, the attackers used a number of compromised computer systems registered to universities in North Carolina, Arizona, Wisconsin and New Mexico, as well as smaller companies and Internet service providers across the United States, according to Mandiant’s investigators.

The hackers also continually switched from one I.P. address to another; an I.P. address, for Internet protocol, is a unique number identifying each Internet-connected device from the billions around the globe, so that messages and other information sent by one device are correctly routed to the ones meant to get them.

Using university computers as proxies and switching I.P. addresses were simply efforts to hide the source of the attacks, which investigators say is China. The pattern that Mandiant’s experts detected closely matched the pattern of earlier attacks traced to China. After Google was attacked in 2010 and the Gmail accounts of Chinese human rights activists were opened, for example, investigators were able to trace the source to two educational institutions in China, including one with ties to the Chinese military.

Security experts say that by routing attacks through servers in other countries and outsourcing attacks to skilled hackers, the Chinese military maintains plausible deniability.

“If you look at each attack in isolation, you can’t say, ‘This is the Chinese military,’ ” said Richard Bejtlich, Mandiant’s chief security officer.

But when the techniques and patterns of the hackers are similar, it is a sign that the hackers are the same or affiliated.

“When you see the same group steal data on Chinese dissidents and Tibetan activists, then attack an aerospace company, it starts to push you in the right direction,” he said.

Mandiant has been tracking about 20 groups that are spying on organizations inside the United States and around the globe. Its investigators said that based on the evidence — the malware used, the command and control centers compromised and the hackers’ techniques — The Times was attacked by a group of Chinese hackers that Mandiant refers to internally as “A.P.T. Number 12.”

A.P.T. stands for Advanced Persistent Threat, a term that computer security experts and government officials use to describe a targeted attack and that many say has become synonymous with attacks done by China. AT&T and the F.B.I. have been tracking the same group, which they have also traced to China, but they use their own internal designations.

Mandiant said the group had been “very active” and had broken into hundreds of other Western organizations, including several American military contractors.

To get rid of the hackers, The Times blocked the compromised outside computers, removed every back door into its network, changed every employee password and wrapped additional security around its systems.

For now, that appears to have worked, but investigators and Times executives say they anticipate more efforts by hackers.

“This is not the end of the story,” said Mr. Bejtlich of Mandiant. “Once they take a liking to a victim, they tend to come back. It’s not like a digital crime case where the intruders steal stuff and then they’re gone. This requires an internal vigilance model.”

<nyt_correction_bottom>

This article has been revised to reflect the following correction:

Correction: January 31, 2013

An earlier version of this article misstated the timing of a cyberattack that caused damage at Iran’s main nuclear enrichment plant. Evidence suggests that the United States and Israel released a computer worm around 2008, not 2012.

A version of this article appeared in print on January 31, 2013, on page A1 of the New York edition with the headline: Hackers in China Attacked The Times for Last 4 Months.

http://www.nytimes.com/2013/01/31/technology/chinese-hackers-infiltrate-new-york-times-computers.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0

The same happens to us since years – the attackers are known and we have informed the authorities about it.

OUR WEBSITES ARE ATTACKED CONSTANTLY BY CHINESE HACKERS WHICH ARE ACTING ON BEHALF OF SOME GERMAN THUGS.

IMMER WIEDER WERDEN WEBSITES MUTMASSLICH DURCH “GOMoPa” UND DEREN MUTMASSLICHE AUFTRAGGEBER ATTACKIERT WIE MUTMASSLICH “GERD BENNEWIRTZ” UND “PETER EHLERS”

Die FÄLLE SIND BEI DEN ZUSTÄNDIGEN BEHÖRDEN

SIEHE AUCH HIER:

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DER BEWEIS AUS DEM JAHR 2000: SO REGTE GRUNER und JAHR-TOCHTER, IPV, MICH AN, DEN TITEL “INVESTMENT” ZU LANCIEREN

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DIE BESTEN DAS INVESTMENT- DAS ORIGINAL Cover seit dem Jahre 2000

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DER BEWEIS “DAS INVESTMENT MAGAZIN” DAS ORIGINAL IST ECHT

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DER MAGISTER-TITEL VON BERND PULCH IST ECHT

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Reporting by Bernd Pulch, Lionel Goodwin, Sarah Goodsmith, Bridget Gallagher and Tim Wilkinson

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We focus on HNWI.

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The Merrill Lynch – Capgemini World’s Wealth Report 2009 defines HNWIs as those who hold at least US$1 million in financial assets and Ultra-HNWIs as those who hold at least US$30 million in financial assets, with both excluding collectibles, consumables, consumer durables and primary residences. The report states that in 2008 there were 8.6 million HNWIs worldwide, a decline of 14.9% from 2007. The total HNWI wealth worldwide totaled US$32.8 trillion, a 19.5% decrease from 2007. The Ultra-HNWIs experienced the greater loss, losing 24.6% in population size and 23.9% in accumulated wealth. The report revised its 2007 projections that HNWI financial wealth would reach US$59.1 trillion by 2012 and revised this downward to a 2013 HNWI wealth valued at $48.5 trillion advancing at an annual rate of 8.1%.

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University Mainz

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about Dolf Zillmans “Emotional Arousal Theory” January 1987

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Video – Confirmed – Ukraine ex-policeman jailed for murder of journalist Gongadze

 


http://www.euronews.com/
 A former Ukrainian police officer has been jailed for life for the murder of a campaigning journalist Georgiy Gongadze in 2000.

General Oleksiy Pukach implied in court that others, including ex-President Leonid Kuchma, were equally guilty.

A case against the former leader was dismissed two years ago.

Gongadze wrote about political corruption and crime.

The discovery of the 31-year-old’s headless body sparked a wave of public anger which eventually led to the “Orange Revolution”.

His widow’s lawyer said she intended to appeal, arguing that the court has failed to determine the motives for the killing.

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Movie – Robert Riggs Featured “Free To Murder Again” Serial Killer Kenneth McDuff

This is the single most popular episode of the series. It features Investigative Reporter Robert Riggs pursuit of serial killer Kenneth McDuff. McDuff is the only criminal in Texas History to receive three death penalties. He murdered dozens of women after receiving a highly questionable early parole from the Texas prison system.

Die ungesühnten STASI-Morde an Uwe Barschel, Heinz Gerlach, Lutz Eigendorf, Jörg Berger. Bärbel Bohley, Jürgen Fuchs, Detlev Rohwedder, Rudolf Bahro, Heinz Herbert Karry und Alfred Herrhausen

Uwe Barschel (vergiftet und ertränkt)

Heinz Gerlach (vergiftet)

Lutz Eigendorf (per vorgetäuschtem Unfall “verblendet” und ermordet)

Jörg Berger (Mitte verstrahlt und vergiftet)

Bärbel Bohley (verstraht und vergiftet)

Jürgen Fuchs , links (verstraht und vergiftet)

Detlev Rohwedder (erschossen)

Rudolf Bahro (vergiftet-verstrahlt)

Heinz Herbert Karry (erschossen)

Alfred Herrhausen (mit einer Sprengbombe ermordet)

Dokumentiert – STASI-Morde – Hinrichtungen in der DDR

 

Die Todesstrafe war eines der größten Geheimnisse der DDR: Vor 20 Jahren schaffte das Politbüro Exekutionen ab. SED-Chef Honecker ging es dabei nicht um Humanismus und Menschenrechte – der Diktator brauchte den Goodwill des Westens, um seinen maroden Staat am Leben zu halten.
Die wahrscheinlich letzte Hinrichtung in Deutschland fand am 26. Juni 1981 in der DDR, in der Hinrichtungsstätte im Gefängnis in der Alfred-Kästner-Straße, Leipzig, statt: Der 39-jährige Stasi-Hauptmann Dr. Werner Teske, dem vorgeworfen wurde, sich mit Akten in den Westen absetzen zu wollen (Spionagetatbestand), wurde durch den “unerwarteten Nahschuss” hingerichtet. Hierbei verkündete der Staatsanwalt dem völlig Ahnungslosen die beiden Sätze “Das Gnadengesuch ist abgelehnt. Ihre Hinrichtung steht unmittelbar bevor.” Daraufhin trat der letzte deutsche Henker, Hermann Lorenz, unbemerkt von hinten heran und schoss Teske ohne weitere Umschweife mit einer Armeepistole in den Hinterkopf. Lorenz hat auf diese Weise etwa zwanzig Hinrichtungen vollstreckt und wurde später zum Major befördert.
Das letzte nicht-militärische Todesurteil in der DDR wurde am 15. September 1972 an dem Kindermörder Erwin Hagedorn aus Eberswalde vollzogen.

INOFFIZIELL GING UND GEHT DAS MORDEN WEITER – ICH SAGE NUR DIOXIN

Report – List of journalists killed in Tajikistan – by the Big Brother of the STASI

This is a list of journalists who have been killed in Tajikistan or journalists from Tajikistan killed outside of the country since 1990. Listees include those known to have been murdered, as well as cases of suspicious death

From 1990-2001 Tajikistan was one of the most dangerous countries in the world for journalists. Estimates for the number of journalists killed number from fifty to eighty.[1] In the late 1980s and early 1990s, journalism in Tajikistan underwent a transformation as the Soviet Union liberalized under glasnost and perestroika. Journalists in both private and state-run media were permitted greater editorial and investigative freedoms to report on issues and to challenge government propaganda. But journalists ran into danger when they publicly confronted powerful interests or reported on violent events. The first journalistic death in Tajikistan occurred on 12 February 1990 when a sniper in a government building opened fire on demonstrators in Dushanbe, killing a number of individuals, including a Lenfilm employee filming the events from his hotel. Following the events of February 1990, the government placed pressure on editors to fire dozens of journalists working for local television stations, radio stations and newspapers.[2]

Journalists continued to face official harassment through the fall of the Soviet Union and the independence of Tajikistan in 1991.[3] In mid-1992 the Civil War in Tajikistan began, and journalists became targets for killings. During the war, forces of the opposition and the government both massacred civilians from certain regions because of their perceived political alignments. Thousands of Gharmis and Pamiris were selectively killed by pro-government forces for killings in the first year of the war.[1] In December 1992 alone, four journalists of Pamiri origin were killed.[4] There were also instances of journalists who were killed for their criticism of Islamic groups allied with the opposition. By 1995 at least 37 journalists had been killed in Tajikistan.[5]

By the late 1990s, the number of killings of journalists in Tajikistan began to fall. This was not due to greater press freedoms in the republic, but rather to the fact that a large number of journalists had fled the country and journalistic freedom of expression inside of Tajikistan had come to a halt. The non-governmental organization Freedom House rated press freedoms in Tajikistan as “Not Free” beginning in 1992.[6] Other NGOs, including Human Rights Watch, the Committee to Protect Journalists and the Glasnost Defense Foundation, have issued reports condemning the lack of press freedoms in Tajikistan. By 2007 the murder of journalists had ceased, but that year Human Rights Watch criticized the government of Tajikistan for its move to “tighten control over independent media activities” and the fact that journalists critical of the government are “routinely threatened with prosecution.”[7] In nearly every case of the killing of a journalist in Tajikistan, no suspects have been arrested or brought to trial.
1990

* N.I. Matrosov was a Lenfilm employee. He was in Dushanbe when a confrontation between the protestors and government forces broke out. Matrosov was shot on 12 February at 3:40 p.m. when a sniper from government building opened fire on demonstrators in Dushanbe. Matrosov was filming the event from the second floor of his Tajikistan hotel room. In the same incident, a woman was killed as she stood beside her brother, photojournalist who was photographing the incident.[8]

1992

* Khushvaht Muborakshoev worked for Tajikistan State Television. He was killed in December at an unknown location by members of the People’s Front, according to local journalists. He was a Pamiri.[4]

* Filolisho Khilvatshoev worked for Payomi Dushanbe. He was killed in December at an unknown location by members of the People’s Front, according to local journalists. He was a Pamiri.[4]

* Jamshed Davliyatmamatov was a correspondent of the state-run Khovar Information Agency. He was killed in December in Dushanbe by members of the People’s Front. He was a Pamiri.[4]

* Mukhtor Bugdiev was a photojournalist with the state-run Khovar Information Agency. He was reportedly killed in December by members of the People’s Front. Bugdiev was a Pamiri.[4]

* Tavakkal Faizulloev, a Kulobi, was a correspondent for the newspaper Subhi Yovon in Yovon district, Kulob Oblast. On 17 November he was murdered in retaliation for writing anti-Islamic articles. The exact location of his death is unknown.[4]

* Arcady Ruderman was a Belarusian documentary filmmaker who was killed on 22 September while filming a documentary for Ostankino about opposition leader Davlat Khudonazarov.

* Tura Kobilov was editor of the newspaper Bairaki Dusti. In June 1992 he was taken hostage and later shot and killed in Bokhtar district by unidentified captors, according to the Union of Journalists of Tajikistan.[4]

* Shirindzhon Amirdzhonov was a correspondent for Tajikistan Radio. On 7 May he was killed along with Olim Zarobekov at the government-run Radio House in Dushanbe, according to the Union of Journalists of Tajikistan.[4]

* Olim Zarobekov was a departmental head at Tajikistan Radio. On 7 May he was killed along with Shirindzhon Amirdzhonov at the government-run Radio House in Dushanbe, according to the Union of Journalists of Tajikistan.[4]

* Murodullo Sheraliev was editor-in-chief of the newspaper Sadoi Mardum. On 5 May Sheraliev was killed by shot in the Tajikistan Supreme Soviet in Dushanbe, according to the Union of Journalists of Tajikistan.[4]

1993

* Tabarali Saidaliev was editor of the newspaper Ba Pesh. On 21 October he was kidnapped and his body was found in a cotton field three days later. The men who kidnapped him were dressed as security agents.[9]

* Olimjon Yorasonov worked for the a regional newspaper in Vakhsh, Khatlon Province, and was killed in June or July. According to local journalists Yorasonov was murdered by the members of the militia People’s Front.[9]

* Pirimkul Sattori was a journalist from the Qurghonteppa newspaper Khatlon, who disappeared 28 May in Kulob oblast. His body was found several days later in a cotton field.[9][10]

* Zukhuruddin Suyari was a correspondent for the government magazine Todzhikiston. His body was found in Qurghonteppa at the end of March. It is suspected that Suyari was murdered by National Front members because his was Gharmi.[9]

* Saidmurod Yerov was the director of the executive director of Farkhang magazine. In January 1993 Yerov was arrested by the National Front. His body was reportedly found in a mass grave in Dushanbe on 2 February.[9]

1994

* Khushvakht Haydarsho was secretary of the editorial board of the Tajik-language government newspaper Jumhuriyat. On 18 May he was shot dead near his home in Dushanbe. It is believed that his death is connected to a series of articles he published on crime in Tajikistan.[11]

1995

* Muhiddin Olimpur was found shot outside a park in Dushanbe in December. He was the head of the BBC’s Persian Service bureau in Dushanbe.

* Muhammadsharif Holov was a writer and freelance journalist. On 16 November, Holov was killed when around 23:00 an unknown man in a mask entered his apartment and shot him with an automatic rifle. Holov was born in the village Olmalik in Tajikabad District on 4 February 1928. As a youth he had worked in the theatre and served in the military. He later went on to author several plays, become director of the Tajik State Youth Theatre, and was a member of the Writers’ Union of Tajikistan.[12]

* “TKD” Pochohona Sayfiddinov was a proofreader in the newspaper “Hakikati Kurgonteppa” and correspondent for the newspaper “Adabiet wa”. He frequently published under the pseudonym Rustoi. On 29 September, Sayfiddinov’s body was found in the Vakhsh River near the village of Kyzyl-Kala outside of Qurghonteppa. His body had been brutalized before being dumped in the river. He and his driver, Todzhiddin Homidov, had had their car stopped a few days earlier were stopped by unknown gunmen. Sayfiddinov was born on 2 August 1962 in the village Boturobod in Bokhtar district. In 1986 he graduated from the Arabic language faculty of the school of Oriental language of Tajik State University. It is suspected that Sayfiddinov was murdered because he was a close friend of politician Abdumalik Abdullojanov and had published articles about him, which had been criticized in the official press.[13]

* Muhammadmuslih Nadzhibulloev was a freelance writer and student in the Department of Journalism at the Tajik State University in Dushanbe. 0n 4 July, Nadzhibulloev was stabbed to death by unknown assailants. His body was found in Komsomolskaya Lake in the center of Dushanbe two days later. A few days before the his death, Nadzhibulloev had defended a comparative analysis of the censorship of the independent newspaper Charogi and the modern press in Tajikistan. Nadzhibulloev was born in March 1974 in the village Vora in Panjakent district, Sughd.[14]

* Olim Abdulov was director and writer for the Television program “Madzhro”. On the evening of 15 May he was killed near his home by unknown persons. Abdulov was born 2 July 1970 in Dushanbe. He had graduated from in 1992 from the Institute of the Arts.[15]

* Zayniddin Muhiddinov was a freelance writer and former editor of the newspaper Hakikat. On 14 March, unidentified men in camouflage uniforms shot dead Muhiddinov in the Leninsky district.[16]

1996

* Viktor Nikulin was a correspondent for Russian Public Television (ORT) in Dushanbe. Nikulin was fatally shot at the door to his office on 28 March. He had received three threatening telephone calls a week before he was killed.[17]

1998

* Otakhon Latifi was an opposition politician member and one of the most notable journalists in Tajikistan. On 22 September, at around 8am, Latifi was shot at point blank range outside his apartment in Dushanbe.

* Meirkhaim Gavrielov was a prominent leader of the Bukharian Jewish community in Tajikistan and journalist for fifty years. He was found strangled in his home on 8 June.

1999

* Dzhumakhon Khotami was the chief spokesperson for the Interior Ministry of Tajikistan. On 5 July he was assassinated in Dushanbe. Khotami had been the anchor of a weekly TV program that reported on drug trafficking, corruption and organized crime. Speculation for his death revolves around the drug bosses whose name’s he revealed publicly on television.[18]

2000

* Iskandar Khatloni was a Moscow-based correspondent for Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty’s Tajik Service. On the night of 21 September, Khatloni was attacked in his Moscow apartment by an unknown assailant wielding an axe. He died that night in a local hospital. Khatloni had recently been working on stories about the human-rights abuses in Chechnya[19]

* Aleksandr Alpatov was a photographer for the Khovar Information Agency. The Interior Ministry of Tajikistan reported on 1 September that Alpatov’s body was found not far from his home in Dushanbe. He was 42 when he died. Authorities reported that he had been killed by a handgun equipped with a silencer.[20]

See also

* Human rights in Tajikistan
* List of newspapers in Tajikistan
* Civil War in Tajikistan

References

1. ^ a b “Tajikistan Freedom Of Expression Still Threatened. November 1999. Vol. 11, No. 14 (D)”. Human Rights Watch. 1999. http://www.hrw.org/reports/1999/tajikistan/Tajik99n-05.htm#P217_40796. Retrieved 16 March 2008.
2. ^ Conflict in the Soviet Union: Tadzhikistan. Human Rights Watch. 1991. pp. 41–42, 49.
3. ^ Conflict in the Soviet Union: Tadzhikistan. Human Rights Watch. 1991. pp. 49.
4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j “Journalists Killed in 1992”. Committee to Protect Journalists. http://www.cpj.org/deadly/1992_list.html. Retrieved 2008-03-11.
5. ^ “Tajik Democratic Party speaks against media warning”. BBC Summary of World Broadcasts. Lexis-Nexis. 10 August 1995.
6. ^ Karatnycky, Adrian; Alexander J. Motyl and Boris Shor (1997). Nations in Transit 1997: Civil Society, Democracy and Markets in East Central Europe and the Newly Independent States. New Brunswick: Transaction Publishers. pp. 373. ISBN 0765804115.
7. ^ “Tajikistan Events of 2007”. Human Rights Watch. 2008. http://hrw.org/englishwr2k8/docs/2008/01/31/tajiki17748.htm. Retrieved 2008-03-15.
8. ^ Conflict in the Soviet Union: Tadzhikistan. Human Rights Watch. 1991. pp. 41–42.
9. ^ a b c d e “Journalists Killed in 1993”. Committee to Protect Journalists. http://www.cpj.org/deadly/1993_list.html. Retrieved 2008-03-11.
10. ^ Denber, Rachel (1993). Human Rights in Tajikistan: In the Wake of Civil War. Human Rights Watch. pp. 11.
11. ^ “Journalists Killed in 1994”. Committee to Protect Journalists. http://www.cpj.org/deadly/1994_list.html. Retrieved 2008-03-11.
12. ^ “Холов Мухаммадшариф”. Memorium. http://www.memorium.cjes.ru/?pid=2&id=331. Retrieved 2008-03-15.
13. ^ “Сайфиддинов Почохон”. Memorium. http://www.memorium.cjes.ru/?pid=2&id=330. Retrieved 2008-03-15.
14. ^ “Наджибуллоев Мухаммадмуслих”. Memorium. http://www.memorium.cjes.ru/?pid=2&id=329. Retrieved 2008-03-15.
15. ^ “Абдулов Олим”. Memorium. http://www.memorium.cjes.ru/?pid=2&id=323. Retrieved 2008-03-15.
16. ^ “Мухиддинов Зайниддин”. Memorium. http://www.memorium.cjes.ru/?pid=2&id=328. Retrieved 2008-03-15.
17. ^ “Journalists Killed in 1996”. Committee to Protect Journalists. http://www.cpj.org/deadly/1996_list.html. Retrieved 2008-03-10.
18. ^ “Journalists Killed in 1999”. Committee to Protect Journalists. 1999. http://www.cpj.org/deadly/1999_list.html. Retrieved 2008-03-11.
19. ^ “Journalist Murdered In Moscow”. Committee to Protect Journalists. 2000. http://www.cpj.org/news/2000/Russia22sept00na.html. Retrieved 2008-03-10.
20. ^ “Khovar news agency journalist found murdered in Tajik capital”. BBC Summary of World Broadcasts. Lexis-Nexis. 1 September 2000.

SOURCE: WIKIPEDIA

Report – List of Journalists killed by KGB and STASI – We work to stop this and get Murderers

The dangers to journalists in Russia have been well known since the early 1990s but concern at the number of unsolved killings soared after Anna Politkovskaya’s murder in Moscow on 7 October 2006. While international monitors spoke of several dozen deaths, some sources within Russia talked of over two hundred fatalities.[1] The evidence has since been examined and documented in two reports, published in Russian and English, by international organizations.

А wide-ranging investigation by the International Federation of Journalists into the deaths of journalists in Russia was published in June 2009. At the same time the IFJ launched an online database[2][3] which documents over three hundred deaths and disappearances since 1993. Both the report Partial Justice[4] (Russian version: Частичное правосудие[5]) and the database depend on the information gathered in Russia over the last 16 years by the country’s own media monitors, the Glasnost Defense Foundation and the Center for Journalism in Extreme Situations.

In its September 2009 report the Committee to Protect Journalists repeated its conclusion that Russia was one of the deadliest countries in the world for journalists and added that it remains among the worst at solving their murders. The Anatomy of Injustice[6] (Russian version: Анатомия безнаказанности[7]) offers an account of the deaths of 17 journalists in Russia since 2000. They died or were killed, the CPJ is convinced, because of the work they were doing and in only one case, it notes, has there been a partially successful prosecution.

The IFJ report focuses on the capacity of Russian law enforcement agencies, over a longer period of time, to identify and detain those who have killed journalists.[8] It adopted a broader approach than the CPJ study, and offered more analysis of change over time. This permitted Partial Justice to reveal a telling contrast between the rising and successful rate of prosecution for those who have killed journalists in ordinary cases of homicide[9] and the persistent failure to prosecute or convict those responsible for murders linked to the work of journalists.

How the figures have been compiled

Among international monitors the figures quoted for deaths of journalists in Russia have varied, sometimes considerably. There are several explanations. One, certain organisations are concerned with all aspects of safety in news gathering, and so the International Federation of Journalists and the International News Safety Institute also record accidents that have occurred at work.[10] Two, some monitoring bodies include only fatalities in crossfire and dangerous assignments, and those murders where they feel sure of the motive behind the lethal attack and can with confidence lobby the appropriate government — the CPJ adopts this approach. Three, the term “journalist” is used by monitors as a general term to cover many different occupations within the media. Some include support staff, others do not.

In any list of deaths, compiled by monitors inside or outside the country Russia ranks high. When the killing began the brief first Chechen war took numerous lives, of journalists from within Chechnya and from further afield. This deadly combat zone was then matched by that in the former Yugoslavia, above all in Bosnia. There were also mounting peacetime deaths of journalists elsewhere in the Russian Federation.

Those deliberately targeted for their work have tended to be reporters, correspondents and editors. In Russia many directors of new regional TV and radio stations have been murdered[11][12] but most of these deaths are thought to relate to conflicting business interests. Photographers and cameramen are particularly vulnerable in crossfire situations, such as the October 1993 days in Moscow and the armed conflict in the North Caucasus.

Following Russia’s media monitors, the IFJ database of deaths and disappearances in Russia embraces the entire range of media occupations and every degree of uncertainty as to the motive for many of the attacks. At the same time it allows for selection and analysis. One, it classifies the way in which a journalist died (homicide, accident, crossfire, terrorist act or not confirmed) and, two, it assesses each death as certainly, possibly,[13] or most probably not, linked to the journalist’s work.

Since the early 1990s Russia’s media monitors have recorded every violent or suspicious death that came to their attention. Determining which were linked to the work of the journalist concerned has not always been easy since law enforcement agencies in Russia were then struggling to cope with a wave of murders, and the number of unsolved killings of journalists steadily mounted. In the last few years n the Center for Journalism in Extreme Situations has gathered all available information about these deaths on its Memorium site.[14] This made it possible to check how far these deaths have been investigated and how many have led to court cases. The IFJ data base summarises the information accumulated on the Memorium site and makes it available in English for the first time.

The most up to date information is that 30% of all the murders committed since 1993 have resulted in prosecutions.[15] And if few reached the courts in the early 1990s, in the last few years the proportion has risen to 60% of all acknowledged homicides. This shifts the focus of concern to the quality of justice administered and, in particular, to the failure to solve the minority of very important cases within that total of targeted contract killings linked to the journalist’s investigative work and publications.

During a study of international fraud-detection homicide which compared fraud detection homicide cases from the United States of America against fraud detection homicide cases from the former Soviet Republic the murder of Paula Klebenikov illustrated a case of a contract killing of a journalist known to expose fraud in governments. At the time of his murder, he was thought to be investigating complex money laundering fraud scheme involving Chechen reconstruction projects. The investigation appears to reveal that Klebnikov had discovered that the fraud reached deep into the centers of power in the Kremlin, elements involving organized crime, and also the former KGB, which is now known as the FSB.[16]
[edit] Partial Justice and Anatomy of Injustice

The IFJ report, Partial Justice, maps the changing contours of impunity in Russia. It shows and explains the process whereby particular deaths are selected by the IFJ, CPJ and other monitors. It stresses the need for an end to total impunity in those remaining regions (the North Caucasus, St Petersburg) where no one has ever been prosecuted for killing a journalist,[17] and for an advance beyond partial justice in those cases where it is known, or strongly suspected, that the murder of a journalist was planned and premeditated. It is not enough to put the killer on trial; he must be accompanied, or followed, by his accomplices, and the intermediaries and individuals who ordered and paid for the killing.

The IFJ report opens and closes with the Politkovskaya murder and the subsequent trial, which ran from November 2008 to February 2009. After 16 years of unsolved killings, the international outcry over her death made this a test case that might finally breach the barrier of partial justice. The evidence presented by the prosecution, unfortunately, did not convince the jury or satisfy other key participants.[18] Anatomy of Injustice, the report by the CPJ, displays the conclusions the Committee has reached about certain deaths since 2000: the authorities do not acknowledge some of these deaths as homicide,[19] while several others reached the courts but have led at most to the conviction of the perpetrator, not those who ordered the killing.

Following different routes the two reports reach a similar set of recommendations. They call on the Russian authorities to give investigators and courts the backing they need to identify and pursue all those responsible for the deaths of journalists and, in the meanwhile, to keep press and public better informed about their progress in tackling such disturbing crimes.
[edit] International comparisons

The CPJ lists Russia as “the third deadliest country in the world for journalists” since 1991, exceeded in the number of deaths only by Algeria (1993–1996) and post-invasion Iraq.[20] It is more revealing, perhaps, to set Russia alongside its G20 partners — not just the USA and France, but also Saudi Arabia and China (see Table 1, in IFJ report).[21] Russia’s problem, shared by certain other members of G20 (India, Brazil and Mexico), is not simply one of the number of deaths but that the killing with impunity has persisted over time.

The varied conditions in these economically important countries highlight a further crucial dimension. The killing of journalists may be the most dramatic and frequently quoted “barometer of press freedom”[22] but it is by no means the only measure. What it signifies for a particular country can only be properly gauged in the wider context of press freedom and other liberties, present (or absent) in that society.[23] Very few journalists have been killed in China[24] and none, it would seem, in North Korea. Other shortcomings ensure those countries occupy a lower position than Russia on any index of press freedom.

And it is important to integrate into an understanding of the media situation those cases where a journalist, such as Mikhail Beketov, has survived an attack aimed at killing him (see below, “Killing not the only measure”). Death in such attacks is just the extreme end of the spectrum of threats and intimidation.
Deaths and trials, statistics

The violent deaths of journalists started in the Yeltsin era (1991–1999) and continued under Putin, president of Russia from 31 December 1999 to 7 May 2008.[25] When Medvedev became president, he spoke of the need to end “legal nihilism”.[citation needed] In the past five years, there have been a rising number of trials[17] but by November 2009 there had yet to be a major breakthrough, under Medvedev, either in the prosecution of pre-2008 deaths or the investigation of killings since his May 2008 inauguration. The Politkovskaya murder trial and the first arrests in the Baburova-Markelov slaying (November 2009) showed some inconclusive signs of movement.
See also: List of Presidents of the Russian Federation and Presidents
President     Y     Y     Y     Y     Y     Y     Y     P     P     P     P     P     P     P     P     P-M     M
year     1993     1994     1995     1996     1997     1998     1999     2000     2001     2002     2003     2004     2005     2006     2007     2008     2009     TOTAL
murder,crossfire

terrorist act
10     12     22     18     10     10     11     17     12     23     11     12     5     13     3     5     6     200
murder only     3     8     16     12     10     10     8     15     11     20     11     10     4     13     3     5     6     165
trials     –     –     –     1     1     4     4     3     1     3     3     6     2     7     5     4     2     50

The yearly figures in the table above are derived from the “journalists in Russia” database, where details can be found on each individual death. Certain important categories are not included. Those who have gone “missing” (14 persons);[26] those who died in an incident (“not confirmed”, 28 persons), the nature of which has not been satisfactorily established; and journalists killed in work-related accidents (37 persons),[27] may be found online in the IFJ database.

The third set of figures indicates the yearly number of verdicts reached in trials for the killing of journalists. With only three exceptions these have all been for homicide. Some cases have taken six to seven years to reach court, e.g. the killings of Dmitry Kholodov and Igor Domnikov, but most deaths that have resulted in prosecution take, on average, 12–24 months between the killing and the verdict.[28][29]

Rates of conviction are a different matter. When the death was not related to the journalist’s work the conviction rate exceeds 90%. When the journalist’s death was certainly or seems likely to have been related to his or her work, the rate of acquittals rises sharply to around half of the total. Most trials are still held before a judge, aided by two lay assessors. Trial by judge and jury, still very rare in Russia, generally offers a more rigorous testing of evidence, robust defence of the suspects and a higher chance of the defendant being found not guilty (average acquittal rate of 20%). The Politkovskaya murder trial, which was held before a jury, ended in February 2009 with the acquittal of all those accused.
Concern abroad

Over the past decade the Russian authorities have been repeatedly urged, by Western governments and international media bodies, to do more to investigate the deaths of journalists there. The Paris-based Reporters Without Borders constantly criticized Russia for what it described as a failure to investigate these murders[30][31][32][32][33][34] .[35] The organization further claimed that many of the dead journalists had been critical of the Russian President, Vladimir Putin. Between March 2000 and July 2007, said Reporters Without Borders, 21 journalists were murdered in Russia because of their work.[36]

Similar figures were produced by the CPJ.[37] In a June 2007 statement the CPJ said, “A total of 47 journalists have been killed in Russia since 1992, with the vast majority of killings unsolved,”.[20] Seventeen of these journalists had been killed “in the line of duty” since 2000: 14 were murdered in retaliation for their journalism; “two died in crossfire; and one was killed while covering a dangerous assignment”. The CPJ was continuing to investigate the deaths of eight other journalists to see if there was a link with their work. None of the 14 murders committed since 2000 had been solved, the CPJ said, and “13 bear the marks of contract hits”.[20]

Pressure on the Russian authorities increased in late 2006 after the murder of Anna Politkovskaya. In June 2007 the board of the World Association of Newspapers passed a resolution, calling on the authorities in Russia to “investigate journalist deaths more vigorously”[38]:

The brutal murder on 7 October 2006 of Novaya Gazeta journalist Anna Politkovskaya, known for her critical reporting on the conflict in Chechnya in which she sought to expose human rights abuses, was yet another reminder to Russian journalists that violence awaits those who investigate or criticise. It is estimated that 21 journalists have been killed since Russian President Vladimir Putin came to power in March 2000. In the great majority of cases, no one has been convicted and sentenced for the murders.

On 18 June 2007, the U.S. House of Representatives passed House Resolution 151, calling on Putin to “step-up efforts to investigate” the murders.[39] In a report published in 2007, the International News Safety Institute said more journalists had died violent deaths in Russia in the previous 10 years than anywhere in the world apart from Iraq,[40] though it offered statistics rather than details of the individual victims.[39] The website of the British New Statesman magazine, in what was described as “solidarity with the dead, and in association with Amnesty International, Center for Journalism in Extreme Situations, the Committee to Protect Journalists and Index on Censorship” published a list of 40 Russian journalists killed since 1993, representing only some of those who died.[41]
Dissenting voices, legal issues

Immediately after Politkovskaya’s murder doubts were expressed about the chances of justice being done, even though the victim in this case was a journalist who had acquired a worldwide reputation (cf. Dmitry Kholodov in 1994). American commentator Anne Applebaum thought that the murderers of Politkovskaya would never be found.[42] There were also some dissenting and sceptical voices.

German author Gabriele Krone-Schmalz wrote that many of the deaths of journalists could be explained by ordinary criminality. She suggested that the number of killings during Putin’s presidency was no higher than under Boris Yeltsin.[25] Writing for the maverick eXile publication in Moscow, Kirill Pankratov accused the CPJ of applying different standards to different countries and for classifying certain suspicious deaths of Russian journalists as “confirmed” murders.[43] He and others noted that some of the murders had now been solved and the suspects jailed.

Recent killings, in various parts of Russia, of Ilyas Shurpayev,[44] Yury Shebalkin,[45] Konstantin Borovko[46] and Leonid Etkind[47] did indeed lead to trials and convictions. This was also true of some of the men involved in the brutal, earlier murder of 23-year old Internet journalist Vladimir Sukhomlin.[48] Ilya Zimin’s alleged killer, meanwhile, was tried in his native Moldova and acquitted.[49] Yet these examples do not disprove the charge of partial justice since only one of the deaths was related beyond doubt to the journalistic work of the victim.

Criticism from abroad was frequently perceived and rejected as selective. However, Russia’s sought-for status as a member of G8 from 1997 onwards set a benchmark that showed the continuing deaths of journalists, and of other media restrictions within the country, in an unfavourable light. Also of importance was the country’s admission to the Council of Europe and, as a result, the potential involvement, after 1998, of the European Court of Human Rights as an arbiter of last resort. Unsuccessful attempts were made for the 2004 acquittal of Dmitry Kholodov’s alleged killers to be examined in Strasbourg. So far the Court has only once determined the failure of the Russian authorities to pursue those responsible for the violent deaths of journalists. In 2005 it ruled that the October 1999 killing in Chechnya of cameramen Ramzan Mezhidov and Shamil Gigayev and of more than thirty other civilians who died during the same incident had not been properly investigated.[50]
Killing not the only or always the best measure

There are certain countries where, over the past two decades, killing of journalists has been a regular occurrence (e.g. Colombia, Philippines, India). There are authoritarian regimes where few if any journalists have been killed in the same period (e.g. China, Saudi Arabia, North Korea, Cuba) – journalists know their place and other forms of coercion keep them in line. Within Russia there has been regular monitoring since the late 1990s by the Glasnost Defence Foundation and the Center for Journalism in Extreme Situations of all forms of intimidation or coercion used against journalists. Their evidence suggests that direct and indirect pressure on media outlets, increasingly through the courts in cases of criminal defamation, is widespread and ranges from obstruction of publishing activities, to assaults on staff and frequent threats to investigative reporters.

If approximately three quarters of the murders of journalists over the past 16 years are probably not related to their investigations and publications, the CJES considers that up to 70% of assaults, which annually run into the dozens, are work-related. Sometimes these are very serious indeed. In November 2008 Mikhail Beketov, chief editor of the Khimkinskaya pravda, a paper in a Moscow suburb, was beaten so severely that although he survived, and his paper has even resumed limited publication, by early 2010 he had still not regained the power of speech or independent movement.[51][52]
[edit] A list of journalists killed in Russia

What follows is a list of journalists (reporters, editors, cameramen, photographers) who have been killed in Russia since 1992. It includes deaths from all violent, premature and unexplained causes; fuller information may be found in the English and Russian versions of the IFJ database.[53][54]. An indication whether the death is certainly [J], possibly [?J] or most probably not [nJ] linked to the journalist’s investigative work and publications follows each name.
The Yeltsin years
1992-1994

1992

* Sergey Bogdanovsky, correspondent of TV “Ostankino”, killed in Moscow.[55]

1993[56]

* 15 April – Dmitry Krikoryants, correspondent for Express Chronicle weekly (Moscow), murdered in his apartment in the Chechen capital, on the night of 14–15 April.[57] Chechnya was then de facto independent. Homicide [J].

October events in Moscow

Sunday, 3 October, from 7.30 pm onwards. Outside and inside the Ostankino TV tower.[57]

1. Rory Peck, ARD Germany, cameraman. Crossfire [J].

2. Ivan Scopan, TF-1 France, cameraman. Crossfire [J].

3. Igor Belozerov, 4th Channel “Ostankino”, editor. Crossfire [J].

4. Sergey Krasilnikov, “Ostankino” TV, video engineer. Shot at point-blank range within building. Homicide [J].

5. Vladimir Drobyshev, People and nature monthly, editor. Heart Attack [J].

Monday, 4 October, after midday. near Supreme Soviet building.[57]

6. Alexander Sidelnikov, freelance journalist and film-maker from Saint Petersburg. Crossfire [J].

7. Alexander Smirnov, Youth Courier newspaper (Yoshkar-Ola), correspondent. Crossfire [J].

* 29 November – Elena Tkacheva, 26-year-old proof-reader for Kuban Courier newspaper, died in Krasnodar as a result of a bomb planted in the newspaper office.[57] Terrorist Act [J].
* 9 December – Marina Iskanderova, journalist at local TV station, murdered in her apartment in Nadym.[57] Homicide [nJ].

1994[58]

1. 1 February – Sergei Dubov, director of Novoye vremya publishing house, Moscow. Shot in contract killing.[59] Homicide [nJ].
2. 26 April – Andrei Aidzerdzis, Duma deputy and publisher. Shot in contract killing, in Khimki near Moscow.[60] Homicide [nJ].
3. 15 June – Yury Soltys, Interfax journalist and editor. Beaten to death in Moscow Region.[61] Homicide [?J].
4. 15 October – Tatyana Zhuravlyova and husband, media workers, Komsomolskaya pravda (Samara bureau). Killed in Voronezh Region while driving their car in the country.[62] Homicide. [nJ].
5. 17 July – Yelena Roshchina, chief editor of children’s newspaper, Ivanovo. Murdered in her flat.[63] Homicide. The gang who killed her were tried and convicted in 2000 [nJ].
6. 17 October – Dmitry Kholodov, military correspondent of the Moskovskii Komsomolets newspaper, was killed in Moscow when a booby-trapped briefcase he had collected from a railway station locker exploded in his newspaper’s offices.[64] Homicide. Kholodov’s alleged killers were tried and twice acquitted, in 2002 and in 2004 [J].

There were also four deaths in Chechnya after the conflict there began in November.[65]

1. 26 November – Hussein Guzuyev, director of Chechen TV & Radio Company. Grozny. Caught in crossfire between Dudayev supporters and pro-Moscow opposition [J].
2. 14 December – Gelani Charigov, journalist with Marsho private TV company. Grozny. Crossfire [J].
3. 22 December – Cynthia Elbaum, Freelance US photocorrespondent on assignment for Time magazine. Grozny. Crossfire [J].
4. 31 December – Bilal Akhmadov, cameraman for Marsho TV company. Grozny. Crossfire [J].

1995-1996 (incl. 1st Chechen conflict)

1995[66]

1. 1 January – Vladimir Zhitarenko, correspondent of the Red Star (Krasnaya zvezda) newspaper, Chechnya. Crossfire [J].
2. 1 January – Pyotr Novikov, journalist with Smena magazine, Moscow. Homicide (linked to Anisimov killing in late 1994) [nJ].
3. 7 January – Sultan Nuriyev, Chechnya. Not Confirmed [?J].
4. 10 January – Jochen Piest, correspondent of the Stern magazine. Chervlyonnaya, Chechnya. Crossfire [J].
5. 14 January – Valentin Yanus, cameraman of Pskov city TV channel, Chechnya. Crossfire [J].
6. 17 February – Vyacheslav Rudnev, freelance journalist, Kaluga, published in local Vest and Znamya newspapers. Homicide [?J].
7. 27 February – Maxim Shabalin, politics editor of Nevskoe Vremya newspaper (St Petersburg).[67] and Felix Titov, the paper’s photographer, disappeared on an assignment to Chechnya. Despite numerous expeditions, from 1995 to 1999, no trace was found of the two men’s remains. Missing [J].
8. 1 March – Vladislav Listyev, head of the new ORT TV Channel, shot dead in stairwell of his Moscow apartment block in a classic contract killing. Homicide [nJ].
9. 3 March – Igor Kaverin, engineer with Svobodnaya Nakhodka radio station, Primorsky Region. Shot in car, Homicide [nJ].
10. 8 March – Oleg Ochkasov, freelance journalist in Voronezh, writing for Vecherny Voronezh and Skandalnaya pochta newspapers. Homicide [nJ].
11. 16 March – Alexei Khropov, director of Vox radio station, recently off the air. Leningradskoe Highway, Moscow Region. Homicide [nJ].
12. 31 March – 23-year-old Ruslan Tsebiyev, Dudayev press service, Grozny, Chechnya. Homicide [?J].
13. 6 May – Malkan Suleimanova, journalist with Ichkeria newspaper (Grozny). Died under bombardment in Shatoi, Chechnya. Crossfire [J].
14. 22 May – Farkhad Kerimov, cameraman with Associated Press TV. Executed in Vedeno, Chechnya. Homicide (war crime)[J].
15. 5 May – Sergei Ivanov, went in search of Shabalin and Titov (above 27 February), south of Chechnya. Missing [J].
16. 6 June – Alexander Konovalenko, journalists with Krestyanskaya gazeta, Volgograd, beating in police station led to his death.[68] Homicide. Killer convicted in 1998 [?J].
17. 17 June – Natalya Alyakina-Mroszek, Focus magazine (Germany) and other outlets. Shot near Budyonnovsk.[69] Crossfire. Russian soldier found guilty of negligence in use of weapons, amnestied as Chechen war participant [J].
18. 25 July – Andrew Shumack Jr, freelance US photojournalist, St Petersburg Times. Grozny, Chechnya. Missing [?J].
19. 4 August – Sergei Nazarov, former presenter of popular TV show “Vremechko”. Killed in Moscow. Homicide [nJ].
20. 10 August – Vadim Obekhov, columnist with Vesti newspaper, Petropavlovsk, Kamchatka Region. Homicide [nJ].
21. 2 November – Andrei Ulanov, chief editor of Togliatti segodnya newspaper. Togliatt, Samara Region. Contract killing, homicide [nJ].
22. 8 November – Sergei Ananyev, head of press service, East Siberian organised crime department. Murdered in Irkutsk. Outcome of 2000 trial not clear [nJ].
23. 12 December – Victor Litvinov, “Golos Rossii” radio station commentator, Moscow, died after street attack.[70] Homicide [nJ].
24. 10 December – 25-year-old Yaroslav Zvaltsev, financial director of the Russky dom newspaper in Magnitogorsk, shot in contract killing.[71] Homicide [nJ].
25. 12 December – Shamkhan Kagirov, correspondent of the Vozrozhdenie newspaper, Chechnya. Crossfire [J].
26. 26 December – Vadim Alferyev, worked as journalist for local press and TV in Krasnoyarsk, where he died after a savage beating.[72] Homicide [?J].

1996[73]

1. 25 January – Oleg Slabynko, founder of “Moment Istiny” corporation, producer of a program of the same name, a director of ORT (today Channel One TV), murdered in his Moscow apartment. Contract killing [nJ].
2. 8 February – Yury Litvinov, engineer, and Alexander Zaitsev, director, of Forward cable television.[74] Found shot in car, Dalnegorsk, Primorsky Region. Contract killing? [nJ].
3. 26 February – Felix Solovyov, famous photographer, Aeroflot journal editorial board, murdered in Moscow.[75] Homicide [nJ].
4. 11 March – Victor Pimenov, cameraman with Vaynakh TV company (Chechnya).[76] Grozny, Chechnya. Crossfire [J].
5. 30 March – Nadezhda Chaikova, investigative journalist for Obshchaya Gazeta, executed in Chechnya, body found near village of Gekhi.[77] Homicide (war crime) [J].
6. 18 April – Anatoly Yagodin, correspondent for Na Boyevom Postu forces newspaper, killed by Chechen militants.[78] Assinovskaya, Chechnya. Crossfire [J].
7. 9 May – Nina Yefimova, correspondent for Vozrozhdeniye newspaper, Chechnya.[76] Grozny, Chechnya. Homicide [J].
8. 11 May – Victor Mikhailov, crime correspondent for Zabaikalsky rabochy newspaper.[74] Chita. Homicide [nJ].
9. 26 July – Nikita Chigarkov, staff member of Utrenniy ekspress, beaten and robbed.[74] Moscow. Homicide [nJ].
10. 1 August – Ivan Gogun, Groznensky rabochy correspondent.[76] Grozny, Chechnya. Crossfire [J].
11. 11 August – Ramzan Khadjiev, ORT correspondent, shot outside checkpoint in Chechnya.[76] Grozny, Chechnya. Crossfire [J].
12. 16 September – En Chan Kim, correspondent for various Sakhalin newspapers and Blagodatnaya Semya magazine.[74] Zhulebino, Moscow. Homicide [nJ].
13. 27 October – Anatoly Tyutinkov, assistant chief editor of Vecherniy Peterburg.[74] Incident not confirmed, St Petersburg. [nJ]
14. 29 October – Lev Bogomolov, Kaluga Vechernyaya chief editor,[74] Kaluga. Incident not confirmed [nJ].
15. 31 October – Sergei Semisotov, Editor of Traktir po Pyatnitsam newspaper.[74] Volgograd. Homicide [nJ].
16. 10 November – Marina Gorelova, reporter for Otechestvo TV company[74] and Yury Shmakov, Otechestvo TV consultant.[74] Kotlyakovskoe cemetery, Moscow. Terrorist act. Two convicted in 2003 for 16 deaths, incl. two journalists, caused by the explosion. [J]
17. 6 December – Kirill Polenov, freelance journalist. Vladikavkaz, North Ossetia. Homicide [nJ].
18. 7 December – Anatoly Belousov, deputy chief editor of Red Star (Krasnaya Zvezda).,[74] Moscow Region. Homicide [nJ].

1997-1999

1997[79]

1. 16 January – Alexei Yeldashov, journalist for local print and rado. Khabarovsk, Primorsky Region. Homicide [nJ].
2. 16 January – Nikolai Lapin, chief editor “Obo vsyom” newspaper. Togliatti, Samara Region. Homicide [nJ].
3. 3 February – Yury Baldin, chief editor at Focus TV. Chelyabinsk. Homicide [nJ].
4. 12 February – Vyacheslav Zvonarev, editor with Takt TV company. Kursk. Homicide [nJ].
5. 25 February – Vadim Biryukov, chief editor of “Delovye lyudi” magazine, Novolesnaya St, Moscow. Homicide [nJ].
6. 23 March – Vladimir Aliev,, Prokhladnoe, Kabardino-Balkaria. Homicide [nJ].
7. 30 March – Nikolai Mozolin,, Kirovsk, Leningrad Region. Homicide [nJ].
8. 10 May – Alexander Korkin,, Pereslavl-Zalessky, Yaroslavl Region. Homicide [nJ].
9. 6 August – Valery Krivosheyev,, Lipetsk. Homicide [nJ].
10. 19 October – Lydia Lazarenko,, Nizhny Novgorod. Homicide [nJ].

1998[80]

1. 30 January – Vladimir Zbaratsky,, Mosfilmoskaya St, Moscow. Homicide [nJ].
2. 2 April – Ivan Fedyunin, correspondent of the Bryanskie Izvestia newspaper. Homicide, Bryansk [nJ].
3. 6 April – Lira Lobach, media worker. district, Tomsk Region. Homicide [nJ].
4. 20 May – Igor Myasnikov,, Kineshma, Yaroslavl Region. Homicide [nJ].
5. 7 June – Larisa Yudina, chief editor of the Sovetskaya Kalmykia Segodnya newspaper. Elista, Kalmykia. Contract killing. Perpetrators convicted (1999), but not those behind her murder [J].
6. 28 July – Vladimir Ustinov,, Ivanovo. Homicide [nJ].
7. 17 August – Sergei Semenduyev,, Makhachkala, Dagestan. Missing [nJ].
8. 24 August – Anatoly Levin-Utkin,, St Petersburg. Homicide [?J].
9. 27 August – Mirbaba Seidov, homicide, Kaliningrad Region. Homicide [nJ].
10. 29 August – Victor Shamro,, homicide, St Petersburg. Homicide [nJ].
11. 2 September – Farid Sidaui, correspondent of the Prosto nedvizhimost magazine. Ramenka St, Moscow. Homicide [nJ].
12. 30 December – Sergei Chechugo,, Vladivostok. Not confirmed [?J].

1999[81]

1. 19 February – Gennady Bodrov, Homicide [nJ].
2. 25 February – Valentina Mirolyubova and Nikolai Mirolyubov, Homicide [nJ].
3. 4 March – Andrei Polyakov, Homicide [nJ].
4. 30 May – Alexei Kulanov, Homicide [nJ].
5. 30 June – Vadim Rudenko, Homicide.
6. 30 August – Lubov Loboda, Kuibyshev (Novosibirsk Region). Contract killing. Perpetrator, intermediary and man who ordered her dead all charged and convicted [nJ].
7. 27 September – Christopher Reese, Moscow. Homicide [nJ].
8. 27 October – Supyan Ependiyev, correspondent of the Groznenskiy Rabochy newspaper, Chechnya. Crossfire [J].
9. 29 October – Cameramen Shamil Gigayev and Ramzan Mezhidov, national TVC channel and local Chechen TV. Shami-Yurt, Chechnya. Crossfire. 2005 Judgment by European Court of Human Rights [J].

Under Putin (incl. 2nd Chechen conflict)
2000-2002

2000[82]

1. 1 February – Vladimir Yatsina, a photocorrespondent with ITAR-TASS. On his first and only trip to Chechnya he was kidnapped and later killed (by a group of Wahhabis some suggest).[83] Homicide [J].
2. 10 February – Ludmila Zamana, Samara. Homicide. Conviction [nJ].
3. 9 March – Artyom Borovik, Sovershenno sekretno periodical and publishing house, director and journalist. Sheremetyevo-1 Airport, Moscow. Incident not confirmed [?J].
4. 22 March – Luisa Arzhieva, correspondent for Istina mira newspaper (Moscow). Avtury, Chechnya. Crossfire [?J].
5. 17 April – Oleg Polukeyev, Homicide.
6. 1 May – Boris Gashev, literary critic, . Homicide. Conviction [nJ].
7. 13 May – Alexander Yefremov, Chechnya. A photojournalist with west Siberian newspaper Nashe Vremya, Yefremov died when militants blew up a military jeep in which he was travelling. On previous assignments, Yefremov won acclaim for his news photographs from the war-torn region. Crossfire [J].
8. 16 July – Igor Domnikov, from Novaya Gazeta, Moscow. Struck over the head with a hammer in the stairwell of his Moscow apartment building, Domnikov lay in a coma for two months. His murderer was identified in 2003 and convicted in 2007 [3]. The men who ordered and organised the attack have been named by his paper but not charged. Homicide [J].
9. 26 July – Sergei Novikov, Radio Vesna, Smolensk. Shot in a contract killing in stairwell of his apartment building. Claimed that he often criticized the administration of Smolensk Region. Homicide [?J].
10. 21 September – Iskander Khatloni, Radio Free Europe, Moscow. A native of Tajikistan, Khatloni was killed at night in an axe attack on the street outside his Moscow apartment block. His assailant and the motive of the murder remain unknown. A RFE/RL spokeswoman said Khatloni worked on stories about the human-rights abuses in Chechnya.[84] Homicide [nJ].
11. 3 October – Sergei Ivanov, Lada-TV, Togliatti. Shot five times in the head and chest in front of his apartment building. As director of largest independent television company in Togliatti, he was an important player on the local political scene.[85] Homicide. Gang responsible on trial [nJ].
12. 18 October – Georgy Garibyan, journalist with Park TV (Rostov), murdered in Rostov-on-Don [nJ].
13. 20 October – Oleg Goryansky, freelance journalist, press & TV. Murdered in Cherepovets, Vologda Region. Conviction [nJ].
14. 21 October – Raif Ablyashev, photographer with Iskra newspaper. Kungur, Perm Region. Homicide [nJ].
15. 3 November – Sergei Loginov, Lada TV (Togliatti). Incident not confirmed [nJ].
16. 20 November – Pavel Asaulchenko, cameraman for Austrian TV, Moscow. Contract killing. Conviction of perpetrator [nJ].
17. 23 November – Adam Tepsurkayev, Reuters, Chechnya. A Chechen cameraman, he was shot at his neighbor’s house in the village of Alkhan-Kala (aka Yermolovka). Tepsurkayev filmed most of Reuters’ footage from Chechnya in 2000, including the Chechen rebel Shamil Basayev having his foot amputated. Homicide (war crime) [J].
18. 28 November – Nikolai Karmanov, retired journalist. Lyubim, Yaroslavl Region. Homicide [nJ].
19. 23 December – Valery Kondakov, freelance photographer. Killed in Armavir, Krasnodar Region [nJ].

2001[86]

1. 1 February – Eduard Burmagin, Homicide.
2. 24 February – Leonid Grigoryev, Homicide [nJ].
3. 8 March – Andrei Pivovarov, Homicide.
4. 31 March – Oleg Dolgantsev, Homicide [nJ].
5. 17 May – Vladimir Kirsanov,[87] chief editor. Kurgan, Urals Federal District. Homicide [J].
6. 2 June – Victor Popkov, Novaya gazeta contributore, died in Moscow Region hospital. Wounded in Chechnya two months earlier. Crossfire [J].
7. 11 September – Andrei Sheiko, Homicide [nJ].
8. 19 September – Eduard Markevich, 29, editor and publisher of local newspaper Novy Reft in Sverdlovsk Region. Shot in the back[87] in a contract killing, homicide [J].
9. 5 November – Elina Voronova, Homicide [nJ].
10. 16 November – Oleg Vedenin, Homicide.
11. 21 November – Alexander Babaikin, Homicide [nJ].
12. 1 December – Boris Mityurev, Homicide.

2002[88]

1. 18 January – Svetlana Makarenko, Homicide.
2. 4 March – Konstantin Pogodin, Novoye Delo newspaper, Nizhni Novgorod. Homicide.
3. 8 March – Natalya Skryl, Nashe Vremya newspaper, Taganrog. Homicide [?J].
4. 31 March – Valery Batuyev, Moscow News newspaper, Moscow. Homicide [nJ].
5. 1 April – Sergei Kalinovsky, Moskovskij Komsomolets local edition, Smolensk. Homicide [nJ].
6. 4 April – Vitaly Sakhn-Vald, photojournalist, Kursk. Homicide. Conviction [nJ].
7. 25 April – Leonid Shevchenko, Pervoye Chtenie newspaper, Volgograd. Homicide [nJ].
8. 29 April – Valery Ivanov, founder and chief editor of Tolyattinskoye Obozrenie newspaper, Samara Region.[87] Contract killing [J].
9. 20 May – Alexander Plotnikov, Gostiny Dvor newspaper, Tyumen. Homicide.
10. 6 June – Pavel Morozov, Homicide.
11. 25 June – Oleg Sedinko, founder of Novaya Volna TV & Radio Company, Vladivostok. Contract killing, explosive in stairwell [nJ].
12. 20 July – Nikolai Razmolodin, general director of Europroject TV & Radio Company, Ulyanovsk. Homicide.
13. 21 July – Maria Lisichkina Homicide [nJ].
14. 27 July – Sergei Zhabin, press service of the Moscow Region governor. Homicide [nJ].
15. 18 August – Nikolai Vasiliev, Cheboksary city, Chuvashia. Homicide. Conviction [nJ].
16. 25 August – Paavo Voutilainen, former chief editor of Karelia magazine, Karelia. Homicide [nJ].
17. 4 September – Leonid Kuznetsov, “Periodicals of Mari-El” publishing house, Yoshkar-Ola.[89] Incident not confirmed [?J].
18. 20 September – Igor Salikov, head of information security at Moskovskij Komsomolets newspaper in Penza. Contract killing [nJ].
19. 26 September – Roderick (Roddy) Scott, Frontline TV Company, Great Britain. Crossfire [J].
20. 2 October – Yelena Popova, Homicide. Conviction [nJ].
21. 19 October – Leonid Plotnikov Homicide. Conviction [nJ].
22. 26 October – Tamara Voinova (Stavropol) and Maxim Mikhailov (Kaliningrad), Dubrovka theatre siege (“Nord Ost” show), Moscow. Terrorist Act [nJ].
23. 21 December – Dmitry Shalayev, Kazan, Tatarstan. Homicide. Conviction [nJ].

2003-2005

2003[90]

1. 7 January – Vladimir Sukhomlin, Internet journalist and editor, Serbia.ru, Moscow. Homicide. Off-duty police convicted of his murder, not those behind this contract killing [J].
2. 11 January – Yury Tishkov, sports commentator, Moscow. Contract killing [nJ].
3. 21 February – Sergei Verbitsky, publisher BNV newspaper. Chita. Homicide [nJ].
4. 18 April – Dmitry Shvets, TV-21 Northwestern Broadcasting, Murmansk. Deputy director of the independent TV-21 station (Northwestern Broadcasting), he was shot dead outside the TV offices. Shvets’ colleagues said the station had received multiple threats for its reporting on influential local politicians. Contract killing [nJ].
5. 3 July – Yury Shchekochikhin, Novaya gazeta, Moscow. Deputy editor of Novaya gazeta and a Duma deputy since 1993, he died just a few days before his scheduled trip to USA to discuss the results of his journalist investigation with FBI officials. He investigated “Three Whales Corruption Scandal” that allegedly involved high-ranking FSB officials. Shchekochikhin died from an acute allergic reaction. There has been much speculation about cause of his death. Investigation into his death has been opened and closed four times. Homicide [J].
6. 4 July – Ali Astamirov, France Presse. Went missing in Nazran [?J].
7. 18 July – Alikhan Guliyev, freelance TV journalist, from Ingushetia. Moscow. Homicide [nJ].
8. 10 August – Martin Kraus, Dagestan. On way to Chechnya. Homicide [nJ].
9. 9 October – Alexei Sidorov, Tolyatinskoye Obozreniye, Togliatti. Second editor-in-chief of this local newspaper to be murdered. Predecessor Valery Ivanov shot in April 2002.[87] Homicide. Supposed killer acquitted [?J].
10. 24 October – Alexei Bakhtin, journalist and businessman, formerly Mariiskaya pravda. Mari El. Homicide [nJ].
11. 30 October – Yury Bugrov, editor of Provincial Telegraph. Balakovo, Saratov Region. Homicide. Conviction [nJ].
12. 25 December – Pyotr Babenko, editor of Liskinskaya gazeta. Liski, Voronezh Region. Homicide [nJ].

2004[91]

1. 1 February – Yefim Sukhanov, ATK-Media, Archangelsk. Homicide. Conviction [nJ].
2. 23 March – Farit Urazbayev,cameraman, Vladivostok TV/Radio Company, Vladivostok. Incident not Confirmed [nJ].
3. 2 May – Shangysh Mongush, correspondent with Khemchiktin Syldyzy newspaper, Tuva. Homicide [?J].
4. 9 May – Adlan Khasanov, Reuters reporter, died in Grozny bomb attack that killed Chechen President Ahmed Kadyrov. Terrorist Act [J].
5. 9 June – Paul Klebnikov, chief editor of newly-established Russian version of Forbes magazine, Moscow. Contract killing, alleged perpetrators put on trial and acquitted. Homicide [J].
6. 1 July – Maxim Maximov, journalist with Gorod newspaper, St Petersburg. Body not found. Homicide [J].
7. 10 July – Zoya Ivanova, TV presenter, Buryatia State Television & Radio Company, Ulan Ude, Buryatia. Homicide [nJ].
8. 17 July – Pail Peloyan, editor of Armyansky Pereulok magazine, Moscow. Homicide [nJ].
9. 3 August – Vladimir Naumov, nationalist reporter, Cossack author (Russky Vestnik, Zavtra), Moscow Region. Homicide [nJ].
10. 24 August – Svetlana Shishkina,journalist, Kazan, Tatarstan. Homicide. Conviction [nJ].
11. 24 August – Oleg Belozyorov, Moscow-Volgograd flight. Terrorist Act [nJ].
12. 18 September – Vladimir Pritchin, editor-in-chief of North Baikal TV & Radio Company, Buryatia. Homicide [?J].
13. 27 September – Jan Travinsky (St Petersburg), in Irkutsk as political activist for election campaign.[92] Homicide. Conviction [nJ].

2005[93]

1. 23 May – Pavel Makeyev, reporter for TNT-Pulse Company, Rostov-on-Don. Run down while photographing illegal street racing. Incident not Confirmed [?J].
2. 28 July – Magomed Varisov, political analyst and journalist, shot dead near his home in Makhachkala, Dagestan. He “had received threats, was being followed and had unsuccessfully sought help from the local police” according to Committee to Protect Journalists. Sharia Jamaat claimed responsibility for the murder.[94] Homicide [J].
3. 31 August – Alexander Pitersky, Baltika Radio reporter, Saint Petersburg. Homicide [?J].
4. 3 September – Vladimir Pashutin, Smolensky Literator newspaper, Smolensk. Not Confirmed [nJ].
5. 13 October – Tamirlan Kazikhanov, head of press service for Anti-Terrorist Center of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs’s Main Department for the Southern Federal District, Nalchik. Crossfire [J].
6. 4 November – Kira Lezhneva, reporter with Kamensky rabochii newspaper, Sverdlovsk Region.[95] Homicide. Conviction [nJ].

2006-2008

2006[96]

1. 8 January – Vagif Kochetkov, newly-appointed Trud correspondent in the region, killed and robbed in Tula. Acquittal [nJ].
2. 26 February – Ilya Zimin, worked for NTV Russia television channel, killed in Moscow flat. Suspect in Moldova trial. Acquittal [nJ].
3. 4 May – Oksana Teslo, media worker, Moscow Region. Arson attack on dacha. Homicide [nJ].
4. 14 May – Oleg Barabyshkin, director of radio station, Chelyabinsk. Homicide. Conviction [nJ].
5. 23 May – Vyacheslav Akatov, special reporter, Business Moscow TV show, murdered in Mytyshchi Moscow Region. Killer caught and convicted. Homicide. Conviction [nJ].
6. 25 June – Anton Kretenchuk, cameraman, local “Channel 38” TV, killed in Rostov-on-Don. Homicide. Conviction [nJ].
7. 25 July – Yevgeny Gerasimenko, journalist with Saratovsky Rasklad newspaper. Murdered in Saratov. Conviction [nJ].
8. 31 July – Anatoly Kozulin, retired freelance journalist. Ukhta, Komi. Homicide [nJ].
9. 8 August – Alexander Petrov, editor-in-chief, Right to Choose magazine Omsk, murdered with family while on holiday in Altai Republic. Under-age murderer charged and prosecuted. Homicide. Conviction [nJ].
10. 17 August – Elina Ersenoyeva, reporter for Chechenskoye obshchestvo newspaper. Abducted in Grozny, Chechnya. Missing [?J].
11. 13 September – Vyacheslav Plotnikov,reporter, local “Channel 41” TV, Voronezh. Incident not Confirmed [nJ].
12. 7 October – Anna Politkovskaya, commentator with Novaya gazeta, Moscow, shot in her apartment building’s elevator;.[97][98][99][100] Four accused in contract killing, acquitted in February 2009 [J].
13. 16 October – Anatoly Voronin, Itar-TASS news agency, Moscow. Homicide [nJ].
14. 28 December – Vadim Kuznetsov, editor-in-chief of World & Home. Saint Petersburg magazine, killed in Saint Petersburg. Homicide [nJ].

2007[101]

1. 14 January – Yury Shebalkin, retired journalist, formerly with Kaliningradskaya pravda. Homicide in Kaliningrad. Conviction [nJ].
2. 20 January – Konstantin Borovko,presenter of “Gubernia” TV company (Russian: “Губерния”), killed in Khabarovsk.[46] Homicide. Conviction [nJ].
3. 2 March – Ivan Safronov, military columnist of Kommersant newspaper. Died in Moscow, cause of death disputed.[102][103] Incident not Confirmed. Investigation under Incitement to Suicide (Article 110) [?J].
4. 15 March – Leonid Etkind, director at Karyera newspaper. Abduction and homicide in Vodnik, Saratov Region. Conviction [nJ].
5. 5 April – Vyacheslav Ifanov, Novoye televidenie Aleiska, cameraman. Previously attacked by local military. Aleisk, Altai. Incident not Confirmed [?J].

* Marina Pisareva, deputy head of Russian office of German media group Bertelsmann was found dead at her country cottage outside Moscow in April[104][105]

2008

(Putin’s final months as president)

1. 8 February – Yelena Shestakova, former journalist, St Petersburg. Killer sent to psychiatric prison. Homicide [nJ].
2. 21 March – Gadji Abashilov, chief of Dagestan State TV & Radio Company VGTRK, shot in his car in Makhachkala. Homicide [?J].
3. 21 March – Ilyas Shurpayev, Dagestani journalist covering Caucasus on Channel One, was strangled with a belt by robbers in Moscow.[106][107] Alleged killers tracked to Tajikistan and convicted there of his murder. Homicide [?J].

The Medvedev presidency
2008-2011

2008[108]

1. 31 August – Magomed Yevloyev, Ingush oppositionist, founder of Ingushetiya.ru, Moscow-based lawyer, shot on return to country while in custody of Ingush police officers.[109][110][111] Killer convicted of negligent homicide, sentence subsequently mitigated. Homicide. Conviction [J].
2. 2 September – Abdulla Alishayev, (aka Telman Alishayev), TV presenter on Muslim channel, shot dead in car, Makhachkala.[112] Homicide [J].

2009[113]

1. 4 January – Shafig Amrakhov, Murmansk, shot in stairwell entrance in late December 2008. Homicide [nJ].
2. 4 January – Vladislav Zakharchuk, manager with Arsenyevskie vesti newspaper, Vladivostok. Arson suggested cause of death. Incident not Confirmed [?J].
3. 19 January – Anastasia Baburova, Novaya gazeta, Moscow.On 19 January Stanislav Markelov, lawyer for Novaya gazeta, anti-fascist activist and opponent of human rights abuses in Chechnya, was shot and killed in the centre of Moscow.[114] With him died Anastasia Baburova a trainee reporter with Novaya Gazeta, and a fellow anti-fascist activist.[115][116] In early November 2009 a man and a woman were arrested for the killing.[117] Homicide [J].
4. 30 March – Sergei Protazanov, layout artist with Grazhdanskoye soglasie newspaper, Khimki nr. Moscow. Link to work questioned. Incident not Confirmed [nJ].
5. 29 June – Vyacheslav Yaroshenko, chief editor of Corruption and Criminality newspaper, Volgograd. Cause of death remains unclear. Incident not Confirmed [?J].
6. 15 July – Natalia Estemirova,[118] a human rights activist with Memorial, who worked with journalists from Novaya gazeta, especially Anna Politkovskaya, and occasionally published in the newspaper herself, having been a TV reporter pre-1999. After years of investigating murders and kidnapping in Chechnya Estemirova was herself abducted that morning in Grozny and found, shot dead, by the roadside several hours later in neighbouring Ingushetia.[119] Homicide [J].
7. 11 August – Malik Akhmedilov,[120] deputy chief editor of the Avar language newspaper Khakikat (Truth), was found shot dead near the Dagestan capital Makhachkala. Homicide [?J].
8. 25 October – Maksharip Aushev was shot dead in Nalchik, capital of Kabardino-Balkaria.[121] When Magomed Yevloyev gave up running Ingushetia.ru, and his replacement (Rosa Malsagova) had to flee abroad to escape threats and harassment, Aushev ran the successor website Ingushetia.org. Link to past or present work unclear. Homicide [?J].
9. 16 November – Olga Kotovskaya, Kaskad radio & TV company, Kaliningrad. Fall from height? Incident not Confirmed. Investigation under “Incitement to suicide” (Article 110) [?J].

2010[122]

1. 20 January – Konstantin Popov died from a beating received a fortnight earlier by Russian police, in a detoxification centre for drunk and disorderly.[123] 26-year-old police sergeant charged with his killing. Homicide [nJ].
2. 23 February – Journalist Ivan Stepanov was murdered at his dacha.[124] Homicide [nJ].
3. 20 March – Maxim Zuyev was found murdered in a Kaliningrad flat he was renting. Seven years earlier he was interrogated by the city’s police for publishing an anonymous letter alleging corruption among high-ranking police officers in the enclave.[125][126][127][128] “Crime solved”, says Investigative Committee [?J].
4. 5 May – Shamil Aliyev, founder of radio stations, director of local TV, showbiz impresario, Makhachkala, Dagestan.[129] Homicide [?J]
5. 13 May – Said Magomedov, director of local television station, Sergokalinsky district, Dagestan. Shot dead when travelling with repairmen to restore sabotaged TV transmitter. Terrorist act [J].
6. 25 June – Dmitry Okkert, Moscow. A presenter with the Expert TV channel, Okkert was found stabbed to death in his own apartment. The director of the Expert media holding, Valery Fadeyev, does not believe that the brutal killing of his colleague was linked to his journalistic activities. Homicide [?J].
7. 25 July – Bella Ksalova, Cherkessk. A correspondent for the Caucasian Knot website and news agency, Ksalova died after being hit by a car on the street where she lived. Not confirmed [?J]
8. 1 August – Malika Betiyeva, Grozny-Shatoi highway. The deputy chief editor of Molodyozhnaya smena, and Chechnya correspondent of the “Dosh” (Word) magazine, died with four of her immediate family in a car crash. Not confirmed [?J]
9. 11 August – Magomed Sultanmagomedov, Makhachkala. The director of the “Makhachkala TV” station was assassinated in the Dagestan capital when his vehicle came under gunfire [?J]

2011

1. 15 December – Gadzhimurat Kamalov, Makhachkala. Investigative reporter – shoot eight times outside his paper’s offices.[130]

Journalists killed reporting on Chechnya

This category overlaps with that for Russia as a whole. It highlights the link in these extreme conditions between journalism, public activism and human rights activities. In their different ways the deaths of Dmitry Krikoryants, Dmitry Kholodov, Nadezhda Chaikova, Viktor Popkov,[131] Anna Politkovskaya, Anastasia Baburova, Stanislav Markelov and Natalia Estemirova all show that the troubled situation in the small North Caucasian republic reaches well beyond its formal borders.

For all who died, or received their fatal wounds, in Chechnya see records in IFJ database.[132] There were those killed in locations near or far from the North Caucasian republic, e.g. Natalya Alyakina, Anna Politkovskaya, whose deaths were also a consequence of the armed conflict in Chechnya.
1993

* Dmitry Krikoryants, night of 14–15 April 1993, Grozny.[133] Murdered over a year before open conflict broke out in Chechnya (first between pro-Dudayev and pro-Moscow factions, then with the intervention of federal forces), the killing of Krikoryants was linked to his investigation of corrupt activities of the local regime, at home and abroad.
1st Chechen war, 1994-1996

* Cynthia Elbaum. On assignment for Time magazine (USA), Cynthia was photographing in the streets of Grozny, when she was killed in a Russian bombing raid in 1994.[134]
* Vladimir Zhitarenko, a veteran military correspondent for the Russian armed forces daily Krasnaya Zvezda (Red Star), was hit by two sniper bullets outside the town of Tolstoy-Yurt, near the Chechen capital of Grozny on 31 December 1994.
* Nina Yefimova, a reporter for the new Vozrozhdenie (Revival) newspaper was abducted from her apartment and killed together with her mother. Journalists in Grozny and Moscow believe that her murder was related to stories she had published on crime in Chechnya.
* Jochen Piest. On 10 January 1995 Piest, a correspondent with Stern magazine (Germany), was killed in an attack by a Chechen rebel against a Russian mine-clearing unit in Chervlyonna, a village 24 kilometers northeast of Grozny. Rossiskaya Gazeta correspondent Vladimir Sorokin was wounded in the attack; Piest was fatally hit by three bullets.
* Farkhad Kerimov. Farkhad Kerimov was murdered on 22 May 1995 while filming for Associated Press behind rebel lines in Chechnya. No motive has ever been established for the killing.
* Natalya Alyakina. Natalya Alyakina, a free-lance correspondent for German news outlets, was shot dead in June by a soldier after clearing a Russian checkpoint near the southern Russian city of Budyonnovsk.
* Shamkhan Kagirov. Kagirov, a reporter for the Moscow daily Rossiyskaya Gazeta and the local Vozrozhenie newspaper, was shot and killed in an ambush in Chechnya. Kagirov and three local police officers were traveling in a car near Grozny when they were attacked. The three officers were also killed.
* Viktor Pimenov. On 11 March 1996, Pimenov, a cameraman with the local “Vainakh” TV company was fatally shot in the back by a sniper positioned on the roof of a 16-story building in Grozny. Pimenov had been filming the devastation caused to the Chechen capital by the March 6–9 rebel raid on the city.
* Nadezhda Chaikova. On 20 March 1996 Chaikova, correspondent for the Obshchaya gazeta (Moscow) weekly newspaper disappeared while on assignment. Her body was found buried in the Chechen village of Gekhi on 11 April, blindfolded and bearing signs of mistreatment. The cause of death was a gunshot wound to the back of the head. The identity of her executioners remains disputed. According to documents from Dudaev’s archive, that came into hands of Russian special services in 2002, she was killed by people from so called “Department of state security of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria” (Russian: Департамент государственной безопасности ЧРИ).[135][136] At the time there were strong suspicions that Russian security services were involved.

September 1996 to October 1999

No journalists are recorded as having been killed between September 1996 and October 1999 but 22 were kidnapped during these three years and later released.[137]
2nd Chechen war, 1999 onwards

A counter-terrorist operation by the federal authorities began in the region in September 1999. It was declared over on 16 April 2009.

* Journalist Supyan Ependiyev. On the evening of 27 October 1999, several short-range ballistic missile hit a crowded outdoor market in central Grozny, killing or wounding hundreds of people. About an hour after the attack, Ependiyev went to the scene to cover the carnage for his paper. As he was leaving the site, a new round of rockets fell about 200 meters from the bazaar. Ependiyev suffered severe shrapnel wounds and died in a Grozny hospital the next morning. According to other sources, he died two days later.
* Cameramen Ramzan Mezhidov and Shamil Gigayev. The journalists were part of a civilian convoy, including Red Cross workers and vehicles, attempting to leave Chechnya on 29 October 1999. Turned back at the republic’s eastern border, they were travelling along the highway from Grozny to Nazran in neighboring Ingushetia when their vehicles came under attack. As the convoy approached Shami-Yurt, a Russian fighter fired several time from the air, hitting a busload of refugees. Mezhidov and Gigayev left their vehicle to film the carnage. As they approached the bus, another Russian rocket hit a nearby truck, fatally wounding both journalists.
* Photojournalist Vladimir Yatsina, an ITAR-TASS staff member freelancing on his only trip to Chechnya, was kidnapped and killed there by a group of Wahhabis on 19 July 1999.[138][139]
* Antonio Russo, an Italian freelance journalist was killed on 16 October 2000 in Tbilisi, Georgia. His body was found near a Russian army base. He had come to the Georgian capital to document the Chechnya conflict as a Radio Radicale reporter, working for a radio station belonging to the Italian Radical Party (Partito Radicale). His body carried injuries caused by torture, probably from military techniques. None of the tapes, articles and writings left in his Georgian apartment have been found.
* Aleksandr Yefremov. A photojournalist of the western Siberian newspaper Nashe Vremya was killed in Chechnya when rebels blew up a military jeep in which he was riding. On previous assignments, Yefremov had won acclaim for his news photographs from the war-torn region.
* Cameraman and editor Roddy Scott. On 26 September 2002, Scott was killed in Ingushetia. Russian soldiers found his body in the republic’s Galashki region, near the border with Chechnya, following a bloody battle between Russian forces and a group of Chechen fighters.
* Former teacher and TV journalist Natalia Estemirova, now an award-winning Russian human rights activist, board member of the Russian NGO Memorial, and author for Novaya gazeta was murdered on 15 July 2009.[140] Estemirova was abducted around 8.30 am from outside her home in Grozny, Chechnya as she was working on “extremely sensitive” cases of human rights abuses in Chechnya.[141] Two witnesses reportedly saw Estemirova being pushed into a car, shouting that she was being abducted. She was found with bullet wounds in the head and chest at 4.30 pm in woodland 100 m (328 ft) away from the “Kavkaz” federal highway near the village of Gazi-Yurt, Ingushetia.[142]
* On 1 August Malika Betiyeva was killed on the Grozny-Shatoi highway. The deputy chief editor of “Molodyozhnaya smena”, and Chechnya correspondent of the “Dosh” (Word) magazine, died with four of her immediate family in a car crash.[143]

Betreff: STASI UND KGB – MORDE AN JOURNALISTEN – z.B. Alexander Walterowitsch Litwinenko

Alexander Walterowitsch Litwinenko (russisch Александр Вальтерович Литвиненко, wiss. Transliteration Aleksandr Val’terovič Litvinenko; * 30. August 1962 in Woronesch; † 23. November 2006 in London) war KGB-Agent und FSB-Offizier, später Putin-Kritiker und Buchautor.

Nach Abschluss der Mittelschule wurde Litwinenko 1980 in die Armee einberufen. Ab 1988 war er in der Abteilung für Spionageabwehr des sowjetischen Geheimdienstes KGB tätig. In verschiedenen Konfliktherden der Sowjetunion und später Russlands war er an Kampfeinsätzen beteiligt. Beim FSB, der russischen Nachfolgeorganisation des KGB ab 1991, war Litwinenko im Kampf gegen Terrorismus und organisiertes Verbrechen eingesetzt.
Vom Agenten zum Kritiker des russischen Machtapparates [Bearbeiten]

1998 trat Litwinenko erstmals als Kritiker des russischen Machtapparates an die Öffentlichkeit: Auf einer Pressekonferenz in Moskau beschuldigte er – zusammen mit Michail Trepaschkin und einigen anderen maskierten Geheimdienstlern – die Führung des Geheimdienstes FSB der Anstiftung zum Mord. Sie hätten von dieser den Auftrag bekommen, den damaligen Sekretär des Staatsicherheitsrats, Boris Beresowski, zu töten.[1]

Im März 1999 wurde Litwinenko erstmals verhaftet, in einem Strafverfahren im November desselben Jahres aber freigesprochen. Noch im Gerichtssaal wurde er erneut festgenommen, im Jahr 2000 schließlich aus der Haft entlassen. Litwinenko behauptete, die Anschuldigungen gegen ihn seien konstruiert gewesen. Und bei der Haftentlassung habe er sich verpflichten müssen, nicht aus der Russischen Föderation auszureisen. In der Folge wurde ein drittes Strafverfahren gegen ihn eröffnet. Nach eigenen Angaben wurden Litwinenko und seine Familie vom FSB bedroht, was ihn noch im Jahr 2000 zur illegalen Ausreise bewogen habe.

Litwinenko traf am 1. November 2000 in London ein und beantragte politisches Asyl. Dieses wurde ihm und seiner Familie im Mai 2001 gewährt. In Großbritannien betätigte sich Litwinenko als Journalist und Buchautor, finanziert vom ebenfalls in London lebenden Boris Beresowski.[2] Im Oktober 2006 – wenige Wochen vor seinem Tod – erhielt Litwinenko die britische Staatsbürgerschaft. Laut Daily Mail betätigte sich Litwinenko in London als MI6-Agent.[3]
Kritik aus dem Londoner Asyl (ab November 2000) [Bearbeiten]

Litwinenko machte eine Reihe von Anschuldigungen öffentlich, die seine früheren Geheimdienstkollegen von KGB und FSB und den früheren FSB-Chef Wladimir Putin belasten oder diskreditieren. Diese Behauptungen konnten bislang von unabhängigen Medien weder bestätigt noch widerlegt werden.
Sprengstoffanschläge auf Wohnhäuser 1999 [Bearbeiten]

Hauptartikel: Sprengstoffanschläge auf Moskauer Wohnhäuser

Zusammen mit Juri Felschtinski, einem US-amerikanischen Historiker russischer Herkunft, verfasste er 2002 das Buch Eiszeit im Kreml. Das Komplott der russischen Geheimdienste (im russischen Original: ФСБ взрывает Россию). Die auf Menschenrechtsfragen spezialisierte russische Nachrichtenagentur Prima, die vom ehemaligen Sowjetdissidenten Alexander Podrabinek geleitet wird, ließ das Buch in Lettland drucken und wollte es in Moskau mit einer Auflage von 4400 Exemplaren verkaufen. Der Lastwagen mit der Auflage wurde indes im Rahmen einer Antiterror-Aktion beschlagnahmt.[4]

Die zentrale These des Buches ist, dass die Sprengstoffanschläge von 1999 auf Wohnhäuser in Moskau und anderen russischen Städten, bei denen rund 300 Menschen den Tod fanden, entgegen den Behauptungen von offiziellen russischen Stellen nicht von tschetschenischen Terroristen verübt wurden. Vielmehr gingen die Anschläge – so die Autoren – auf das Konto des russischen Geheimdienstes FSB und dienten im Rahmen einer Strategie der Spannung als Vorwand für die Entfesselung des Zweiten Tschetschenienkriegs.[5]

Dieselbe Theorie vertraten auch Mitglieder einer öffentlichen Kommission um Sergei Kowaljow. Ihre Mitglieder wurden von einer Reihe von Zwischenfällen heimgesucht:

* Der Kommissionsvorsitzende Sergej Juschenkow wurde am 17. April 2003 erschossen.[6]
* Der Ermittler der Kommission, Rechtsanwalt Michail Trepaschkin – wie Litwinenko ein ehemaliger FSB-Offizier – wurde im Oktober 2003 festgenommen, als die Polizei in seinem Auto eine Pistole fand. Vermutlich wurde sie ihm untergeschoben, doch wurde Trepaschkin im Mai 2004 wegen Verrats von Staatsgeheimnissen und illegalem Besitz von Munition zu vier Jahren Lagerhaft verurteilt. Nach Angaben von Amnesty International war das Verfahren „offenbar politisch motiviert“ und entsprach „nicht den internationalen Standards für faire Verfahren“. Russische Menschenrechtsgruppen gingen davon aus, dass „die Anklagen gegen ihn konstruiert wurden, um zu verhindern, dass er seine Ermittlungen zu den 1999 verübten Bombenanschlägen auf Wohnhäuser fortsetzen konnte“, so Amnesty International.[7]
* Das Kommissionsmitglied Juri Schtschekotschichin, Vize-Chefredakteur der Zeitung Nowaja Gaseta, starb am 3. Juli 2003. Offizielle Todesursache war eine seltene Hautveränderung, das sogenannte Lyell-Syndrom. Familie und Weggefährten vermuten jedoch, dass Schtschekotschichin vergiftet wurde.[8]

Organisation der Geiselnahme im Moskauer Theater 2002 [Bearbeiten]

Im Juni 2003 behauptete Litwinenko im Interview mit dem australischen TV-Sender SBS, dass mindestens zwei der Tschetschenen, die das Moskauer Musical-Theater erstürmt hatten, in Wahrheit für den FSB gearbeitet hatten und vom FSB zur Geiselnahme angestiftet worden waren. Angeblich konnten die beiden ihm bekannten Tschetschenen später nicht unter den Toten gefunden werden, weil sie vom FSB herausgeholt worden waren. Litwinenko war überzeugt, dass die Geiselnahme in Wahrheit eine geplante Aktion des FSB war.[9]
Unterstützung von al-Qaida [Bearbeiten]

In einem Interview im Juli 2005 mit der polnischen Zeitung Rzeczpospolita warf Litwinenko dem von Putin geführten FSB vor, im Jahr 1998 Aiman az-Zawahiri und andere al-Qaida-Führer in der an Tschetschenien angrenzenden Teilrepublik Dagestan trainiert zu haben.[10]
Romano Prodis KGB-Komplizenschaft [Bearbeiten]

Im April 2006 sorgten Anschuldigungen gegen den italienischen Ministerpräsidenten Romano Prodi für Aufmerksamkeit. Litwinenko habe vor seiner Ausreise im Jahr 2000 vom ehemaligen stellvertretenden Direktor des FSB, Anatoli Trofimow erfahren, dass Prodi mit dem KGB zusammenarbeitete. Dies erklärte der britische Europaabgeordnete Gerard Batten am 3. April 2006 im EU-Parlament.[11][12]
Pädophilie-Anschuldigungen gegen Putin [Bearbeiten]

Litwinenko beschuldigte im Juli 2006 auf der Website der tschetschenischen Separatistenbewegung Wladimir Putin der Veranlagung zur Pädophilie.[13] Er verglich ihn mit dem bekannten ukrainischen Serienmörder und Kannibalen Andrei Tschikatilo.
Letzte, unveröffentlichte Recherchen [Bearbeiten]
Zerschlagung von Jukos [Bearbeiten]

Vor seinem Tod soll Litwinenko brisantes Material über die Zerschlagung des russischen Ölkonzerns Jukos gesammelt haben. Dies berichtete die britische Tageszeitung The Times. Litwinenko habe Unterlagen besessen, die bewiesen, dass mehrere Mitarbeiter des Unternehmens verschwunden oder gestorben seien und dass die russische Regierung an diesen Verbrechen direkt beteiligt gewesen sei. Die Akte habe Litwinenko dem früheren, mittlerweile in Israel lebenden Jukos-Vize Leonid Newslin übergeben.[14]
Ermordung von Anna Politkowskaja [Bearbeiten]

Eigenen Aussagen zufolge hat Litwinenko sich zuletzt auch mit dem Mord an der Moskauer Journalistin Anna Politkowskaja beschäftigt. Er soll sich am Tag seiner Vergiftung mit Polonium-210 mit dem italienischen Geheimdienstexperten Mario Scaramella getroffen haben, der ihm angeblich wichtige Unterlagen zu diesem Fall überreichte. Darin sollen Mitglieder einer Spezialeinheit des FSB als Urheber des Mordes an Politkowskaja angeführt werden. Litwinenko sei in diesen Unterlagen ebenso wie der in London lebende russische Oligarch Beresowski als nächstes Ziel von Anschlägen genannt worden.[15]
Kooperation mit spanischen Behördern [Bearbeiten]

Laut einem Bericht der Tageszeitung El Pais informierte Litwinenko kurz vor seinem Tod die spanischen Behörden über Aufenthaltsort, Rolle und Aktivitäten zahlreicher Mitglieder der russischen Mafia. In einem Treffen im Mai 2006 soll er insbesondere Informationen über Izguilov, Zahkar Kalashov und Tariel Oniani weitergegeben haben.[16]
Tod [Bearbeiten]
Das Grab Alexander Litwinenkos

Am 1. November 2006 ließ sich Litwinenko mit Vergiftungserscheinungen in ein Krankenhaus einweisen. In den folgenden Tagen verschlechterte sich sein Zustand rasant. Die Mediziner gingen zuerst davon aus, dass Thallium für den körperlichen Verfall Litwinenkos gesorgt hatte. Erst wenige Stunden vor dem Ableben fand man große Mengen der radioaktiven Substanz Polonium-210 im Urin.[17]

Litwinenko starb am 23. November 2006 um 21:21 Uhr Ortszeit an den Folgen der durch Polonium verursachten Strahlenkrankheit. Nur wenige Stunden, bevor er das Bewusstsein verlor, erklärte Litwinenko in einem Interview mit der Times, dass er vom Kreml zum Schweigen gebracht worden sei.[18]

Die Beerdigung auf dem Londoner Highgate-Friedhof (lt. Merkur Online vom 7. Dezember 2006) wurde nach islamischem Ritus abgehalten (Litwinenko war kurz vor seinem Tod zum Islam übergetreten).[19][20]

Litwinenko hinterließ seine Frau Marina und einen zehnjährigen Sohn.
Der Fall Litwinenko [Bearbeiten]
Ermittlungen [Bearbeiten]

Die Ermittlungen im Fall Litwinenko werden von Scotland Yard geführt; die britische Polizeibehörde stufte den Tod am 6. Dezember 2006 als Mord ein.[21][22][23] Am darauf folgenden Tag eröffnete auch die russische Staatsanwaltschaft ein Verfahren wegen Mordes an Litwinenko. Damit wird – falls die Ermittlungen zu einem offiziellen Ergebnis kommen – ein Prozess gegen mutmaßliche Täter in Russland möglich.[24]

Nach bisherigen Erkenntnissen wurde Litwinenko am 1. November 2006 in der Bar des Millennium Hotel mit Polonium-haltigem Tee vergiftet.[25] Hier traf er sich mit den russischen Geschäftsmännern (und früheren KGB-Mitarbeitern) Andrei Lugowoi und Dmitri Kowtun.[26] Möglicherweise war noch eine weitere Person namens “Wladislaw” involviert; diese steht im Verdacht, den kontaminierten Tee zubereitet und Litwinenko übergeben zu haben.[27][28] Nach dem Treffen im Millennium Hotel war Litwinenko mit Mario Scaramella zum Mittagessen in einer Sushi-Bar verabredet. Und anschließend traf er sich mit dem tschetschenischen Rebellensprecher Achmed Sakajew.[29]

Im Visier von Scotland Yard steht insbesondere Lugowoi, vgl. unten „Verfahren gegen Lugowoi“. Aber auch Kowtun ist nicht unverdächtig, ließen sich doch Polonium-Spuren bei seinen Verwandten in Deutschland nachweisen.[30]
Spekulationen über die Täterschaft [Bearbeiten]
Litwinenko beschuldigt Putin [Bearbeiten]

Am 21. November – zwei Tage vor seinem Tod – diktierte Litwinenko seinem Vater einen Abschiedsbrief. Darin machte er den russischen Präsidenten Putin für seinen Tod verantwortlich:

„Während ich hier liege, höre ich in aller Deutlichkeit die Flügel des Todesengels. Möglicherweise kann ich ihm noch einmal entkommen, aber ich muss sagen, meine Beine sind nicht so schnell, wie ich es gerne hätte. Ich denke deshalb, dass es an der Zeit ist, ein oder zwei Dinge dem Menschen zu sagen, der für meinen jetzigen Zustand verantwortlich ist. Sie [Putin] werden es vielleicht schaffen, mich zum Schweigen zu bringen, aber dieses Schweigen hat einen Preis. Sie haben sich als so barbarisch und rücksichtslos erwiesen, wie Ihre ärgsten Feinde es behauptet haben. Sie haben gezeigt, dass Sie keine Achtung vor dem Leben, vor der Freiheit oder irgendeinem Wert der Zivilisation haben. Sie haben sich als Ihres Amtes unwürdig erwiesen, als unwürdig des Vertrauens der zivilisierten Männer und Frauen. Sie werden es vielleicht schaffen, einen Mann zum Schweigen zu bringen. Aber der Protest aus aller Welt, Herr Putin, wird für den Rest des Lebens in Ihren Ohren nachhallen. Möge Gott Ihnen vergeben, was Sie getan haben, nicht nur mir angetan haben, sondern dem geliebten Russland und seinem Volk.“

– Abschiedsbrief Litwinenkos, übersetzt von der AFP.[31]

Putin wies die Anschuldigungen bezüglich einer Beteiligung Moskaus an der Ermordung Litwinenkos als unbegründet zurück.[17]
Spekulationen westlicher Medien [Bearbeiten]

Das Medieninteresse für das Schicksal Litwinenkos entbrannte Mitte November 2006, nachdem sich dessen Zustand massiv verschlechtert hatte. Nach Angaben des Guardian stellte zu Beginn die PR-Agentur Chime Communications – im Auftrag von Beresowski – eine Kampagne auf die Beine. Die Agentur verbreitete Informationen über den Gesundheitszustand von Litwinenko mit Fotos aus dem Krankenhaus.[32]

Die meisten westlichen Medien heben das Interesse hervor, das “Moskau”, das “Putin-Regime”, der “russische Geheimdienst” an einer Beseitigung Litwinenkos gehabt haben könnte.[33] Ergänzend werden die Täter auch in den Kreisen der russischen Mafia vermutet.[34] Diskutiert wird aber auch die in Russland verbreitete Theorie, dass eine andere Täterschaft bewusst den Verdacht auf “Moskau” lenken wollte.[32][35]

Laut der Theorie des US-Journalisten Edward Jay Epstein war Litwinenko in kriminelle Machenschaften wie den Schmuggel mit gefährlichen Materialien verwickelt. Epstein, der an einem Buch über den Gifttod arbeitet, behauptet in einem Artikel, dass Litwinenko in den Schmuggel des radioaktiven Polonium-210 verwickelt gewesen sei und sich dabei selbst vergiftet habe.[36]
Spekulationen in Russland [Bearbeiten]

Der Berater des Präsidenten, Sergei Jastrschembski, vermutete in einer Reportage des russischen Staatssenders Westi ein Komplott gegen die Regierung: „Ich denke, wir haben es mit einer gut organisierten Kampagne oder einem konsequenten Plan zur Diskreditierung Russlands und seiner Führung zu tun.“[37]

Ende Dezember 2006 bezeichnete die russische Generalstaatsanwaltschaft Leonid Newslin als möglichen Auftraggeber für den Mord an Litwinenko. Der seit 2003 in Israel lebende ehemalige Mitbesitzer des Ölunternehmens Jukos hat die Verdächtigung als „absoluten Schwachsinn“ zurückgewiesen.[38][39]

Der nationalbolschewistische Regierungskritiker Eduard Limonow wiederum stützte die These Litwinenkos und stellte Präsident Putin an den Pranger: „Das Argument all der Herren ist: Es war für Putin nicht nützlich, den Befehl zur Beseitigung Litwinenkos und Politkowskajas zu geben. Doch dieses Argument passt nicht für Herrn Putin und seine Umgebung. Die Jukos-Affäre hat dem Image Russlands und Putins gewaltigen Schaden zugefügt, hat sich negativ ausgewirkt auf die Entwicklung Russlands und wird sich noch weiter negativ auswirken. Trotzdem hat man die Jukos-Spitze mit unnützer Grausamkeit und Rachsucht verfolgt. Der Beschuss der Schule in Beslan, der Gasangriff auf das Kino Nord-Ost haben die unmenschlichen, tierischen Züge des Regimes gezeigt – sie waren völlig unnütz und wurden dennoch befohlen. Putin ist ein Mensch der Rache und der Emotionen. Litwinenko war im Jahr 2006 schon nicht mehr aktuell. Doch man hat Rache genommen für die Pressekonferenz des Jahres 1998, für sein Buch ‚Wie der FSB Russland in die Luft sprengt‘. Das war eine demonstrative, auf Schau angelegte Bestrafung – lange und quälend, zur Abschreckung.“[40]

Eine weitere Meinung vertritt Julia Latynina, die prominente russische Wirtschaftsjournalistin der Nowaja Gaseta und Buchautorin: „Das Verbrechen trägt die Handschrift einer aggressiven Fraktion innerhalb der Staatssicherheit, deren Ziel es ist, Putins Integrationsbemühungen gen Westen Einhalt zu bieten.“[41]
Verfahren gegen Lugowoi [Bearbeiten]

Scotland Yard besaß laut dem Guardian bereits im Januar 2007 genügend Beweise, um ein Auslieferungsgesuch für den nach Russland zurückgereisten früheren KGB-Mann Lugowoi zu beantragen.[42] Ende Mai 2007 schließlich – kurz vor dem Ende der Regierungszeit Tony Blairs – ersuchte London offiziell um Auslieferung Lugowois an Großbritannien.

Unter Berufung auf die Verfassung der Russischen Föderation, die eine Auslieferung russischer Staatsbürger an andere Staaten untersage, wurde dieses Auslieferungsgesuch abgelehnt. Gleichzeitig verwies die russische Generalstaatsanwaltschaft aber auf die Möglichkeit, in Russland ein Strafverfahren gegen Lugowoi zu eröffnen, wenn sie die nötigen Dokumente erhalte.[43]

Nach dem Amtsantritt der Regierung Gordon Brown verschärfte sich der Konflikt zwischen London und Moskau im Juli 2007. Am 16. Juli wies Großbritannien vier russische Diplomaten aus.[44] Moskau reagierte empört und kündigte „ernsthafte Konsequenzen“ an.[45] Als erster Schritt wurden am 19. Juli vier britische Diplomaten des Landes verwiesen. Außerdem kündigte Russland an, keine neuen Einreise-Visa für britische Amtsträger zu erstellen.[46]
Erklärung der britischen Staatsanwaltschaft [Bearbeiten]

Der Vertreter der königlichen Staatsanwaltschaft (Crown Prosecution Service), Sir Ken Macdonald, erklärte zum Fall Litwinenko:

„Ich habe heute beschlossen, dass die Beweise, die uns von der Polizei übergeben wurden, genügen, um Andrei Lugowoi des Mordes an Herrn Litwinenko mittels absichtlichen Vergiftens zu beschuldigen. Ich habe ferner beschlossen, dass die Strafverfolgung klar im öffentlichen Interesse ist. In dieser Lage habe ich die Mitarbeiter der Staatsanwaltschaft angewiesen unverzüglich Schritte zu unternehmen, um die baldige Auslieferung von Andrei Lugowoi durch Russland an das Vereinigte Königreich zu erreichen, damit er des Mordes angeklagt und schnell vor ein Londoner Gericht gestellt werden kann, um wegen dieses außerordentlich schweren Verbrechens angeklagt zu werden.“[47]

Die Beweislage [Bearbeiten]

Wie die britische Zeitung The Guardian am 23. Mai 2007 berichtete, stützt sich die Anschuldigung gegen Lugowoi vor allem auf die Polonium-Spur, die der mutmaßliche Täter nach der Vergiftung hinterlassen hat.

Der Täter habe sich bei der Vergiftung selbst kontaminiert. In der Folge habe er in Restaurants, Hotelzimmern, Taxis, an Lichtschaltern, Banknoten, Quittungen von Kreditkarten und Flugtickets winzige Spuren von Polonium hinterlassen. Auch Personen, mit denen er in Kontakt gekommen sei, hinterließen danach Polonium-Spuren, allerdings in wesentlich geringerem Umfang. Ebenso scheide das Opfer, vom Zeitpunkt seiner Vergiftung an, über die Schweißdrüsen geringe Mengen Polonium aus.

Alle Polonium-Spuren führten zu Andrei Lugowoi. Dieser habe bei einem Treffen im Millennium Hotel Litwinenko das Polonium in eine Teekanne gegossen, so das Blatt.

Das amerikanische FBI habe Polonium 210, das von Russland aus in die USA exportiert wurde, mit dem Polonium verglichen, mit dem Litwinenko ermordet wurde. Dies versetze die britischen Ermittler in die Lage, sowohl den Reaktor zu identifizieren, aus dem das Polonium stammt, als auch das genaue Datum der Polonium-Produktion zu bestimmen.[48]
Dokumentarfilm zum Fall Litwinenko [Bearbeiten]

Der Filmautor Andrei Nekrassow hat unter dem Titel Rebellion: die Affäre Litwinenko einen Dokumentarfilm zum Fall Litwinenko erstellt. Nekrassow begleitete Litwinenko in den letzten beiden Jahren vor dessen Tod. Der Film wurde am 26. Mai 2007 auf den Filmfestspielen von Cannes im Hauptprogramm außer Konkurrenz gezeigt.[49]

Wikipedia

Alexander Valterovich Litvinenko (Russian: Алекса́ндр Ва́льтерович Литвине́нко) (30 August 1962[1][2] (4 December 1962 by father’s account),[3] – 23 November 2006) was an officer who served in the Soviet KGB and its Russian successor, the Federal Security Service (FSB). In November 1998, Litvinenko and several other FSB officers publicly accused their superiors of ordering the assassination of Russian tycoon and oligarch Boris Berezovsky. Litvinenko was arrested the following March on charges of exceeding his authority at work. He was acquitted in November 1999 but re-arrested before the charges were again dismissed in 2000. He fled with his family to London and was granted asylum in the United Kingdom, where he became a journalist and writer.

During his time in London Litvinenko authored two books, Blowing Up Russia: Terror from Within and Lubyanka Criminal Group, where he accused Russian secret services of staging the Russian apartment bombings and other terrorism acts in an effort to bring Vladimir Putin to power. He also accused Putin of ordering the murder of Russian journalist Anna Politkovskaya.

On 1 November 2006 Litvinenko suddenly fell ill and was hospitalised in what was established as a case of poisoning by radioactive polonium-210 and that resulted in his death on 23 November. The events leading up to his poisoning and death are a matter of controversy, spawning numerous theories relating to his poisoning and death. The British investigation into his death resulted in a failed request to Russia for the extradition of Andrey Lugovoy whom they accused of Litvinenko’s murder, contributing to the further cooling of Russia–United Kingdom relations.

After Litvinenko’s death his widow Marina pursued a vigorous campaign on behalf of her husband through Litvinenko Justice Foundation. In October 2011, she won a right for a full public inquest into Litvinenko’s death to be conducted by a coroner in London.

Alexander Litvinenko was born in the Russian city of Voronezh.[4] After he graduated from a Nalchik secondary school in 1980 he was drafted into the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs as a Private. After a year of service, he matriculated in the Kirov Higher Command School in Vladikavkaz. In 1981, Litvinenko married Nataliya, an accountant, with whom he had a son, Alexander, and a daughter, Sonia. This marriage would later end in divorce in 1994 and in the same year Litvinenko married Marina, a ballroom dancer and fitness instructor, with whom he had a son, Anatoly.[5] After graduation in 1985, Litvinenko became a platoon commander in the Dzerzhinsky Division of the Soviet Ministry of Internal Affairs. He was assigned to the 4th Company, where among his duties was the protection of valuable cargo while in transit.[1][6][7] In 1986 he became an informant when he was recruited by the MVD’s KGB counterintelligence section and in 1988 he was officially transferred to the Third Chief Directorate of the KGB, Military Counter Intelligence.[6] Later that year, after studying for a year at the Novosibirsk Military Counter Intelligence School, he became an operational officer and served in KGB military counterintelligence until 1991.[6][8]

Career in Russian security services

In 1991, he was promoted to the Central Staff of the Federal Counterintelligence Service, specialising in counter-terrorist activities and infiltration of organised crime. He was awarded the title of “MUR veteran” for operations conducted with the Moscow criminal investigation department, the MUR.[9] Litvinenko also saw active military service in many of the so-called “hot spots” of the former USSR and Russia.[10] During the First Chechen War Litvinenko planted several FSB agents in Chechnya. In 1996, Litvinenko also served as a foot soldier during the Russian operation in the Dagestani village of Pervomayskoye, where two of his comrades were killed by friendly fire from the rocket artillery.[citation needed] Although he was oft reported in western media as being a spy, throughout his career he was not an ‘intelligence agent‘ and did not deal with secrets beyond information on operations against organised criminal groups.[6][11][12]

Litvinenko met Boris Berezovsky in 1994 when he took part in investigations into an assassination attempt on the oligarch. He later began to moonlight for Berezovsky where he was responsible for the oligarch’s security.[2][6] The moonlighting by Litvinenko and other security services personnel was illegal, but the state somewhat tolerated it in order to retain personnel who were at the time underpaid.[2][6] Thus, Litvinenko’s moonlighting for the controversial businessman was not investigated, but often investigations in Russia were selective and often targeted only at those who had stepped out of line.[6]

In 1997, Litvinenko was promoted to the FSB Directorate of Analysis and Suppression of Criminal Groups, with the title of senior operational officer and deputy head of the Seventh Section.[13] According to Dimitri Simes, the Directorate was viewed as much as a part of organised crime as it was of law enforcement.[14]

 Claims against FSB leadership

According to his widow Marina, during Litvinenko’s employment in the FSB he discovered numerous connections between top brass of Russian law enforcement agencies and Russian mafia groups, such as the Solntsevo gang, which he detailed in a memorandum to Boris Yeltsin.[when?][citation needed] Berezovsky arranged a meeting for him with FSB Director Mikhail Barsukov and Deputy Director of Internal affairs Ovchinnikov to discuss the alleged corruption problems, with no result, leading him to come to the conclusion that the entire system was corrupt.[15]

In December 1997 Litvinenko claimed he received an order to kill Berezovsky. He did not inform his part-time employer until 20 March 1998.[6][16] According to his widow, on 25 July 1998, the day on which Vladimir Putin replaced Nikolay Kovalyov as the Director of the Federal Security Service, Berezovsky introduced Litvinenko to Putin. Berezovsky claimed that he had helped Putin to take the Director’s position.[17] According to his widow, Litvinenko reported to Putin on corruption in the FSB, but Putin was unimpressed.[17] According to Litvinenko, Putin was involved with a corrupt military general in the Russian army when Putin was a Deputy for Economic Affairs to the Mayor of St. Petersburg. Litvenenko was doing an investigation into the general and Uzbek drug barons and believed that Putin tried to stall the investigation in order to save his reputation.[18]

On 13 November 1998 Berezovsky wrote an open letter to Putin in Kommersant. He accused heads of the Directorate of Analysis and Suppression of Criminal Groups Major-General Yevgeny Khokholkov, N. Stepanov, A. Kamyshnikov, N. Yenin of ordering his assassination.[19]

Four days later Litvinenko and four other officers appeared together in a press conference at the Russian news agency Interfax. All officers worked for both FSB in the Directorate of Analysis and Suppression of Criminal Groups and for Boris Berezovsky.[6] They repeated the allegation made by Berezovsky.[6][16] The officers also claimed they were ordered to kill Mikhail Trepashkin who was also present at the press conference, and to kidnap a brother of the businessman Umar Dzhabrailov.[16]

In 2007, Sergey Dorenko provided The Associated Press and The Wall Street Journal with a complete copy of an April 1998 interview he conducted for ORT television station with Litvinenko and his fellow employees. The interview, of which only excerpts were shown in 1998, shows the FSB officers, who were disguised in masks or dark glasses, claim that their bosses had ordered them to kill, kidnap or frame prominent Russian politicians and businesspeople.

Jim Heintz of The Associated Press opined that although Berezovsky does not appear in the interview, he has an omnipresence in it, given that that officers worked for him, and the interview was taped by Dorenko, a Russian journalist who was an employee of ORT owned in part by Berezovsky.[20]

Dismissal from the FSB

After holding the press conference, Litvinenko was dismissed from the FSB.[21] Putin said later in interview to Yelena Tregubova that he personally ordered the dismissal of Litvinenko, stating “I fired Litvinenko and disbanded his unit …because FSB officers should not stage press conferences. This is not their job. And they should not make internal scandals public.”[22] Litvinenko also believed that Putin was behind his arrest. He said: “Putin had the power to decide whether to pass my file to the prosecutors or not. He always hated me. And there was a bonus for him: by throwing me to the wolves he distanced himself from Boris [Berezovsky] in the eyes of FSB’s generals.”[23]

[edit] Arrest

[icon] This section requires expansion.

He was then arrested twice on charges which were dropped after he had spent time in Moscow prisons.[citation needed] In 1999, he was arrested on charges of abusing duties.[citation needed] He was released a month later after signing a written undertaking not to leave the country.[citation needed] [9]

Flight from Russia and asylum in the United Kingdom

[icon] This section requires expansion.

In October 2000, in violation of an order not to leave Moscow, Litvinenko and his family travelled to Turkey, possibly via Ukraine.[24] While in Turkey, Litvinenko applied for asylum at the United States Embassy in Ankara, but his application was denied.[24] Henry Plater-Zyberk opined that the denial of application may have been based upon on a possible American opinion that Litvinenko’s knowledge was of little benefit and that he might create problems.[6] With the help of Alexander Goldfarb, Litvinenko bought air tickets for the Istanbul-London-Moscow flight,[25] and asked for political asylum at Heathrow Airport during the transit stop on 1 November 2000.[26] Political asylum was granted on 14 May 2001,[27] not because of his knowledge on intelligence matters, but rather on humanitarian grounds.[6] While in London he became a journalist for the separatist Chechenpress and a controversial author, and also joined Berezovsky in campaigning against Putin’s government.[28][29] In October 2006 he became a naturalised British citizen with residence in Whitehaven.[30]

 Alleged career in MI6

On 27 October 2007, the Daily Mail, citing “diplomatic and intelligence sources,” stated that Mr Litvinenko was paid about £2,000 per month by MI6 at the time of his murder. John Scarlett, the head of MI6 (who was once based in Moscow), was allegedly personally involved in recruiting him.[11] The Independent stated that whilst cooperation of Litvinenko with MI6 will likely never be confirmed, a MI6 retainer for Litvinenko suggests systematic cooperation, because MI6 usually makes irregular payments to exiles in exchange for information.[31]

According to Marina Litvinenko, her husband did not work in British secret agencies, but consulted them to combat Russian organized crime in Europe.[32]

Alleged threats against Litvinenko

Former FSB officer Mikhail Trepashkin stated that he had warned in 2002 that an FSB unit was assigned to assassinate Litvinenko.[33] In spite of this, Litvinenko often travelled overseas with no security arrangements, and freely mingled with the Russian community in the United Kingdom, and often received journalists at his home.[6][34] In January 2007, Polish newspaper Dziennik revealed that a target with a photo of Litvinenko on it was used for shooting practice by the Vityaz Training Centre in Balashikha in October 2002.[35] The centre run by Sergey Lyusyuk is not affiliated with the government, and trains bodyguards, debt collectors and private security forces,[36] although in November 2006 the centre was used by the Vityaz for a qualification examination due to their own centre being under renovation.[36] The targets, which Lyusyuk says were bought in the Olympic Market, were also photographed when the chairman of the Federation Council of Russia Sergei Mironov visited the centre and met Lyusyuk on 7 November 2006.[35][36] When asked why the photographs of Mironov’s visit were removed from the centre’s website Lyusyuk stated “(t)hose Poles are up to something” and added that Mironov didn’t see the targets and knew nothing about them.[36]

Alleged blackmail activities

According to Julia Svetlichnaya, a Russian doctoral candidate at the University of Westminster‘s Center for the Study of Democracy, Litvinenko told her that he was planning to blackmail or sell sensitive information on a wide range of people, including oligarchs, allegedly corrupt official and figures within the Kremlin hierarchy, in which he would extort £10,000 per instance to have him stop publication of alleged documents. Svetlichnaya noted that Litvinenko didn’t have a steady income and was certain he could obtain the necessary files for this purpose.[37] According to The Observer, Litvinenko’s alleged threats and access to FSB materials might have turned him into an enemy of big business and the Kremlin.[37]

 Conviction in Russia

In 2002 he was convicted in absentia in Russia and given a three and a half year jail sentence.[38]

Allegations

Litvinenko told anyone who would listen about his theories relating to the power structures in Russia, and would bombard his contacts with relating to his conspiracy theories.[6][34][39] In a report for the Conflict Studies Research Centre, Henry Plater-Zyberk, a lecturer at the Defence Academy of the United Kingdom and Russian politics expert, described Litvinenko as a one-man disinformation bureau, who was at first guided by Berezovsky but later in possible pursuit of attention for himself. Plater-Zyberk notes that Litvinenko made numerous accusations without presenting any evidence to give credence to his claims, and these claims which became increasingly outlandish were often accepted by the British media without question.[6] According to Michael Mainville, Litvinenko knew the secret to a conspiracy theory is that they are based upon an absence of proof, and that the more outlandish the claim, the harder it is to disprove.[39] This has led to some political analysts dismissing his claims as those of a fantasist.[37]

Armenian parliament shooting

Litvinenko accused the Main Intelligence Directorate of the General-Staff of the Russian armed forces had organised the 1999 Armenian parliament shooting that killed Prime Minister of Armenia Vazgen Sargsyan and seven members of parliament, ostensibly to derail the peace process which would have resolved the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, but he offered no evidence to support the accusation.[6][40][41] The Russian embassy in Armenia denied any such involvement, and described Litvinenko’s accusation as an attempt to harm relations between Armenia and Russia by people against the democratic reforms in Russia.[42]

Russian apartment bombings

Litvinenko alleged that agents from the FSB coordinated the 1999 Russian apartment bombings that killed more than 300 people, whereas Russian officials blamed the explosions on Chechen separatists. This version of events was suggested earlier by David Satter,[43] and Sergei Yushenkov, vice chairman of the Sergei Kovalev commission created by the Russian Parliament to investigate the bombings.[citation needed]

 Moscow theatre hostage crisis

In a 2003 interview with the Australian SBS TV network, and aired on Dateline, Litvinenko claimed that two of the Chechen terrorists involved in the 2002 Moscow theatre siege — whom he named as “Abdul the Bloody” and “Abu Bakar” — were working for the FSB, and that the agency manipulated the rebels into staging the attack.[44] Litvinenko said: “[w]hen they tried to find [Abdul the Bloody and Abu Bakar] among the dead terrorists, they weren’t there. The FSB got its agents out. So the FSB agents among Chechens organized the whole thing on FSB orders, and those agents were released.” This echoed similar claims made by Mikhail Trepashkin.[45] The leading role of an FSB agent Khanpasha Terkibaev (the “Abu Bakar”) was also described by Anna Politkovskaya, Ivan Rybkin and Alexander Khinshtein.[46][47][48][49] In the beginning of April 2003 Litvinenko gave “the Terkibaev file” to Sergei Yushenkov when he visited London, who in turn passed it to Anna Politkovskaya.[22] A few days later Yushenkov was assassinated. Terkibaev was later killed in Chechnya. According to speaker of Russian State Duma Ivan Rybkin, “The authorities failed to keep [the FSB agent] Terkibaev out of public view, and that is why he was killed. I know how angry people were, because they knew Terkibaev had authorization from presidential administration.” [50]

Beslan school hostage crisis

Alexander Litvinenko suggested in September 2004 that the Russian secret services must have been aware of the plot beforehand, and therefore that they must have themselves organized the attack as a false flag operation. He spoke in an interview before his death with Chechenpress news agency, and said that because the hostage takers had previously been in FSB custody for committing terrorist attacks, it is inconceivable that they would have been released and still been able to carry out attacks independently. He said that they would only have been freed if they were of use to the FSB, and that even in the case that they were freed without being turned into FSB assets, they would be under a strict surveillance regime that would not have allowed them to carry out the Beslan attack unnoticed.[51] Ella Kesayeva, co-chair of the group Voice of Beslan, formalized Litvinenko’s argument in a November 2008 article in Novaya Gazeta, noting the large number of hostage takers who were in government custody not long before attacking the school, and coming to the same conclusion that Beslan was a false flag attack.[52]

 Support of terrorism worldwide by the KGB and FSB

Litvinenko stated that “all the bloodiest terrorists of the world” were connected to FSB-KGB, including Carlos “The Jackal” Ramírez, Yassir Arafat, Saddam Hussein, Abdullah Öcalan, Wadie Haddad of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine, George Hawi who led the Communist Party of Lebanon, Ezekias Papaioannou from Cyprus, Sean Garland from Ireland and many others.” He says that all of them were trained, funded, and provided with weapons, explosives and counterfeit documents in order to carry out terrorist attacks worldwide and that each act of terrorism made by these people was carried out according to the task and under the rigid control of the KGB of the USSR.[53] Litvinenko said that “the center of global terrorism is not in Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan or the Chechen Republic. The terrorism infection creeps away worldwide from the cabinets of the Lubyanka Square and the Kremlin”.[54][55]

Alleged Russia-al-Qaeda connection

In a July 2005 interview with the Polish newspaper Rzeczpospolita, Litvinenko alleged that Ayman al-Zawahiri, a prominent leader of al-Qaeda, was trained for half of a year by the FSB in Dagestan in 1997 and called him “an old agent of the FSB”.[53][56] Litvinenko said that after this training, al-Zawahiri “was transferred to Afghanistan, where he had never been before and where, following the recommendation of his Lubyanka chiefs, he at once … penetrated the milieu of Osama bin Laden and soon became his assistant in Al Qaeda.” [57] Former KGB officer and writer Konstantin Preobrazhenskiy supported this claim and said that Litvinenko “was responsible for securing the secrecy of Al-Zawahiri’s arrival in Russia; he was trained by FSB instructors in Dagestan, Northern Caucasus, in 1996-1997.”.[58] He said: “At that time, Litvinenko was the Head of the Subdivision for Internationally Wanted Terrorists of the First Department of the Operative-Inquiry Directorate of the FSB Anti-Terrorist Department. He was ordered to undertake the delicate mission of securing Al-Zawahiri from unintentional disclosure by the Russian police. Though Al-Zawahiri had been brought to Russia by the FSB using a false passport, it was still possible for the police to learn about his arrival and report to Moscow for verification. Such a process could disclose Al-Zawahiri as an FSB collaborator. In order to prevent this, Litvinenko visited a group of the highly placed police officers to notify them in advance.” According to FSB spokesman Sergei Ignatchenko, al-Zawahiri was arrested by Russian authorities in Dagestan in December 1996 and released in May 1997.[59]

When asked in an interview who he thought the originator of the 2005 bombings in London was, Litvinenko responded saying[53] “You know, I have spoken about it earlier and I shall say now, that I know only one organization, which has made terrorism the main tool of solving of political problems. It is the Russian special services.”

On 1 September 2005, al-Zawahiri and Mohammad Sidique Khan claimed responsibility for the attacks for Al Qaeda on a video tape which aired on al-Jazeera.[60]

Danish cartoon controversy

According to Litvinenko, the 2005 controversy over the publication in the Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten of editorial cartoons depicting the Islamic prophet Muhammad was orchestrated by the FSB to punish Denmark for its refusal to extradite Chechen separatists.[39]

Assassination of Anna Politkovskaya

Two weeks before his poisoning, Alexander Litvinenko accused Vladimir Putin of ordering the assassination of Russian journalist Anna Politkovskaya and stated that a former presidential candidate Irina Hakamada warned Politkovskaya about threats to her life coming from the Russian president. Litvinenko advised Politkovskaya to escape from Russia immediately. Hakamada denied her involvement in passing any specific threats, and said that she warned Politkovskaya only in general terms more than a year ago.[61] It remains unclear if Litvinenko referred to an earlier statement made by Boris Berezovsky who claimed that former Deputy Prime Minister of Russia Boris Nemtsov received a word from Hakamada that Putin threatened her and like-minded colleagues in person. According to Berezovsky, Putin uttered that Hakamada and her colleagues “will take in the head immediately, literally, not figuratively” if they “open the mouth” about the Russian apartment bombings.[62]

Allegations concerning Romano Prodi

According to Litvinenko, FSB deputy chief, General Anatoly Trofimov said to him “Don’t go to Italy, there are many KGB agents among the politicians. Romano Prodi is our man there”,[63][64] meaning Romano Prodi, the Italian centre-left leader, former Prime Minister of Italy and former President of the European Commission. The conversation with Trofimov took place in 2000, after the Prodi-KGB scandal broke out in October 1999 due to information about Prodi provided by Vasili Mitrokhin.[17]

In April 2006, a British Member of the European Parliament for London, Gerard Batten of the United Kingdom Independence Party (UKIP) demanded an inquiry into the allegations.[63][64] According to Brussels-based newspaper, the EU Reporter on 3 April 2006, “another high-level source, a former KGB operative in London, has confirmed the story”.[65] On 26 April 2006, Batten repeated his call for a parliamentary inquiry, revealing that “former, senior members of the KGB are willing to testify in such an investigation, under the right conditions.” He added, “It is not acceptable that this situation is unresolved, given the importance of Russia’s relations with the European Union.”[66] On 22 January 2007, the BBC and ITV News released documents and video footage, from February 2006, in which Litvinenko repeated his statements about Prodi.[67][68]

A report by the Conflict Studies Research Centre of the Defence Academy of the United Kingdom from May 2007 noted that Trofimov was never the head of the FSB, which did not oversee intelligence operations, had never worked in the intelligence directorate of the KGB or its successor the SVR, nor had he worked in the counterintelligence department of the intelligence services, nor had he ever worked in Italy, making it difficult to understand how Trofimov would have had knowledge about such a recruitment. Henry Plater-Zyberk, the co-author of the report suggested that Trofimov was “conveniently dead”, so “could neither confirm nor deny the story”, and noted Litvinenko’s history of making accusations without evidence to back them up.[6]

Cooperation with Spanish authorities

Shortly before his death Litvinenko tipped off Spanish authorities on several organised crime bosses with links to Spain. During a meeting in May 2006 he allegedly provided security officials with information on the locations, roles, and activities of several “Russian” mafia figures with ties to Spain, including Izguilov, Zahkar Kalashov, and Tariel Oniani.[69]

 Other allegations

In his book Gang from Lubyanka, Litvinenko alleged that Vladimir Putin during his time at the FSB was personally involved in protecting the drug trafficking from Afghanistan organized by Abdul Rashid Dostum [2]. In December 2003 Russian authorities confiscated over 4000 copies of the book.[70]

Litvinenko commented on a new law that “Russia has the right to carry out preemptive strikes on militant bases abroad” and explained that these “preemptive strikes may involve anything, except nuclear weapons,” Litvinenko said that “You know who they mean when they say ‘terrorist bases abroad’? They mean us, Zakayev and Boris, and me.”.[22] He also said that “It was considered in our service that poison is an easier weapon than a pistol.” He referred to a secret laboratory in Moscow that still continues development of deadly poisons, according to him.[71]

In an article written by Litvinenko in July 2006, and published online on Zakayev’s Chechenpress website, he claimed that Vladimir Putin is a paedophile.[72] Litvinenko also claimed that Anatoly Trofimov and Artyom Borovik knew of the alleged paedophilia.[73] The claims have been called “wild”,[34] and “sensational and unsubstantiated”[74] in the British media. Litvinenko made the allegation after Putin kissed a boy on his belly while stopping to chat with some tourists during a walk in the Kremlin grounds on 28 June 2006.[74] The incident was recalled in a webcast organised by the BBC and Yandex, in which over 11,000 people asked Putin to explain the act, to which he responded, “He seemed very independent and serious… I wanted to cuddle him like a kitten and it came out in this gesture. He seemed so nice…There is nothing behind it.”[75] It has been suggested that the incident was a “clumsy attempt” to soften Putin’s image in the lead-up the 32nd G8 Summit which was held in Saint Petersburg in July 2006.[74]

 Poisoning and death

Alexander Litvinenko at University College Hospital

On 1 November 2006, Litvinenko suddenly fell ill and was hospitalised. His illness was later attributed to poisoning with radionuclide polonium-210 after the Health Protection Agency found significant amounts of the rare and highly toxic element in his body. In interviews, Litvinenko stated that he met with two former KGB agents early on the day he fell ill – Dmitry Kovtun and Andrei Lugovoi. Though both denied any wrongdoing, a leaked US diplomatic cable revealed that Kovtun had left Polonium traces in the house and car he had used in Hamburg [3]. The men also introduced Litvinenko to a tall, thin man of central Asian appearance called ‘Vladislav Sokolenko’ who Lugovoi said was a business partner. Lugovoi is also a former bodyguard of Russian ex-Acting Prime minister Yegor Gaidar (who also suffered from a mysterious illness in November 2006). Later, he had lunch at Itsu, a sushi restaurant in Piccadilly in London, with an Italian acquaintance and nuclear waste expert, Mario Scaramella, to whom he made the allegations regarding Italy’s Prime Minister Romano Prodi.[76] Scaramella, attached to the Mitrokhin Commission investigating KGB penetration of Italian politics, claimed to have information on the assassination of Anna Politkovskaya, 48, a journalist who was killed at her Moscow apartment in October 2006.

Marina Litvinenko, widow of the deceased, accused Moscow of orchestrating the murder. Though she believes the order did not come from Putin himself, she does believe it was done at the behest of the authorities, and announced that she will refuse to provide evidence to any Russian investigation out of fear that it would be misused or misrepresented.[77]

 Conversion to Sunni Islam

Two days before his death Litvinenko informed his father that he had converted to Sunni Islam. Litvinenko’s conversion to Sunni Islam and the related wish for Muslim funeral rites were recognized by his father. Goldfarb stated, “Unfortunately some people appeared and against the explicit wishes of the widow performed Muslim rites over the funeral. We had a choice to turn it into an unseemly situation, but Marina asked us to respect the memory of Alexander and let these people do what they did. Let God be their judge.” Ghayasuddin Siddiqui, head of the Muslim Parliament of Great Britain, contended that Litvineko actually converted to Sunni Islam 10 days before he was poisoned.[78][79][80] Akhmed Zakayev, Foreign Minister of Chechen government-in-exile who lived next door to Mr Litvinenko and considered him “like a brother,”[81] said: “He was read to from the Qur’an the day before he died and had told his wife and family that he wanted to be buried in accordance with Muslim tradition.”[82] The ceremony was followed by a private memorial at which the ensemble Tonus Peregrinus sang sacred music by Russian composers Igor Stravinsky, Sergei Rachmaninov, Victor Kalinnikov, and three works by British composer Antony Pitts.[83]

 Death and last statement

On 22 November Litvinenko’s medical staff at University College Hospital reported he had suffered a “major setback” due to either heart failure or an overnight heart attack. He died on 23 November, and Scotland Yard stated that inquiries into the circumstances of how Litvinenko became ill would continue.[84]

On 24 November a posthumous statement was released, in which Litvinenko directly accused Vladimir Putin of poisoning him. Litvinenko’s friend Alex Goldfarb, who is also the chairman of Boris Berezovsky‘s Civil Liberties Fund, claimed Litvinenko had dictated it to him three days earlier. Andrei Nekrasov said his friend Litvinenko and Litvinenko’s lawyer composed the statement in Russian on 21 November and translated it to English.[85]

Putin disputed the authenticity of this note while attending a Russia-EU summit in Helsinki and claimed it was being used for political purposes.[86][87] William Dunkerley, in a briefing from May 2007 for a round table which discussed Litvinenko’s case and the way it was handled by the Russian and Western media, called into question the authenticity of the statement, noting that the statement did not read like a statement made on one’s deathbed and was typed in English, a language which Litvinenko was far from proficient in, with the signature and date handwritten.[28] Goldfarb later stated that Litvinenko instructed him to write a note “in good English” in which Putin was to be accused of his poisoning. Goldfarb also stated that he read the note to Litvinenko in English and Russian, to which he claims Litvinenko agreed “with every word of it” and signed it.[88]

Grave of Alexander Litvinenko at Highgate Cemetery

His postmortem took place on 1 December at the Royal London Hospital’s institute of pathology. It was attended by three physicians, including one chosen by the family and one from the Foreign Office.[89] Litvinenko was buried at Highgate Cemetery (West side) in north London on 7 December.[90] The police are treating his death as murder.[91] On 25 November, two days after Litvinenko’s death, an article attributed to him was published by The Mail on Sunday entitled “Why I believe Putin wanted me dead”.[92]

In an interview with the BBC broadcast on 16 December 2006, Yuri Shvets said that Litvinenko had created a ‘due diligence‘ report investigating the activities of a senior Kremlin official on behalf of a British company looking to invest “dozens of millions of dollars” in a project in Russia. He said the dossier was so incriminating about the senior Kremlin official, who was not named, it was likely that Litvinenko was murdered out of spite. He alleged that Litvinenko had shown the dossier to another business associate, Andrei Lugovoi, who had worked for the KGB and later the FSB. Shvets alleged that Lugovoi is still an FSB informant and he had spread copies of the dossier to members of the spy service. He said he was interviewed about his allegations by Scotland Yard detectives investigating Litvinenko’s murder. Shvets has also doubted Litvinenko’s capacity to perform honest unbiased due diligence.[93] The poisoning and consequent death of Litvinenko was not widely covered in the Russian news media.[94]

According to Mary Dejevsky, the chief editorial writer of The Independent, the view that the British public had of Litvinenko’s illness and death was essentially dictated by Berezovsky, who funded an expertly conducted publicity campaign.[95]

Theories and investigations into death

UK criminal investigation

On 20 January 2007 British police announced that they have “identified the man they believe poisoned Alexander Litvinenko. The suspected killer was captured on cameras at Heathrow as he flew into Britain to carry out the murder.”[96] The man in question was introduced to Litvinenko as ‘Vladislav’.

As of 26 January 2007, British officials said police had solved the murder of Litvinenko. They discovered “a ‘hot’ teapot at London’s Millennium Hotel with an off-the-charts reading for polonium-210, the radioactive material used in the killing.” In addition, a senior official said investigators had concluded the murder of Litvinenko was “a ‘state-sponsored’ assassination orchestrated by Russian security services.” The police want to charge former Russian spy Andrei Lugovoi, who met with Litvinenko on 1 November 2006, the day officials believe the lethal dose of polonium-210 was administered. [97]

On the same day, The Guardian reported that the British government was preparing an extradition request asking that Andrei Lugovoi be returned to the UK to stand trial for Litvinenko’s murder.[98] On 22 May 2007 the Crown Prosecution Service called for the extradition of Russian citizen Andrei Lugovoi to the UK on charges of murder. [99] Lugovoi dismissed the claims against him as “politically motivated” and said he did not kill Litvinenko. [100]

A British police investigation resulted in several suspects for the murder, but in May 2007, the British Director of Public Prosecutions, Ken Macdonald, announced that his government would seek to extradite Andrei Lugovoi, the chief suspect of the case, from Russia. [101] On 28 May 2007, the British Foreign Office officially submitted a request to the Government of Russia for the extradition of Lugovoi to face criminal charges in the UK. [102]

On 2 October 2011, The Sunday Times published an article wherein the chief prosecutor who investigated the murder of Litvinenko, Lord Macdonald of River Glaven, publicly spoke of his suspicion that the murder was a “state directed execution” carried out by Russia. Until that time, British public officials had stopped short of directly accusing Russia of involvement in the poisoning. “It had all the hallmarks of a state directed execution, committed on the streets of London by a foreign government,” Macdonald added.[103]

Russian criminal investigation

Many publications in Russian media suggested that the death of Alexander Litvinenko was connected to Boris Berezovsky.[104][105] Former FSB chief Nikolay Kovalyov, for whom Litvinenko worked, said that the incident “looks like the hand of Boris Berezovsky. I am sure that no kind of intelligence services participated.”[106] This involvement of Berezovsky was alleged by numerous Russian television shows. Kremlin supporters saw it as a conspiracy to smear Russian government’s reputation by engineering a spectacular murder of a Russian dissident abroad.[107]

After Litvinenko’s death, traces of polonium-210 were found in an office of Berezovsky.[108] Litvinenko had visited Berezovsky’s office as well as many other places in the hours after his poisoning.[109] The British Health Protection Agency made extensive efforts to ensure that locations Litvinenko visited and anyone who had contact with Litvinenko after his poisoning, were not at risk.[110]

Russian prosecutors were not allowed to investigate the office.[111] Russian authorities have also been unable to question Berezovsky. The Foreign Ministry complained that Britain was obstructing its attempt to send prosecutors to London to interview more than 100 people, including Berezovsky.[112]

On 5 July 2007, Russia officially declined to extradite Lugovoi, citing that extradition of citizens is not allowed under the Russian constitution. Russia has said that they could take on the case themselves if Britain provided evidence against Lugovoi but Britain has not handed over any evidence. The head of the investigating committee at the General Prosecutor’s Office said Russia has not yet received any evidence from Britain on Lugovoi. “We have not received any evidence from London of Lugovoi’s guilt, and those documents we have are full of blank spaces and contradictions.[113] However the British ambassador to Russia, Anne Pringle, claimed that London has already submitted sufficient evidence to extradite him to Britain.[114]

Judicial Inquiries

Inquest in London

On October 13, 2011 Dr. Andrew Reed, the Coroner of St. Pancras announced that he will hold a full public inquest into Litvinenko’s death, which will include the examination of all existing theories of the murder, including possible complicity of Russian government.[115]

 Litvinenko vs Russian Federation in Strasbourg

In May 2007 Marina Litvinenko registered a complaint against Russian Federation in the European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg accusing RF of violating her husband’s right to life, and failing to conduct full investigation.[116] References in popular culture

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 Books and Films about him

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Guilty – The Murder Of Jamal Khashoggi

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Did the Saudi state plan the assassination of Jamal Khashoggi? Was Khashoggi so much of a threat to the Saudi regime that it was prepared to commit a terrible crime to get rid of him? This documentary reconstructs Jamal Khashoggi’s personal plans and movements in his final days.

It also examines records, leaks and reports related to his assassination, as well as motivations that may have led Saudi Arabia to commit such a shocking crime. The film’s key feature is exclusive testimony from Khashoggi’s close circle, including from his fiancée Hatice Cengiz.

She tells of her emotional struggle in dealing with his death; hoping against hope he was still alive despite accounts of how he was killed; the struggle to discover his fate; and the pain of not knowing where his body is. The documentary also uncovers how the Saudi government handed the incident, including the attempts it made to cover up the story. In London, Washington, Istanbul and Montreal, the film visits and speaks with Khashoggi’s friends, security experts, analysts and activists.

The events surrounding Khashoggi’s killing and the assassination itself are reconstructed in reenactments and with aerial photographs, graphics and animations, including archive footage. In the words of one official close to the case, UN Special Rapporteur Agnès Callamard: “There is credible evidence that requires further investigation into the involvement of senior Saudi officials in the crime, including the Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman himself.”

Remember Russian Television Journalist Killed – Ilyas Shurpayev – March 21th 2008

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A Russian television journalist who had reported from the turbulent North Caucasus region was found strangled in his Moscow apartment on Friday, prosecutors said.

Police said the body of Ilyas Shurpayev, 32, was found by firefighters when they arrived to put out a fire in his apartment. They said it appeared Shurpayev was strangled with a belt and his attackers set his apartment on fire before leaving.

Shurpayev had moved to Moscow from Dagestan, a crime-ridden southern province neighboring Chechnya where he worked for several years as a reporter with state-controlled Channel One television.

Shurpayev reported from many conflict zones in the former Soviet Union including Chechnya and Georgia’s breakaway regions of Abkhazia and South Ossetia.

A spokesman for the investigations committee of the Prosecutor-General’s office said several theories for Shurpayev’s murder were being checked, including those related to his personal life and his work.

“Apparently the journalist knew his murderer because he opened the door for him and let him in,” the spokesman said.

Russian media reported that a concierge in the apartment block where Shurpayev lived had seen the last person to visit him.

More than a dozen journalists have been slain in contract-style killings in Russia since 2000. Many journalists appear to have been targeted for beatings and killings because of their attempts to dig into allegations of corruption.

Shurpayev was not known as an investigative reporter.

Several hours before his death he posted an entry on his personal Internet blog, http://www.shurpaev.livejournal.com, saying he had been included in a black list of journalists barred from contributing to an unnamed Dagestani newspaper.

“Now I am a dissident! What nonsense!”, wrote Shurpayev, who said he had published only travel reports in the paper.

“I have not participated in the political life of my republic or even my district because I am too lazy and have no time,” he wrote.